Chapter 2 Quiz

A  Promote evocative 

B  Promote Passive 

C  Create active

D  Uncouple unfavorable

A  Evocative 

B  Active 

C  Passive

D  Dynamic 

A  Range of reaction

B  A passive correlation

C   Evocate correlation 

D  An active correlation 

A  natural selection

B  Canalization

C  Heritability estimation

D  Gene-Environment correlation 

A  They will all experience the same increase in intelligence 

B  They will all obtain an average intelligence score 

C  Hermione will outperform Harry and Ron on intelligence measures

D  They will each respond differently to the same environment 

A  Heredity restricts the development of some characteristics to just one or a few outcomes

B  People have unique, genetically influenced reaction to particular experiences 

C  People with different gene- environment combination never respond similarly 

D  People respond similarity to the same qualities of the environment 

A  Differences in genetic makeup explain about one quarter of the variation in intelligence

B  Heritability of personality increases over the lifespa

C  Heritability of intelligence does not increase over the lifespan 

D  Genetic Factors are important in personality 

A  Case study

B  Structured observation

C  Kinship study

D  Experimental design 

A  Heritability estimates 

B  epigenesist 

C  Correlation coefficients 

D  Niche-picking

A  Scientists have determined that heredity plays a larger role than the environment in human development 

B  Researchers use heritability estimated to infer the role of the environment in complex human characteristics

C  A growing number of researchers regard the question of how much heredity and environment contribute to differences among people as unanswerable 

D  Genetic markers explain nearly all of the variation in human behavior 

A  Epigenesis 

B  Child development

C  Behavioral genetics

D  Environmental genetics

A  Engages in public education, legal action, drafting of legislation, congressional testimony and community organizing

B  Releases the Policy Book every two years, providing an in-depth compilation of policies for children 

C  Is a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping children in poverty in non-industrialized nation 

D  Provides free legal services to low-income families of children with disabilities 

A  Social programs are rarely cost effective 

B  The US already ranks at the top on key measures children health and well-being

C  Cultural values of self-reliance and privacy have made government hesitant to become involved in family matters

D  Such government policies have failed in other western countries 

A  Slovakia

B  Czech Republic 

C  Hungary 

D  The US

A  The US has been slow to move toward national standards and funding for child care

B  Although affordable child care is in short supply, nearly all programs are high quality

C  The united states ranks first in the industrialized world in public funding for child care 

D  Affordable child care is available for most families across the US 

A  Has a higher infant death rate than canada and spain 

B  Provides national standard and funding for child care 

C  Now has a universal, publicly funded health-care system

D  Spend more public funds on education from sweden 

A  Tribal

B  Interdependent 

C  Individualistic 

D  Collectivist 

A  Are largely concerned with their own personal needs 

B  Define themselves as part of a group 

C  Think of themselves as separate entities 

D  Stress individuals goals over group goals

A  Collectivist societies

B  Microsystems

C  Macrosystems

D  Subcultures 

A  More; participate in civic groups

B  Less; occupy positions of leadership

C  More; visit museums on regular basis

D  Less; have contact with their children teachers

A  Large urban area

B  Mid-sized city 

C  Small town

D  Urban neighborhood 

A  A greater

B  A lesser

C  No measurable

D  A similar 

A  Are nearly as physically and emotionally unavailable to their youngsters as parents coping with serious financial strain

B   Engage in parenting that promotes favorable development

C  Make fewer demands on their children than their less-well off counterparts

D  Value their children character more than their accomplishments 

A  adopted children

B  Immigrant children 

C  Children of poverty 

D  Children from single-parent families

A  Use coercive discipline 

B  Ignore their child’s misbehavior 

C  Engage in permissive child rearing

D  Reward their children for good behavior 

A  Parental conflict

B  An inspiring teacher 

C  Harsh discipline 

D  Piano lessons 

A  Permissive parenting 

B  Niche-picking

C  Induction

D  Coparenting 

A  Have trouble developing feelings 

B  Tend to have more learning and emotional difficulties than other children 

C  Are more like their adoptive parents than their biological parents in intelligence and personality 

D  Fare less well than children who return to their biological mothers

A  Maternal blood analysis 

B  Ultrasound

C  Fetoscope

D  amniocentesis 

A  Arrangements rarely proceed smoothly 

B  Is the least controversial from of medically assisted conception 

C  Usually involves the wealthy as contractors for infants and the less economically advantaged as surrogates 

D  Is illegal in most U.S. states

A  about 10 percent of American babies are conceived through this technique 

B  The success rate of in-virto fertilization declines steady with age

C  Doctors are required to keep records of the characteristics of sperm donors

D   It cannot be performed on women whose fallopian tubes have been damaged 

A  Turner 

B  Klinefelter

C  down

D  XYY

A  Hemophilia

B  Childhood cancer

C  PKU 

D  Cystic fibrosis 

A  Genetic Mutations 

B  Genomic imprinting 

C  X-linked inheritance

D  Codominance 

A  Marfan syndrome

B  Sickle cell anemia 

C  Fragile X syndrome

D  Huntington disease 

A  Worldwide, approximately 106 girls are born for every 100 boys 

B  Rates of mental retardation, learning disabilities, and behavior disorders are higher among females than males

C  The female infant is at a disadvantage compared to the male infant 

D  Rates of miscarriage, infant death, and childhood death are higher among males than females

A  v

B  Red hair

C  Facial dimples 

D  Curly hair

A  Dominant- recessive 

B  Recessive

C  Dominant 

D  A Carrier 

A  The X and Y chromosomes separate into sperm cells or ovum 

B  An X-bearing sperm or a Y-bearing sperm fertilizes the ovum

C  The ovum is carrying an X Chromosome or Y chromosome 

D  The sperm fertilizes an X-bearing ovum or a Y bearing ovum 

A  An identical twin

B  Male 

C  Female

D  Fraternal twin

A  At any age after sexual maturity 

B  For about two decades

C  For about three decades 

D  For about four decades

A  Sperm cells do not reach maturity until adolescence 

B  Meiosis results in just one sperm cell 

C  The cells from which sperm arise are produced continuously throughout life

D  About 1 to 2 million sperm are produced when meiosis is complete

A  Results in dizygotic twins

B  Permits the chromosomes to copy themselves 

C  Halves the number of chromosomes normally present in the body cells

D  Doubles the number of chromosomes normally present in the body cells 

A  Autosomes 

B  Alleles 

C  Gametes 

D  Phenotypes

A  Duplicate itself 

B  Slit itself in thirds 

C  Untwist itself 

D  Divide itself in half

A  Phenotype 

B  Karyotype 

C  Genotype 

D  Chromosome

A  Chromosomes

B  Phenotypes 

C  Genotypes

D  Alleles