Exam 2 Nervous System and Special Senses

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Question #1

The ear ossicles are the smallest bones in the human body.

A False

B True

Question #2

________________ collects sound waves and directs them into the ear.

A lobule

C auricle (pinna)

D pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

E external acoustic meatus

F tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Question #3

Which of the following structures is not part of the inner ear?

A vestibule of the ear

B tympanic membrane (eardrum)

C cochlea

D semicircular canals

Question #4

The _________________ is one of three ossicles in the middle ear in contact with the tympanic membrane (eardrum) that transmit sound to the rest of ossicles and inner ear.

A stapes

B malleus

C incus

Question #5

Which of the structures below provide a sense of directional balance?

A tympanic membrane

B cochlea

C semicircular canals

D pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

E cochlear nerve

Question #6

The ___________ helps to funnel sound into the ears better.

A external acoustic meatus

B tympanic membrane

C lobule

D auricle (pinna)

E Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

Question #7

The ________________ links the middle ear and pharynx.

A cochlear nerve

B pharyngotympanic tube

C semicircular canals

D tympanic membrane

E cochlea

Question #8

The malleus bone is also known as the __________________.

A anvil

B hammer

C stirrup

D chisel

Question #9

The _____________is the boundary between the external and middle ear.

A semicircular canals

B cochlea

C auditory tube

D tympanic membrane

Question #10

Receptors for hearing are located in the __________________.

A tympanic membrane

B auditory tube

C cochlea

D semicircular canals

Question #11

The stapes bone is also known as the ____________.

A chisel

B stirrup

C hammer

D anvil

Question #12

The auditory tube drains the middle ear and opens up into the nasopharynx. Since the two are connected an ear infection maybe turn into a sore throat or vice versa.

A False

B True

Question #13

________________ controls the pressure within the middle ear, making it equal with the air pressure outside the body.

A auditory ossicles

B semicircular canals

C external acoustic meatus

D cochlea

E auditory tube

Question #14

The ___________ functions as an entryway for sound waves, which get propelled toward the tympanic membrane.

A auditory ossicles

B auditory tube

C cochlea

D semicircular canals

E external acoustic meatus

Question #15

The incus bone is also known as ____________.

A hammer

B anvil

C chisel

D stirrup

Question #16

Transmits sound from the air to the ossicles in the middle ear.

A semicircular canals

B auditory tube

C cochlear nerve

D cochlea

E tympanic membrane

Question #17

The middle ear functions in _______________.

A both hearing and balance

B hearing

C balance

D transforming sound in neural message

Question #18

The nerves responsible for sending information about stimuli to your central nervous system are called ____________.

A both afferent and efferent nerves

B afferent nerves

C efferent nerves

Question #19

The inner ear functions in __________________.

A both hearing and balance

B hearing

C controling the pressure within the middle ear, making it equal with the air pressure outside the body.

D balance

Question #20

What is the structure that helps the eye maintain its shape?

A cornea

B sclera

C vitreous humor

D retina

E iris

Question #21

70% of the cerebral cortex is involved in processing visual information.

A False

B True

Question #22

Light enters the eye through the __________________.

A lens

B optic nerve

D iris

E pupil

F cornea

Question #23

_________________ responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil and thus the amount of light reaching the retina.

A iris

B sclera

C lens

D cornea

E choroid

Question #24

The nerves that carry signals away from the central nervous system in order to initiate an action are called ________________.

A both afferent and efferent nerves

B afferent nerves

C efferent nerves

Question #25

________________ transfers visual information from the retina to the vision centers of the brain via electrical impulses.

A vitreous humor

B iris

C posterior segment

D sclera

E optic nerve

Question #26

The ____________ change the focal distance of the eye so that it can focus on objects at various distances, thus allowing a sharp real image of the object of interest.

A vitreous humor

B lens

C retina

D pupil

E iris

Question #27

Coat of the eye that acts as a tough protection from injury, and provides attachment for the extraocular muscles that move the eye.

A vitreous humor

B cornea

C sclera

D optic nerve

E iris

Question #28

_________________ receives light that the lens has focused, convert the light into neural signals, and send these signals on to the brain for visual recognition.

A optic nerve

B cornea

C iris

D pupil

E retina

Question #29

______________ is filled with blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the eye.

A choroid

B lens

C iris

D cornea

E sclera

Question #30

_______________ shade the eyes from sunlight.

A eyelids

B conjunctiva

C eyelashes

D eyebrows

E iris

Question #31

_________________ are sensitive to being touched, thus providing a warning that an object is near the eye.

A eyebrows

B eyelids

C conjunctiva

D eyelashes

E iris

Question #32

Cranial nerve that transmits sensory information to your brain regarding smells you encounter.

A XII Hypoglossal

B VIII Vestibulochoclear

C V Trigeminal

D III Oculomotor

E I Olfactory

Question #33

Cranial nerve that controls your superior oblique muscle. This is the muscle that’s responsible for downward, outward, and inward eye movements.

A III Oculomotor

B IX Glosopharyngeal

C II Optic nerve

D IV Trochlear

E X Vagus

Question #34

Cranial nerve involve hearing and balance and track linear and rotational movement of your head.

A VIII Vestibulochoclear

B IV Trochlear

C XII Hypoglossal

D VII Facial

E VI Abducens

Question #35

Cranial nerve which stimulates voluntary movement of a muscle in the back of your throat called the stylopharyngeus used in swallowing.

