Final Lecture Exam

A  hemolysin

B  enterotoxin

C  erythrogenic toxin

D  toxic shock syndrome toxin

E  exfoliative toxin

A  soil to human

B  human to human

C  fomites to human

D  animal to human

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  scalded skin syndrome

B  furuncles and carbuncles

C  meningitis

D  acne

E  impetigo

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  have capsules

C  produce coagulase

D  lack spores

E  are motile

A  Blood

B  Direct contact

C  Body fluids

D  Mechanical vectors

E  Fomites

A  infectious mononucleosis

B  herpes keratitis

C  shingles

D  chickenpox

E  herpes labialis

A  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

B  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

C  is caused by Parvovirus B19

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

A  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

B  Has a clear discharge

C  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

D  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

E  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

A  Contains toxoids

B  Protects against three different viral diseases

C  Is given in early childhood

D  Contains attenuated virus

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  lactase

B  staphylokinase

C  exfoliative toxinB

D  catalase

E  exfoliative toxinA

F    

A  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

B  a rash appears on the fourth day

C  causes roseola in infants and young children

D  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

E  starts with a high fever

A  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

D  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

E  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

A  Prophylactic antibiotics

B  Good hygiene

C  Wear insect repellent

D  Ivermectin treatment

A  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

B  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

C  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

D  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

A  Labeledcomplementary DNA

B  Labeled identicalDNA

C  Labeledcomplementary RNA

D  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

A  Immunelectrophoresis

B  Weil-Felix

C  Immunochromatography

D  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

E  Western blot

A  sensitivity

B  precipitation

C  agglutination

D  cross reaction

E  specificity

A  Sensitivity

B  Precipitation

C  Cross reaction

D  Specificity

E  Agglutination

A  agglutination

B  sensitivity

C  specificity

D  cross reaction

E  precipitation

A  Treponema pallidum

B  Clostridium

C  Pseudomonas

D  Salmonella

E  Streptococcus

A  Agglutination

B  Specificity

C  Cross reactions

D  Sensitivity

E  Precipitation

A  two known antibodies andone known antigen

B  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

E  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

A  allograft

B  hypograft

C  xenograft

D  autograft

E  isograft

A  can never have an Rh+ baby

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

D  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

E  inherited two dominant genes

A  Involves an immune complex reaction

B  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

C  The Arthus reaction is a local response

D  Serum sickness is a systemic response

E  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

A  Antibody mediated

B  Immune complex mediated

C  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

D  Anaphylaxis

E  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

A  hemopathology

B  humoralpathology

C  epidemiology

D  histopathology

E  immunopathology

A  constant region

B  hinge region

C  joining region

D  light region

E  variable region

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  located in the thymus gland

C  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

D  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

E  found on the third chromosome

A  heterophilic antigens

B  superantigens

C  autoantigens

D  allergens

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  secrete antibodies

B  function in allergic reactions

C  activate B cells and other T cells

D  suppress immune reactions

E  directly destroy target cells

A  increases phagocytosis

B  stimulates hematopoiesis

C  increases the availability of iron

D  increases metabolism

E  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

A  lysozymes

B  complement

C  leukotrines

D  pyrogens

E  interferons

A  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

B  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

C  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

D  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

A  Encapsulation

B  Margination

C  Exocytosis

D  Phagocytosis

E  Adhesion

A  chemotherapy

B  prophylaxis

C  nephrotoxicity

D  synergism

E  selective toxicity

A  false

B  true

A  erythromycin

B  penicillin

C  cephalosporin

D  vancomycin

E  isoniazid

A  hydrogen peroxide

B  pasteurization

C  boiling water

D  chlorination

E  moist heat autoclave

A  63°C for 30 minutes

B  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

C  160°C for 2 hours

D  71.6°C for 15 seconds

E  100°C for 30 minutes

A  Ultraviolet light

B  X rays

C  Ethylene dioxide

D  Formaldehyde

E  Moist heat

A  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

C  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Are nitrogenous bases

B  Found within nucleotides

C  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

D  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

E  Include adenine and guanine

A  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

B  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

C  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

D  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

A  proteotype

B  proteome

C  genome

D  genotype

E  phenotype

A  true

B  false

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

A  Glycolysis

B  Electron transport system

C  Preparation for Krebs cycle

D  Krebs cycle

A  38 ATP

B  3 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  42 ATP

E  24 ATP

A  2 ATP

B  24 ATP

C  38 ATP

D  36 ATP

E  3 ATP

A  5

B  4

C  3

D  6

A  high acidity

B  temperatures above 37°C

C  oxygen

D  high salt

E  carbon dioxide

A  H 2O

B  Glucose

C  CH 4

D  CO 2

E  NH 3

A  the size of the cell

B  osmotic pressure

C  size of the pores in the membrane

D  carrier proteins in the membrane

E  substrate concentration

A  envelopes

B  prophages

C  spikes

D  capsomeres

E  peplomers

A  satellite viruses

B  bacteriophages

C  prions

D  viroids

E  All of the choices infect bacteria.

A  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

A  syncytia

B  inclusion bodies

C  oncoviruses

D  cytopathic

E  chronic latent viruses

A  chronic latent viruses

B  syncytia

C  cytopathic

D  inclusion bodies

E  oncoviruses

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  resistant to destruction by radiation

C  metabolically inactive

D  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

E  living structures

A  false

B  true

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

D  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Filament, hook, basal body

B  Filament, basal body, hook

C  Basal body, hook, filament

D  Hook, basal body, filament

E  Basal body, filament, hook

A  fastidious

B  autotrophic

C  anaerobic

D  microaerophilic

E  aerobic

A  Robert Koch

B  Ignaz Semmelweis

C  Louis Pasteur

D  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

E  Joseph Lister

A  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

B  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

C  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

D  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

E  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

A  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

B  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

C  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

D  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

A  protozoa

B  parasitic worms

C  molds

D  infectious particles

E  bacteria

A  fructose

B  glucose

C  deoxyribose

D  ribose

E  glycogen