Quiz 1

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Question #1

Which type of defense involves an individual’s action, which is socially acceptable under the circumstances despite causing harm that the law would otherwise seek to prevent.

A Intoxication

B Necessity

C Justification Defense

D Duress

Question #2

The idea that an accused cannot be criminally responsible if the crime was the result of mental disease or mental defect is known as the:

A Durham rule

B racial test

C Hot Pursuit

D Exigent Circumstances

Question #3

Scholars have determined that officer stress is increased based upon which of the following:

A work-family conflict

B work environment

C all of the above

Question #4

Most mid to large departments will frequently have units such as vice, homicide, juvenile, and plainclothes officers, which are referred to as:

A Peacekeeping

B Law enforcement

C specialized units

Question #5

According to the theory of broken windows police should focus more on:

A maintaining order by being attentive to “little problems

B Focus on the more serious crimes

C Focus on drug related crimes

Question #6

Which of the following tests must recruits pass to become a police officer?

A written test

B racial test

C physical exam

D background check

Question #7

The practice of assigning individuals to night duty as to warn the public of crime that eventually evolved into a system of paid, uniform police.

A Law enforcement

B watch system

C Service

D Order maintenance

Question #8

Police officers who provide first aid, rescue animals, or help the homeless are fulfilling which of the following police functions?

A Law enforcement

B Peacekeeping

C Service

D Order maintenance

Question #9

Law enforcement agencies include all of the following except:

A Federal Bureau of Investigation

B Federal Bureau of prisons

C Customs and Border Protection

D Drug Enforcement Agency

Question #10

The accountability of an individual for a crime because of their characteristics and the circumstances of the illegal act is called

A civil infractions

B clearance rate

C differential response

D legal responsibility

Question #11

Minor offenses that are typically punishable by small fines and that produce no criminal record for the offender.

A Vice offense

B felonies

C capital offense

D civil infractions

Question #12

According to this rule, a suspect who, during a frisk, which is not justified by proper observation and reasonable suspicion, is found to be carrying drugs or weapons can seek to have the evidence excluded.

A actus reus

B exclusionary rule

C mala prohibita

D clearance rate

Question #13

Which of the following is a vice offense?

A Prostitution

B Battery

C Suicide

Question #14

The approach to policing that involves assigning priorities to various calls for service is known as:

A clearance rate

B differential response

C Grass Eaters

D police brutality

Question #15

The percentage of crimes that police believe they have solved through an arrest is called:

A clearance rate

B crime rate

C victim rate

Question #16

When there is an immediate threat to public safety or the risk that evidence will be destroyed , officers may search, arrest, or question suspects without obtaining a warrant.

A Search Incident to Arrest

B Exigent Circumstances

C consent

D Plain View

E Hot Pursuit

Question #17

A significant deprivation of liberty, involving taking a person into custody, transporting them to a police station or jail, and processing them into the criminal justice system, is called a(n):

A investigation

B arrest

C stop

Question #18

Police officers assigned for duty in schools to assist in order maintenance while also developing positive relationships with students that may assist in delinquency prevention are known as what type of officers:

A SRO (school resource officer)

B Investigation

C Community Work

D law enforcement

Question #19

This type of search allows officers to conduct a permissible warrantless search of a person, vehicle, home, or location after receiving permission from the person in question.

A Hot Pursuit

B consent

C Exigent Circumstances

D Plain View

E Search Incident to Arrest

Question #20

Which of the following must police officers seeking a warrant present to a judge?

A mala prohibita

B affidavit

C actus reus

D mala in se

Question #21

Nonprofit organization formed by major law enforcement executives’ associations to develop standards for police policies and practice; on request’ will review police agencies and award accreditation upon meeting those standards.

A the civilian review board

B Internal Affairs Unit

C Commission of Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA)

Question #22

A branch of a police department that receives and investigates complaints alleging violation of rules and policies on the part of officers.

A Internal Affairs Unit

B Commission of Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA)

C the civilian review board

Question #23

What U.S. Supreme Court case ruled that deadly force may not be used against an unarmed and fleeing suspect unless necessary to prevent their escape and unless the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of serious injury.

