Lecture Exam 1

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Question #1

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum contributes to the detoxification of drugs and harmful chemicals.

A True

B False

Question #2

There is no nucleus during prophase in the cell life cycle.

A True

B False

Question #3

During the “S” phase of the cell life cycle the plasma membrane separates.

A False

B True

Question #4

Chromatin is composed of DNA wound around proteins known as SNARES.

A True

B False

Question #5

The nucleolus serves as the cell’s ribosome – producing machine.

A True

B False

Question #6

Concave shape cells that provide surface area for uptake of the respiratory gases.

A Epithelial

B Erythrocyte

C Egg

D Fibroblast

Question #7

Cell that gather information.

A Macrophage

B Sperm

C Fat cells

D Neuron

E Fibroblast

Question #8

Which of the following cells fight disease?

A Neuron

B Macrophage

C Sperm

D Fat cells

E Fibroblast

Question #9

What cells store nutrients?

A Fibroblast

B Macrophage

C Fat cells

D Sperm

E Neuron

Question #10

Which of the following cells are involve in moving organs and body parts?

A Connective cells

B Smooth and skeletal muscle cells

C Nervous cells

D Epithelial cell

Question #11

Stage in the cell life cycle where the cell is metabolically active – grow – make proteins.

A G 2 phase or Gap 2 phase

B Mitosis

C G1 phase or Gap 1 phase

D S “Synthesis” phase

Question #12

Centrosomes of chromosomes split moving to the opposite poles of the cell.

A anaphase

B telophase

C prophase

D metaphase

Question #13

A new nuclear membrane forms.

A anaphase

B metaphase

C prophase

D telophase

Question #14

Chromatin threads condense into chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope and nucleus disappear.

A metaphase

B prophase

C telophase

D anaphase

Question #15

Chromosomes are line up in the middle of the cell during _______________.

A prophase

B telophase

C anaphase

D metaphase

Question #16

Which is not part of interphase?

A S “Synthesis” phase

B G1 phase or Gap 1 phase

C G 2 phase or Gap 2 phase

D Mitosis

Question #17

Mitosis refers only to nuclear division. Separation of the entire cell following mitosis is ________________________.

A karyokinetic

B telophase

C meiosis

D cytokinesis

Question #18

Final preparations for nuclear division are made during this stage of the cell life cycle, centrioles finish copying themselves, and enzymes needed for cell division are synthesized.

A S “Synthesis” phase

B G 2 phase or Gap 2 phase

C mitosis

D G1 phase or Gap 1 phase

Question #19

In the cell life cycle, DNA is replicated (duplicated) during _______________.

A Mitosis

B G1 phase or Gap 1 phase

C G 2 phase or Gap 2 phase

D S “Synthesis” phase

Question #20

In chromatin, the DNA molecule wraps around proteins called

A codons

B nucleotides

C integral protein

D histones

Question #21

Ribosomes may be either free within the cytoplasm or bound to a channeling system known as the _______________________.

A rough endoplasmic reticulum

B microtubule organizing center

C Golgi apparatus

D cytoskeleton

Question #22

Which organelle is necessary for karyokinesis (nuclear division)?

A plasma membrane

B microtubules

C centrioles

D nucleolus

Question #23

Which of the following is not a cytoskeleton element?

A microtubules

B microfilaments

C centrioles

D intermediate filaments

Question #24

Site of ribosomes subunits manufacture

A nucleus

B nucleolus

C smooth endoplasmic reticulum

D rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question #25

Function of the Golgi apparatus include all of the following except

A Modify proteins

B Sort proteins for secretion from the cell

C DNA replication

D Package proteins

Question #26

Cell organelle responsible for transmitting genetic information and providing the instructions for protein synthesis.

A Nucleolus

B Ribosomes

C Nucleus

D Chromatin

Question #27

Which of the following organelles is associated with protein synthesis?

A Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

B Ribosomes

C Chloroplast

D Mitochondrion

Question #28

Directs cellular activities by mean of genes located here.

A Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

B Ribosomes

C Nucleolus

D Nucleus

Question #29

Site of lipid and steroids synthesis.

A Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

B Ribosomes

C Rough endoplasmic reticulum

D Nucleus

Question #30

What organelle digest unwanted substances by the action of digestive enzymes?

