Final Lecture Exam

A  toxic shock syndrome toxin

B  erythrogenic toxin

C  enterotoxin

D  hemolysin

E  exfoliative toxin

A  soil to human

B  animal to human

C  human to human

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  fomites to human

A  scalded skin syndrome

B  meningitis

C  acne

D  furuncles and carbuncles

E  impetigo

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  are motile

C  produce coagulase

D  have capsules

E  lack spores

A  Blood

B  Mechanical vectors

C  Direct contact

D  Fomites

E  Body fluids

A  herpes keratitis

B  shingles

C  infectious mononucleosis

D  chickenpox

E  herpes labialis

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

C  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

D  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

E  is caused by Parvovirus B19

A  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

B  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

C  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

D  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

E  Has a clear discharge

A  Contains toxoids

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  Contains attenuated virus

D  Is given in early childhood

E  Protects against three different viral diseases

A  catalase

B  exfoliative toxinB

C  lactase

D    

E  exfoliative toxinA

F  staphylokinase

A  starts with a high fever

B  a rash appears on the fourth day

C  causes roseola in infants and young children

D  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

E  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

C  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

D  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

E  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

A  Good hygiene

B  Prophylactic antibiotics

C  Wear insect repellent

D  Ivermectin treatment

A  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

B  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

C  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

D  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

A  Labeled identicalDNA

B  Labeledcomplementary RNA

C  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

D  Labeledcomplementary DNA

A  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

B  Western blot

C  Weil-Felix

D  Immunochromatography

E  Immunelectrophoresis

A  cross reaction

B  specificity

C  sensitivity

D  agglutination

E  precipitation

A  Precipitation

B  Sensitivity

C  Cross reaction

D  Agglutination

E  Specificity

A  cross reaction

B  precipitation

C  agglutination

D  sensitivity

E  specificity

A  Streptococcus

B  Salmonella

C  Treponema pallidum

D  Clostridium

E  Pseudomonas

A  Precipitation

B  Agglutination

C  Cross reactions

D  Specificity

E  Sensitivity

A  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  two known antibodies andone known antigen

D  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

E  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

A  autograft

B  isograft

C  hypograft

D  xenograft

E  allograft

A  can never have an Rh+ baby

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  inherited two dominant genes

D  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

E  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

A  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

B  Involves an immune complex reaction

C  Serum sickness is a systemic response

D  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

E  The Arthus reaction is a local response

A  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

B  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

C  Immune complex mediated

D  Antibody mediated

E  Anaphylaxis

A  epidemiology

B  histopathology

C  immunopathology

D  humoralpathology

E  hemopathology

A  joining region

B  light region

C  variable region

D  constant region

E  hinge region

A  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  located in the thymus gland

D  found on the third chromosome

E  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

A  superantigens

B  heterophilic antigens

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  allergens

E  autoantigens

A  function in allergic reactions

B  secrete antibodies

C  directly destroy target cells

D  suppress immune reactions

E  activate B cells and other T cells

A  increases phagocytosis

B  increases metabolism

C  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

D  increases the availability of iron

E  stimulates hematopoiesis

A  complement

B  leukotrines

C  lysozymes

D  pyrogens

E  interferons

A  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

B  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

C  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

D  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Exocytosis

B  Margination

C  Encapsulation

D  Phagocytosis

E  Adhesion

A  synergism

B  prophylaxis

C  selective toxicity

D  chemotherapy

E  nephrotoxicity

A  false

B  true

A  erythromycin

B  isoniazid

C  penicillin

D  cephalosporin

E  vancomycin

A  pasteurization

B  chlorination

C  moist heat autoclave

D  hydrogen peroxide

E  boiling water

A  63°C for 30 minutes

B  71.6°C for 15 seconds

C  160°C for 2 hours

D  100°C for 30 minutes

E  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

A  Ultraviolet light

B  Formaldehyde

C  Ethylene dioxide

D  Moist heat

E  X rays

A  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Include adenine and guanine

B  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

C  Found within nucleotides

D  Are nitrogenous bases

E  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

A  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

B  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

C  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

D  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

A  genotype

B  proteotype

C  proteome

D  phenotype

E  genome

A  false

B  true

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  Preparation for Krebs cycle

B  Krebs cycle

C  Electron transport system

D  Glycolysis

A  3 ATP

B  42 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  24 ATP

E  38 ATP

A  24 ATP

B  3 ATP

C  36 ATP

D  38 ATP

E  2 ATP

A  5

B  3

C  6

D  4

A  temperatures above 37°C

B  oxygen

C  high salt

D  carbon dioxide

E  high acidity

A  CO 2

B  NH 3

C  CH 4

D  H 2O

E  Glucose

A  osmotic pressure

B  size of the pores in the membrane

C  the size of the cell

D  substrate concentration

E  carrier proteins in the membrane

A  peplomers

B  prophages

C  spikes

D  envelopes

E  capsomeres

A  All of the choices infect bacteria.

B  viroids

C  bacteriophages

D  satellite viruses

E  prions

A  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

C  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  cytopathic

B  inclusion bodies

C  chronic latent viruses

D  oncoviruses

E  syncytia

A  syncytia

B  cytopathic

C  inclusion bodies

D  chronic latent viruses

E  oncoviruses

A  living structures

B  resistant to destruction by radiation

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  metabolically inactive

E  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

A  false

B  true

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

D  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Filament, hook, basal body

B  Filament, basal body, hook

C  Hook, basal body, filament

D  Basal body, hook, filament

E  Basal body, filament, hook

A  fastidious

B  autotrophic

C  aerobic

D  anaerobic

E  microaerophilic

A  Robert Koch

B  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

C  Louis Pasteur

D  Joseph Lister

E  Ignaz Semmelweis

A  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

B  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

C  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

D  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

E  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

A  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

B  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

C  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

D  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

A  parasitic worms

B  bacteria

C  protozoa

D  infectious particles

E  molds

A  fructose

B  deoxyribose

C  ribose

D  glycogen

E  glucose