Exam 2 Nervous System and Special Senses

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Question #1

The ear ossicles are the smallest bones in the human body.

A False

B True

Question #2

________________ collects sound waves and directs them into the ear.

A auricle (pinna)

B lobule

C pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

D tympanic membrane (eardrum)

E external acoustic meatus

Question #3

Which of the following structures is not part of the inner ear?

A vestibule of the ear

B tympanic membrane (eardrum)

C semicircular canals

D cochlea

Question #4

The _________________ is one of three ossicles in the middle ear in contact with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) that transmit sound to the rest of ossicles and inner ear.

A incus

B stapes

C malleus

Question #5

Which of the structures below provide a sense of directional balance?

A cochlea

B pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

C cochlear nerve

D semicircular canals

E tympanic membrane

Question #6

The ___________ helps to funnel sound into the ears better.

A lobule

B Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

C external acoustic meatus

D tympanic membrane

E auricle (pinna)

Question #7

The ________________ links the middle ear and pharynx.

A cochlear nerve

B cochlea

C tympanic membrane

D semicircular canals

E pharyngotympanic tube

Question #8

The malleus bone is also known as the __________________.

A anvil

B chisel

C stirrup

D hammer

Question #9

The _____________is the boundary between the external and middle ear.

A tympanic membrane

B semicircular canals

C auditory tube

D cochlea

Question #10

Receptors for hearing are located in the __________________.

A cochlea

B tympanic membrane

C semicircular canals

D auditory tube

Question #11

The stapes bone is also known as the ____________.

A stirrup

B anvil

C hammer

D chisel

Question #12

The auditory tube drains the middle ear and opens up into the nasopharynx. Since the two are connected an ear infection maybe turn into a sore throat or vice versa.

A False

B True

Question #13

________________ controls the pressure within the middle ear, making it equal with the air pressure outside the body.

A external acoustic meatus

B auditory ossicles

C cochlea

D auditory tube

E semicircular canals

Question #14

The ___________ functions as an entryway for sound waves, which get propelled toward the tympanic membrane.

A cochlea

B semicircular canals

C auditory tube

D external acoustic meatus

E auditory ossicles

Question #15

The incus bone is also known as ____________.

A anvil

B hammer

C stirrup

D chisel

Question #16

Transmits sound from the air to the ossicles in the middle ear.

A tympanic membrane

B semicircular canals

C cochlear nerve

D cochlea

E auditory tube

Question #17

The middle ear functions in _______________.

A both hearing and balance

B hearing

C transforming sound in neural message

D balance

Question #18

The nerves responsible for sending information about stimuli to your central nervous system are called ____________.

A afferent nerves

B efferent nerves

C both afferent and efferent nerves

Question #19

The inner ear functions in __________________.

A both hearing and balance

B balance

C controling the pressure within the middle ear, making it equal with the air pressure outside the body.

D hearing

Question #20

What is the structure that helps the eye maintain its shape?

A cornea

B iris

C sclera

D vitreous humor

E retina

Question #21

70% of the cerebral cortex is involved in processing visual information.

A False

B True

Question #22

Light enters the eye through the __________________.

A lens

B cornea

D iris

E optic nerve

F pupil

Question #23

_________________ responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil and thus the amount of light reaching the retina.

A iris

B sclera

C choroid

D lens

E cornea

Question #24

The nerves that carry signals away from the central nervous system in order to initiate an action are called ________________.

A efferent nerves

B both afferent and efferent nerves

C afferent nerves

Question #25

________________ transfers visual information from the retina to the vision centers of the brain via electrical impulses.

A vitreous humor

B optic nerve

C posterior segment

D iris

E sclera

Question #26

The ____________ change the focal distance of the eye so that it can focus on objects at various distances, thus allowing a sharp real image of the object of interest.

A iris

B retina

C lens

D vitreous humor

E pupil

Question #27

Coat of the eye that acts as a tough protection from injury, and provides attachment for the extraocular muscles that move the eye.

A sclera

B optic nerve

C vitreous humor

D cornea

E iris

Question #28

_________________ receives light that the lens has focused, convert the light into neural signals, and send these signals on to the brain for visual recognition.

A retina

B cornea

C pupil

D optic nerve

E iris

Question #29

______________ is filled with blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the eye.

A sclera

B iris

C lens

D choroid

E cornea

Question #30

_______________ shade the eyes from sunlight.

A eyelashes

B conjunctiva

C eyelids

D eyebrows

E iris

Question #31

_________________ are sensitive to being touched, thus providing a warning that an object is near the eye.

A eyelids

B eyelashes

C conjunctiva

D iris

E eyebrows

Question #32

Cranial nerve that transmits sensory information to your brain regarding smells you encounter.

A I Olfactory

B VIII Vestibulochoclear

C XII Hypoglossal

D III Oculomotor

E V Trigeminal

Question #33

Cranial nerve that controls your superior oblique muscle. This is the muscle that’s responsible for downward, outward, and inward eye movements.

A II Optic nerve

B X Vagus

C III Oculomotor

D IV Trochlear

E IX Glosopharyngeal

Question #34

Cranial nerve involve hearing and balance and track linear and rotational movement of your head.

A VII Facial

B IV Trochlear

C XII Hypoglossal

D VIII Vestibulochoclear

E VI Abducens

Question #35

Cranial nerve which stimulates voluntary movement of a muscle in the back of your throat called the stylopharyngeus used in swallowing.