A V Trigeminal

B X Vagus

C IX Glosopharyngeal

D XI Accesory

E XII Hypoglossal

Question #36

Cranial nerve used to control head movement (stimulating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius).

A X Vagus

B XII Hypoglossal

C XI Accessory

D V Trigeminal

E IX Glosopharyngeal

Question #37

Cranial nerve used to control muscles of tongue.

A XII Hypoglossal

B V Trigeminal

C XI Accesory

D X Vagus

E IX Glosopharyngeal

Question #38

Cranial nerve used to stimulate smooth muscle of gastrointestinal tract, and heart rate.

A XII Hypoglossal

B V Trigeminal

C X Vagus

D IX Glosopharyngeal

E XI Accesory

Question #39

Cranial nerve used to stimulate facial sensation and chewing.

A V Trigeminal

B XII Hypoglossal

C X Vagus

D IX Glosopharyngeal

E XI Accesory

Question #40

The entire nerve is surrounded by a tough fibrous sheath called the _________________.

A perineurium

B ectoneurium

C endoneurium

D epineurium

Question #41

The covering of a fascicle within a nerve is the __________________________.

A perineurium

B ectoneurium

C endoneurium

D epineurium

Question #42

An axon collateral from one neuron that circles back and synapses with a previous neuron describes _____________________________.

A a reverberating circuit.

B serial processing.

C a converging circuit.

D parallel processing.

Question #43

Which of the following most immediately encases the smallest component of a nerve?

A fascicle

B perineurium

C epineurium

D endoneurium

Question #44

Which cells provide the myelin sheath for neurons in the PNS?

A astrocytes

B Schwann cells

C oligodendrocytes

D microglial cells

Question #45

Myelin on axons functions to _______________________________.

A store nutrients (fat) for use by the neurons.

B cover nodes of Ranvier.

C speed the conduction and insulate neighboring axons from one another

D make the axons live longer.

Question #46

These glial cells surround the cell bodies of sensory neurons within ganglia of the PNS.

A Schwann cells

B microglia

C astrocytes

D satellite cells

Question #47

Which relatively rare type of neuron has two processes extending from opposite sides of the cell body?

A multipolar

B pseudounipolar

C bipolar

D unipolar

Question #48

Which of the following is the correct sequence of a reflex arc?

A receptor, motor neuron, integration center, effector, sensory neuron

B effector, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, receptor

C integration center, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, effector

D receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector

Question #49

Which cells provide the myelin sheath for neurons in the CNS?

A oligodendrocyctes

B Schwann cells

C astrocytes

D microglial cells

Question #50

Interneurons are found ___________________________.

A only in the visceral nervous system.

B only in the PNS.

C only in the autonomic nervous system.

D only in the CNS.

Question #51

Which cells are the macrophages of the CNS?

A satellite cells

B ependymal cells

C microglial cells

D Schwann cells

Question #52

The majority of neurons in the body are _____________________.

A bipolar

B unipolar

C multipolar

D pseudounipolar

Question #53

Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons?

A ability to survive without oxygen

B high metabolic rate

C inability to divide

D longevity

Question #54

Which of the following is NOT considered a special somatic sense?

A pain

B equilibrium

C hearing

D vision

Question #55

A somatic motor neuron carries ________________________.

A motor commands to the skeletal musculature.

B information that signals muscle contraction in the organs in the ventral cavity.

C information from the skin to the CNS.

D information, such as pain, from the viscera in the ventral cavity to the CNS.

Question #56

This neuronal region transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body.

A dendrite

B synapse

C axon terminal

D cell body

E axon

Question #57

This region of a neuron contains chromatophilic substance or Nissl bodies.

A dendrite

B axon

C synapse

D axon terminal

E cell body

Question #58

This part of the neuron may have branching collaterals.

A axon terminal

B dendrite

C cell body

D synapse

E axon

Question #59

This part of a neuron is a biosynthetic center and receptive region.

A dendrite

B synapse

C cell body

D axon

Question #60

These regions of the neuron direct electrical currents toward the cell body.

A synapse

B cell body

C axon terminal

D dendrite

E axon

Question #61

These regions of a neuron are characterized by numerous, short cytoplasmic extensions and are often referred to as receiving regions.

A axon terminal

B axon

C synapse

D dendrite

E cell body

Question #62

This region of the neuron contains a single nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm.

A dendrite

B synapse

C axon terminal

D cell body

Question #63

An axosomatic synapse occurs between the axon terminals of one neuron and the ________ of a proximal neuron.

A axon terminal

B dendrite

C synapse

D axon

E cell body

Question #64

Chemical signals diffuse between neurons at this location.

A dendrite

B axon

C cell body

D axon terminal

E synapse

Question #65

These regions of a neuron are also referred to as terminal boutons.

A axon terminal

B dendrite

C cell body

D synapse

E axon

Question #66

This tends to be the longest cytoplasmic projection from a neuron.

A dendrite

B synapse

C cell body

D axon

E axon terminal

Question #67

The _____________ of a presynaptic neuron associates with the dendrite of a postsynaptic neuron.

A axon terminal

B axon

C cell body

D dendrite

E synapse

Question #68

This is the site of communication between neurons.

A cell body

B dendrite

C synapse

D axon terminal

E axon

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Exam 2 Nervous System and Special Senses

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