Final Lecture Exam

A  hemolysin

B  enterotoxin

C  erythrogenic toxin

D  exfoliative toxin

E  toxic shock syndrome toxin

A  human to human

B  animal to human

C  fomites to human

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  soil to human

A  furuncles and carbuncles

B  scalded skin syndrome

C  meningitis

D  acne

E  impetigo

A  lack spores

B  have capsules

C  produce coagulase

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  are motile

A  Blood

B  Mechanical vectors

C  Direct contact

D  Body fluids

E  Fomites

A  shingles

B  chickenpox

C  herpes keratitis

D  herpes labialis

E  infectious mononucleosis

A  is caused by Parvovirus B19

B  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

E  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

A  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

B  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

C  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

D  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

E  Has a clear discharge

A  Is given in early childhood

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  Contains toxoids

D  Protects against three different viral diseases

E  Contains attenuated virus

A  catalase

B  exfoliative toxinA

C  staphylokinase

D    

E  lactase

F  exfoliative toxinB

A  a rash appears on the fourth day

B  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

C  causes roseola in infants and young children

D  starts with a high fever

E  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

A  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

B  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

C  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

A  Ivermectin treatment

B  Wear insect repellent

C  Prophylactic antibiotics

D  Good hygiene

A  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

B  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

C  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

D  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

A  Labeledcomplementary DNA

B  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

C  Labeledcomplementary RNA

D  Labeled identicalDNA

A  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

B  Immunelectrophoresis

C  Weil-Felix

D  Western blot

E  Immunochromatography

A  sensitivity

B  agglutination

C  specificity

D  precipitation

E  cross reaction

A  Agglutination

B  Precipitation

C  Cross reaction

D  Sensitivity

E  Specificity

A  agglutination

B  cross reaction

C  specificity

D  sensitivity

E  precipitation

A  Treponema pallidum

B  Pseudomonas

C  Clostridium

D  Streptococcus

E  Salmonella

A  Agglutination

B  Specificity

C  Cross reactions

D  Sensitivity

E  Precipitation

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

C  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

D  two known antibodies andone known antigen

E  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

A  hypograft

B  xenograft

C  allograft

D  isograft

E  autograft

A  can never have an Rh+ baby

B  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

C  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

D  inherited two dominant genes

E  All of thechoices are correct.

A  Involves an immune complex reaction

B  Serum sickness is a systemic response

C  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

D  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

E  The Arthus reaction is a local response

A  Immune complex mediated

B  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

C  Antibody mediated

D  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

E  Anaphylaxis

A  epidemiology

B  immunopathology

C  hemopathology

D  humoralpathology

E  histopathology

A  constant region

B  variable region

C  light region

D  joining region

E  hinge region

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

C  located in the thymus gland

D  found on the third chromosome

E  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

A  None of the choices are correct.

B  superantigens

C  autoantigens

D  allergens

E  heterophilic antigens

A  function in allergic reactions

B  suppress immune reactions

C  secrete antibodies

D  directly destroy target cells

E  activate B cells and other T cells

A  stimulates hematopoiesis

B  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

C  increases metabolism

D  increases phagocytosis

E  increases the availability of iron

A  leukotrines

B  pyrogens

C  complement

D  interferons

E  lysozymes

A  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

B  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

C  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

D  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Phagocytosis

B  Adhesion

C  Margination

D  Exocytosis

E  Encapsulation

A  nephrotoxicity

B  synergism

C  chemotherapy

D  prophylaxis

E  selective toxicity

A  false

B  true

A  cephalosporin

B  erythromycin

C  vancomycin

D  isoniazid

E  penicillin

A  moist heat autoclave

B  chlorination

C  pasteurization

D  hydrogen peroxide

E  boiling water

A  100°C for 30 minutes

B  71.6°C for 15 seconds

C  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

D  160°C for 2 hours

E  63°C for 30 minutes

A  Formaldehyde

B  Ethylene dioxide

C  Ultraviolet light

D  Moist heat

E  X rays

A  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

B  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

B  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

C  Found within nucleotides

D  Include adenine and guanine

E  Are nitrogenous bases

A  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

B  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

C  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

D  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

A  genome

B  proteome

C  genotype

D  proteotype

E  phenotype

A  false

B  true

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

A  Preparation for Krebs cycle

B  Krebs cycle

C  Electron transport system

D  Glycolysis

A  24 ATP

B  3 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  42 ATP

E  38 ATP

A  3 ATP

B  36 ATP

C  38 ATP

D  2 ATP

E  24 ATP

A  4

B  6

C  5

D  3

A  carbon dioxide

B  high salt

C  temperatures above 37°C

D  oxygen

E  high acidity

A  CH 4

B  H 2O

C  NH 3

D  CO 2

E  Glucose

A  osmotic pressure

B  carrier proteins in the membrane

C  substrate concentration

D  the size of the cell

E  size of the pores in the membrane

A  capsomeres

B  envelopes

C  spikes

D  peplomers

E  prophages

A  All of the choices infect bacteria.

B  prions

C  satellite viruses

D  bacteriophages

E  viroids

A  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

D  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  cytopathic

B  inclusion bodies

C  chronic latent viruses

D  syncytia

E  oncoviruses

A  inclusion bodies

B  syncytia

C  chronic latent viruses

D  cytopathic

E  oncoviruses

A  resistant to destruction by radiation

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

D  living structures

E  metabolically inactive

A  true

B  false

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

D  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Filament, hook, basal body

B  Basal body, hook, filament

C  Hook, basal body, filament

D  Basal body, filament, hook

E  Filament, basal body, hook

A  fastidious

B  anaerobic

C  aerobic

D  autotrophic

E  microaerophilic

A  Ignaz Semmelweis

B  Louis Pasteur

C  Joseph Lister

D  Robert Koch

E  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

A  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

B  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

C  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

D  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

E  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

A  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

B  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

C  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

D  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

A  infectious particles

B  protozoa

C  parasitic worms

D  bacteria

E  molds

A  fructose

B  glucose

C  ribose

D  deoxyribose

E  glycogen