A United States v Leon (1984)

B Miranda v Arizona (1966)

C Delaware v Prouse

D tennessee v. garner(1985)

Question #24

Officers who participate in widespread corruption including drug smuggling and money laundering are called

A meat eaters

B police brutality

C Grass Eaters

Question #25

Oftentimes, citizens will form a committee to investigate complaints against the police, which are referred to as:

A Commission of Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA)

B Internal Affairs Unit

C the civilian review board

Question #26

This case ruled that random stops by law enforcement are not constitutional

A United States v Leon (1984)

B Miranda v Arizona (1966)

C tennessee v. garner(1985)

D Delaware v Prouse

Question #27

Which of the following is not one of the five factors that officers must take into account when exercising discretion?

A relationship between criminal/victim

B nature of crime

C departmental policy

D The rank of the responding officer

Question #28

A brief interference with a person’s freedom of movement with a duration that can be measured in minutes is called a(n):

A stop

B investigation

C arrest

Question #29

Officers who participate in small payoffs such as exchanging money for not writing a ticket are called:

A meat eaters

B police brutality

C Grass Eaters

Question #30

Officers who partake in a wide range of practices including abusive language, physical force, and/or violence are guilty of:

A police brutality

B Grass Eaters

C meat eaters

Question #31

In order for a stop to be permissible, officers must have

A reasonable suspicion

B proponderance of evidence

C probable cause

Question #32

Most police work is reactive, which means that police primarily:

A apprehending criminals

B investigating criminal activities

C respond to citizen calls for service

Question #33

Which court case determined that when officers act in good faith on a warrant, the evidence will not be excluded even if the warrant was issued improperly?

A Miranda v Arizona (1966)

B Delaware v Prouse

C tennessee v. garner(1985)

D United States v Leon (1984)

Question #34

Crimes that are committed and that are usually considered serious and are punished by more than a year in state or federal prison.

A felonies

B capital offense

Question #35

_______________________ are characterized by a division of labor, a chain of command, and rules to guide the activities of staff.

A bureaucracies

B Control

C felonies

Question #36

If victims wish to recoup their losses following a crime, they must rely on:

A property law

B criminal law

C civil law

Question #37

Which of the following indicates that for a crime to occur there must be an act of commission or omission by the accused?

A mala prohibita

B actus reus

C mala in se

Question #38

According to public opinion polls, which police function do citizens believe is most important?

A Order maintenance

B Service

C Peacekeeping

D law enforcement

Question #39

The police function of controlling crime by intervening in situations when the law has been violated and the police must apprehend the guilty person.

A Peacekeeping

B law enforcement

C Service

D Order maintenance

Question #40

Procedures criminal justice professionals must follow in enforcement, adjudication, and corrections are:

A substantive criminal law

B procedural criminal law

Question #41

Which layer of the criminal justice wedding cake consists of serious felonies?

A layer 2

B layer 3

C layer 1

Question #42

The concept of anomie refers to:

A A breakdown in the rules or norms of a society

B obedience to the existing laws of the land

Question #43

These individuals are at highest risk of victimization for violent crime, according to the lifestyle-exposure model?

A Latinos

B Asians

C Young, African-American males

Question #44

Crimes such as gambling or prostitution that are not “wrong in themselves” but are prohibited by government, are known as:

A Control

B mala prohibita

C mala in se

Question #45

Offenses that are considered wrong by their very nature are traditionally referred to as:

A Control

B mala prohibita

C mala in se

Question #46

_________________ theories postulate that criminal behavior occurs when the bonds that tie and individual to society are broken or weakened.

A mala in se

B Control

C mala prohibita

Question #47

A source of crime data from interviews conducted to gather on unreported as well as reported crimes is called:

A Bureau of Justice Statistics

B the National Crime Victimization Survey

Question #48

Longitudinal studies that follow individuals from childhood to adulthood in order to identify the factors associated with beginning, avoiding, continuing, or ceasing individual behavior.

A clearance rate

B life course theories

C civil infractions

Question #49

Which of the following statements is true concerning the UCR?

A The UCR provides a useful but incomplete picture of crime levels

B The UCR provides a complete picture of crime levels

Question #50

Actions that violate laws defining which socially harmful behaviors will be subject to the government’s power to impose punishments.

A crimes

B mala in se

C mala prohibita

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