Final Lecture Exam

A  hemolysin

B  erythrogenic toxin

C  enterotoxin

D  exfoliative toxin

E  toxic shock syndrome toxin

A  soil to human

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  human to human

D  animal to human

E  fomites to human

A  acne

B  furuncles and carbuncles

C  meningitis

D  impetigo

E  scalded skin syndrome

A  are motile

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  produce coagulase

D  have capsules

E  lack spores

A  Fomites

B  Mechanical vectors

C  Blood

D  Direct contact

E  Body fluids

A  herpes labialis

B  infectious mononucleosis

C  chickenpox

D  herpes keratitis

E  shingles

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

C  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

D  is caused by Parvovirus B19

E  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

A  Has a clear discharge

B  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

C  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

D  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

E  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

A  Is given in early childhood

B  Contains attenuated virus

C  Protects against three different viral diseases

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  Contains toxoids

A  exfoliative toxinA

B    

C  staphylokinase

D  exfoliative toxinB

E  lactase

F  catalase

A  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

B  a rash appears on the fourth day

C  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

D  starts with a high fever

E  causes roseola in infants and young children

A  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

B  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

E  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

A  Prophylactic antibiotics

B  Wear insect repellent

C  Ivermectin treatment

D  Good hygiene

A  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

B  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

C  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

D  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

A  Labeledcomplementary DNA

B  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

C  Labeled identicalDNA

D  Labeledcomplementary RNA

A  Immunelectrophoresis

B  Immunochromatography

C  Weil-Felix

D  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

E  Western blot

A  precipitation

B  agglutination

C  sensitivity

D  cross reaction

E  specificity

A  Specificity

B  Precipitation

C  Agglutination

D  Cross reaction

E  Sensitivity

A  precipitation

B  specificity

C  cross reaction

D  sensitivity

E  agglutination

A  Salmonella

B  Clostridium

C  Treponema pallidum

D  Streptococcus

E  Pseudomonas

A  Precipitation

B  Cross reactions

C  Specificity

D  Agglutination

E  Sensitivity

A  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

B  two known antibodies andone known antigen

C  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

A  hypograft

B  autograft

C  allograft

D  isograft

E  xenograft

A  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  can never have an Rh+ baby

D  inherited two dominant genes

E  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

A  Serum sickness is a systemic response

B  Involves an immune complex reaction

C  The Arthus reaction is a local response

D  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

E  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

A  Anaphylaxis

B  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

C  Antibody mediated

D  Immune complex mediated

E  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

A  hemopathology

B  epidemiology

C  humoralpathology

D  histopathology

E  immunopathology

A  light region

B  variable region

C  joining region

D  hinge region

E  constant region

A  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

D  located in the thymus gland

E  found on the third chromosome

A  autoantigens

B  superantigens

C  allergens

D  heterophilic antigens

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  function in allergic reactions

B  secrete antibodies

C  suppress immune reactions

D  directly destroy target cells

E  activate B cells and other T cells

A  stimulates hematopoiesis

B  increases the availability of iron

C  increases metabolism

D  increases phagocytosis

E  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

A  pyrogens

B  complement

C  leukotrines

D  interferons

E  lysozymes

A  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

B  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

C  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

D  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Encapsulation

B  Phagocytosis

C  Adhesion

D  Exocytosis

E  Margination

A  nephrotoxicity

B  selective toxicity

C  chemotherapy

D  synergism

E  prophylaxis

A  false

B  true

A  penicillin

B  isoniazid

C  vancomycin

D  cephalosporin

E  erythromycin

A  hydrogen peroxide

B  boiling water

C  pasteurization

D  chlorination

E  moist heat autoclave

A  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

B  63°C for 30 minutes

C  71.6°C for 15 seconds

D  100°C for 30 minutes

E  160°C for 2 hours

A  Ultraviolet light

B  Ethylene dioxide

C  Moist heat

D  Formaldehyde

E  X rays

A  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

B  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Are nitrogenous bases

B  Found within nucleotides

C  Include adenine and guanine

D  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

E  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

A  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

B  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

C  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

D  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

A  phenotype

B  proteome

C  genotype

D  proteotype

E  genome

A  false

B  true

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

A  Krebs cycle

B  Preparation for Krebs cycle

C  Electron transport system

D  Glycolysis

A  42 ATP

B  38 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  24 ATP

E  3 ATP

A  24 ATP

B  2 ATP

C  38 ATP

D  36 ATP

E  3 ATP

A  5

B  4

C  3

D  6

A  high salt

B  high acidity

C  carbon dioxide

D  temperatures above 37°C

E  oxygen

A  Glucose

B  CO 2

C  H 2O

D  NH 3

E  CH 4

A  carrier proteins in the membrane

B  size of the pores in the membrane

C  the size of the cell

D  osmotic pressure

E  substrate concentration

A  prophages

B  spikes

C  peplomers

D  envelopes

E  capsomeres

A  viroids

B  satellite viruses

C  All of the choices infect bacteria.

D  prions

E  bacteriophages

A  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

C  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  syncytia

B  cytopathic

C  chronic latent viruses

D  oncoviruses

E  inclusion bodies

A  chronic latent viruses

B  syncytia

C  oncoviruses

D  inclusion bodies

E  cytopathic

A  metabolically inactive

B  living structures

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

E  resistant to destruction by radiation

A  true

B  false

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

B  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

D  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Filament, hook, basal body

B  Basal body, hook, filament

C  Basal body, filament, hook

D  Filament, basal body, hook

E  Hook, basal body, filament

A  anaerobic

B  microaerophilic

C  autotrophic

D  fastidious

E  aerobic

A  Joseph Lister

B  Robert Koch

C  Ignaz Semmelweis

D  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

E  Louis Pasteur

A  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

B  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

C  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

D  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

E  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

A  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

B  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

C  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

D  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

A  protozoa

B  bacteria

C  infectious particles

D  molds

E  parasitic worms

A  ribose

B  glycogen

C  glucose

D  deoxyribose

E  fructose