A Lysosome

B Endoplasmic reticulum

C Peroxisomes

D Golgi apparatus

Question #31

Organelle that generates most of the cell energy through an aerobic process called cellular respiration.

A Peroxisomes

B Endoplasmic reticulum

C Mitochondrion

D Lysosome

Question #32

Which organelle is important in neutralizing free radicals and breakdown poisons?

A Peroxisomes

B Mitochondrion

C Lysosome

D Golgi apparatus

Question #33

Products of glands are secreted by ________________.

A Phagocytosis

B Exocytosis

C Osmosis

D Pinocytosis

Question #34

Endocytosis process which engulf the most specific type of molecules or materials within the cell “cell eating”. This is the method by which insulin and cholesterol enter cells.

A Pinocytosis

B Fluid-phase endocytosis

C Receptor-mediated endocytosis

D Exocytosis

Question #35

Endocytosis process in which tiny packets of fluid are brought into the cell “cell drinking”.

A Exocytosis

B Pinocytosis

C Receptor-mediated endocytosis

D Phagocytosis

Question #36

The synthesis of complex molecules from simple ones often requires energy.

A Chemical reactions

B Anabolism

C Catabolism

D Metabolism

Question #37

The sum of all chemical reactions.

A Energy

B Anabolism

C Metabolism

D Catabolism

Question #38

The breakdown of complex molecules to simple ones that usually releases energy.

A Metabolism

B Anabolism

C Catabolism

D chemical reactions

Question #39

Molecule known as “decoder” because transfer amino acids during protein synthesis.

A rRNA

B tRNA

C mRNA

D DNA

Question #40

Molecule known as the link between a gene and a protein.

A rRNA

B tRNA

C DNA

D mRNA

Question #41

Molecules which provide stability to the plasma membrane by limiting the movement of lipids.

A Peripheral proteins

B Glycolipids

C Glycoproteins

D Cholesterol

E Integral proteins

Question #42

Function of the plasma membrane include all of the following except.

A regulates passage of substances to and from the nucleus

B serves as an external cell barrier

C externally facing proteins act as receptor

D acts as a selectively permeable membrane

Question #43

Which of the following statements best describe eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

A Eukaryotic cells are more structurally complex than prokaryotic cells.

B Prokaryotic cells are typically multicellular while eukaryotic cells are unicellular.

C Eukaryotic cells have less DNA than prokaryotic cells

Question #44

Trans fat is a type of unsaturated fat that is even less healthy than saturated fats.

A True

B False

Question #45

Sulphur has an atomic number of _______.

A 15

B 17

C 14

D 16

E 13

Question #46

Aluminum has __________ electrons in the outermost electron shell.

A 10

B 1

C 5

D 3

E 13

Question #47

Aluminum has an atomic number of _______.

A 14

B 11

C 13

D 15

E 10

Question #48

Fats are usually of animal origin while oils are usually of plant origin.

A True

B False

Question #49

Emulsification is the breaking up of fat globules into smaller droplets by the action of bile salts produced by the liver.

A True

B False

Question #50

A hydrolysis reaction involves the loss of water.

A False

B True

Question #51

After lunch our digestive system will use the process of hydrolysis to break the food down into smaller subunits.

A True

B False

Question #52

The presence of a buffer in our blood is an example of homeostasis.

A True

B False

Question #53

Water makes up 50 % of total body weight.

A False

B True

Question #54

An element can be broken down by chemical means.

A False

B True

Question #55

The membranes of cells are composed of _______________________.

A phospholipids.

B fats.

C steroids.

D oils.

E triglycerides.

Question #56

Sex hormones belong to which category of lipids?

A phospholipids

B steroids

C oils

D triglycerides

E fats

Question #57

A fatty acid that contains only single bonds between the carbon atoms is considered

A trans unsaturated.

B unsaturated.

C saturated.

D a cholestrol.

E a steroid.

Question #58

How are fats, oils, phospholipids, and steroids alike?

A They all contain at least one carbon ring.

B They do not dissolve in water.

C They each contain a polar phosphate group.

D They are all solid at room temperature.

E They each contain only 1 fatty acid.

Question #59

A fat contains how many fatty acids?

A 3

B 2

C 1

D 4

E 5

Question #60

Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are alike in that __________________________________.

A they are all found in animals.

B they can all be digested by our bodies.

C they contain the same number of side chains.

D they have the same types of bonds between the monomer units.

E they are all made of glucose.