A X Vagus

B V Trigeminal

C XII Hypoglossal

D XI Accesory

E IX Glosopharyngeal

Question #36

Cranial nerve used to control head movement (stimulating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius).

A XI Accessory

B IX Glosopharyngeal

C XII Hypoglossal

D X Vagus

E V Trigeminal

Question #37

Cranial nerve used to control muscles of tongue.

A IX Glosopharyngeal

B V Trigeminal

C XII Hypoglossal

D XI Accesory

E X Vagus

Question #38

Cranial nerve used to stimulate smooth muscle of gastrointestinal tract, and heart rate.

A X Vagus

B V Trigeminal

C IX Glosopharyngeal

D XI Accesory

E XII Hypoglossal

Question #39

Cranial nerve used to stimulate facial sensation and chewing.

A XI Accesory

B X Vagus

C V Trigeminal

D XII Hypoglossal

E IX Glosopharyngeal

Question #40

The entire nerve is surrounded by a tough fibrous sheath called the _________________.

A perineurium

B ectoneurium

C endoneurium

D epineurium

Question #41

The covering of a fascicle within a nerve is the __________________________.

A epineurium

B ectoneurium

C perineurium

D endoneurium

Question #42

An axon collateral from one neuron that circles back and synapses with a previous neuron describes _____________________________.

A a converging circuit.

B parallel processing.

C serial processing.

D a reverberating circuit.

Question #43

Which of the following most immediately encases the smallest component of a nerve?

A epineurium

B perineurium

C fascicle

D endoneurium

Question #44

Which cells provide the myelin sheath for neurons in the PNS?

A astrocytes

B microglial cells

C Schwann cells

D oligodendrocytes

Question #45

Myelin on axons functions to _______________________________.

A make the axons live longer.

B cover nodes of Ranvier.

C store nutrients (fat) for use by the neurons.

D speed the conduction and insulate neighboring axons from one another

Question #46

These glial cells surround the cell bodies of sensory neurons within ganglia of the PNS.

A microglia

B Schwann cells

C astrocytes

D satellite cells

Question #47

Which relatively rare type of neuron has two processes extending from opposite sides of the cell body?

A bipolar

B multipolar

C pseudounipolar

D unipolar

Question #48

Which of the following is the correct sequence of a reflex arc?

A effector, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, receptor

B receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector

C integration center, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, effector

D receptor, motor neuron, integration center, effector, sensory neuron

Question #49

Which cells provide the myelin sheath for neurons in the CNS?

A microglial cells

B astrocytes

C Schwann cells

D oligodendrocyctes

Question #50

Interneurons are found ___________________________.

A only in the visceral nervous system.

B only in the CNS.

C only in the PNS.

D only in the autonomic nervous system.

Question #51

Which cells are the macrophages of the CNS?

A ependymal cells

B satellite cells

C Schwann cells

D microglial cells

Question #52

The majority of neurons in the body are _____________________.

A unipolar

B bipolar

C pseudounipolar

D multipolar

Question #53

Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons?

A ability to survive without oxygen

B longevity

C inability to divide

D high metabolic rate

Question #54

Which of the following is NOT considered a special somatic sense?

A pain

B vision

C hearing

D equilibrium

Question #55

A somatic motor neuron carries ________________________.

A motor commands to the skeletal musculature.

B information from the skin to the CNS.

C information that signals muscle contraction in the organs in the ventral cavity.

D information, such as pain, from the viscera in the ventral cavity to the CNS.

Question #56

This neuronal region transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body.

A synapse

B cell body

C axon terminal

D dendrite

E axon

Question #57

This region of a neuron contains chromatophilic substance or Nissl bodies.

A cell body

B axon terminal

C synapse

D dendrite

E axon

Question #58

This part of the neuron may have branching collaterals.

A cell body

B axon

C dendrite

D synapse

E axon terminal

Question #59

This part of a neuron is a biosynthetic center and receptive region.

A axon

B synapse

C dendrite

D cell body

Question #60

These regions of the neuron direct electrical currents toward the cell body.

A axon terminal

B dendrite

C cell body

D axon

E synapse

Question #61

These regions of a neuron are characterized by numerous, short cytoplasmic extensions and are often referred to as receiving regions.

A synapse

B axon terminal

C cell body

D dendrite

E axon

Question #62

This region of the neuron contains a single nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm.

A cell body

B axon terminal

C dendrite

D synapse

Question #63

An axosomatic synapse occurs between the axon terminals of one neuron and the ________ of a proximal neuron.

A synapse

B cell body

C dendrite

D axon terminal

E axon

Question #64

Chemical signals diffuse between neurons at this location.

A axon terminal

B dendrite

C cell body

D axon

E synapse

Question #65

These regions of a neuron are also referred to as terminal boutons.

A synapse

B axon terminal

C dendrite

D cell body

E axon

Question #66

This tends to be the longest cytoplasmic projection from a neuron.

A axon terminal

B dendrite

C synapse

D cell body

E axon

Question #67

The _____________ of a presynaptic neuron associates with the dendrite of a postsynaptic neuron.

A synapse

B cell body

C axon

D dendrite

E axon terminal

Question #68

This is the site of communication between neurons.

A cell body

B axon

C dendrite

D synapse

E axon terminal

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Exam 2 Nervous System and Special Senses

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