Final Lecture Exam

A  toxic shock syndrome toxin

B  erythrogenic toxin

C  hemolysin

D  enterotoxin

E  exfoliative toxin

A  human to human

B  animal to human

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  fomites to human

E  soil to human

A  scalded skin syndrome

B  impetigo

C  acne

D  furuncles and carbuncles

E  meningitis

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  are motile

C  produce coagulase

D  lack spores

E  have capsules

A  Fomites

B  Blood

C  Body fluids

D  Mechanical vectors

E  Direct contact

A  herpes labialis

B  shingles

C  chickenpox

D  infectious mononucleosis

E  herpes keratitis

A  is caused by Parvovirus B19

B  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

C  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

D  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

B  Has a clear discharge

C  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

D  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

E  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

A  Is given in early childhood

B  Contains toxoids

C  Contains attenuated virus

D  Protects against three different viral diseases

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  exfoliative toxinA

B  lactase

C  staphylokinase

D  catalase

E    

F  exfoliative toxinB

A  causes roseola in infants and young children

B  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

C  a rash appears on the fourth day

D  starts with a high fever

E  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

A  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

B  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

C  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

D  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  Prophylactic antibiotics

B  Ivermectin treatment

C  Wear insect repellent

D  Good hygiene

A  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

B  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

C  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

D  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

A  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

B  Labeled identicalDNA

C  Labeledcomplementary RNA

D  Labeledcomplementary DNA

A  Immunochromatography

B  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

C  Western blot

D  Weil-Felix

E  Immunelectrophoresis

A  sensitivity

B  precipitation

C  cross reaction

D  specificity

E  agglutination

A  Agglutination

B  Precipitation

C  Specificity

D  Cross reaction

E  Sensitivity

A  precipitation

B  agglutination

C  cross reaction

D  specificity

E  sensitivity

A  Salmonella

B  Streptococcus

C  Pseudomonas

D  Clostridium

E  Treponema pallidum

A  Agglutination

B  Cross reactions

C  Sensitivity

D  Precipitation

E  Specificity

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  two known antibodies andone known antigen

C  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

D  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

E  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

A  autograft

B  hypograft

C  allograft

D  xenograft

E  isograft

A  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  inherited two dominant genes

D  can never have an Rh+ baby

E  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

A  Involves an immune complex reaction

B  The Arthus reaction is a local response

C  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

D  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

E  Serum sickness is a systemic response

A  Anaphylaxis

B  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

C  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

D  Immune complex mediated

E  Antibody mediated

A  histopathology

B  epidemiology

C  humoralpathology

D  hemopathology

E  immunopathology

A  variable region

B  hinge region

C  light region

D  constant region

E  joining region

A  found on the third chromosome

B  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

C  All of thechoices are correct.

D  located in the thymus gland

E  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

A  autoantigens

B  superantigens

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  heterophilic antigens

E  allergens

A  suppress immune reactions

B  secrete antibodies

C  activate B cells and other T cells

D  directly destroy target cells

E  function in allergic reactions

A  stimulates hematopoiesis

B  increases metabolism

C  increases the availability of iron

D  increases phagocytosis

E  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

A  complement

B  lysozymes

C  pyrogens

D  interferons

E  leukotrines

A  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

B  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

C  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

D  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Phagocytosis

B  Exocytosis

C  Encapsulation

D  Adhesion

E  Margination

A  selective toxicity

B  chemotherapy

C  synergism

D  nephrotoxicity

E  prophylaxis

A  true

B  false

A  penicillin

B  vancomycin

C  erythromycin

D  isoniazid

E  cephalosporin

A  boiling water

B  pasteurization

C  moist heat autoclave

D  hydrogen peroxide

E  chlorination

A  100°C for 30 minutes

B  160°C for 2 hours

C  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

D  63°C for 30 minutes

E  71.6°C for 15 seconds

A  Formaldehyde

B  Moist heat

C  Ethylene dioxide

D  Ultraviolet light

E  X rays

A  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

B  Are nitrogenous bases

C  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

D  Include adenine and guanine

E  Found within nucleotides

A  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

B  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

C  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

D  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

A  phenotype

B  proteome

C  genotype

D  genome

E  proteotype

A  true

B  false

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  Electron transport system

B  Glycolysis

C  Krebs cycle

D  Preparation for Krebs cycle

A  38 ATP

B  42 ATP

C  24 ATP

D  3 ATP

E  2 ATP

A  38 ATP

B  2 ATP

C  36 ATP

D  3 ATP

E  24 ATP

A  3

B  6

C  5

D  4

A  carbon dioxide

B  high salt

C  oxygen

D  temperatures above 37°C

E  high acidity

A  CO 2

B  NH 3

C  Glucose

D  CH 4

E  H 2O

A  carrier proteins in the membrane

B  substrate concentration

C  size of the pores in the membrane

D  osmotic pressure

E  the size of the cell

A  peplomers

B  capsomeres

C  spikes

D  envelopes

E  prophages

A  prions

B  satellite viruses

C  bacteriophages

D  All of the choices infect bacteria.

E  viroids

A  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

B  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  cytopathic

B  syncytia

C  chronic latent viruses

D  inclusion bodies

E  oncoviruses

A  cytopathic

B  syncytia

C  chronic latent viruses

D  inclusion bodies

E  oncoviruses

A  living structures

B  resistant to destruction by radiation

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  metabolically inactive

E  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

A  true

B  false

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

C  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

D  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

A  Filament, hook, basal body

B  Basal body, filament, hook

C  Basal body, hook, filament

D  Hook, basal body, filament

E  Filament, basal body, hook

A  microaerophilic

B  anaerobic

C  aerobic

D  autotrophic

E  fastidious

A  Ignaz Semmelweis

B  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

C  Louis Pasteur

D  Joseph Lister

E  Robert Koch

A  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

B  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

C  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

D  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

E  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

A  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

B  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

C  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

D  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

A  infectious particles

B  bacteria

C  parasitic worms

D  protozoa

E  molds

A  glucose

B  deoxyribose

C  fructose

D  ribose

E  glycogen