Question #61

Which polysaccharide is a plant complex carbohydrate? Hint: It is in potato ?

A glycogen

B chitin

C cellulose

D glucose

E starch

Question #62

Which of the following foods would be a good source of fiber?

A All of the possible options here are good sources of fiber

B whole wheat bread

C berries and granola

D pineapple

E apple

Question #63

What passes through the digestive tract as fiber or roughage?

A Starch

B glucose

C Glycogen

D Maltose

E Cellulose

Question #64

Which polysaccharide is stored as an energy source in the body of animals?

A glucose

B chitin

C glycogen

D cellulose

E starch

Question #65

Which of the following is not a MONOSACCHARIDE?

A starch

B fructose

C maltose

D galactose

E glucose

Question #66

Which of the following is not one of the four classes of organic molecules found in cells?

A carbohydrates

B vitamins

C proteins

D nucleic acids

E lipids

Question #67

Joining small molecules (monomers) together to form longer chains (polymers) requires a process called. Hint: This process lost water.

A dehydration reaction.

B disassembly.

C hydrolysis reaction.

D monomerization.

E emulsification.

Question #68

In an acidic solution ____________________________________________.

A the number of H+ is equal to the number of OH-.

B the number of H+ is less than the number of OH-.

C the number of H+ is 10 times less than the number of OH-.

D the number of H+ is greater than the number of OH-.

E the number of H+ is 3 times less than the number of OH-.

Question #69

William noticed water mysteriously climbing up a capillary tube. This is an example of which property of water?

A The temperature of liquid water rises and falls slowly.

B Water is a solvent.

C Water molecules are cohesive.

D Frozen water is less dense than liquid water.

E Water has a high heat of vaporization.

Question #70

Bond in which one element loses electrons and other gains electrons.

A ionic

B non-polar

C hydrogen

D covalent

E polar

Question #71

Atoms that share electrons have what type of bonds?

A neutral

B covalent

C hydrogen

D colloidal

E ionic

Question #72

A combination of two or more atoms of the same type is called

A a salt.

B an atomic unit.

C an isotope.

D an ion.

E a molecule.

Question #73

Isotopes of an element differ due to the number of _______________.

A Electrons

B Neutrons

C Neutrinos O

D Protons

E both protons and electrons

Question #74

Be (Beryllium) has an atomic number of 4 and an atomic mass of 9. How many protons does it have?

A 9

B 8

C 7

D 4

E 5

Question #75

The atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of

A electrons

B neutrons

C protons and neutrons

D protons.

Question #76

How many elements occur naturally?

A 64

B 6

C 92

D 112

E 32

Question #77

In an atom, the number of protons always equals the number.

A of quarks.

B of electrons.

C of neutrons and protons.

D of neutrinos.

E of neutrons.

Question #78

The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of that element is called

A a molecular bond.

B a neutrino.

C a nucleus.

D an isotope.

E an atom.

Question #79

Which organ system mounts attack against foreign substances in the body?

A Lymphatic

B Nervous

C Endocrine

D Urinary

E Reproductive

Question #80

Large molecules such as proteins are called

A cellular organelles.

B cells.

C macromolecules.

D multi-atom units.

Question #81

Which organ system consists of vessels that do not carry blood, but pick up fluids (and some cells) that are leaked from the blood?

A Cardiovascular

B urinary

C integumentary

D endocrine

E lymphatic

Question #82

An example of an organ is

A a fat cell.

B the cardiovascular system (but not the circulatory system).

C the intestine.

D epithelium.

Question #83

An example of a tissue in the body is

A a muscle cell.

B the stomach.

C epithelium.

D a macromolecule.

Question #84

The smallest living unit is

A an organ.

B a human being.

C a molecule.

D an atom.

E a cell.

Question #85

Hormones are regulatory proteins that are secreted by the __________ system.

A Urinary

B Lymphatic

C Nervous

D Endocrine

E Skeletal

Question #86

Which organ system regulates water, electrolyte, and acid – base balance?

A Endocrine

B Endocrine

C Respiratory

D Digestive

E Urinary

Question #87

Which organ system includes the site of cutaneous receptors?

A Muscular

B Nervous

C Integumentary

D Skeletal

E muscular

Question #88

Which of the following molecules are not macromolecules?

A Oxygen and carbon dioxide

B Proteins

C Carbohydrates

D nucleic acis

E Lipids

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