Final Lecture Exam

A  toxic shock syndrome toxin

B  exfoliative toxin

C  enterotoxin

D  erythrogenic toxin

E  hemolysin

A  soil to human

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  human to human

D  animal to human

E  fomites to human

A  meningitis

B  impetigo

C  furuncles and carbuncles

D  acne

E  scalded skin syndrome

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  produce coagulase

C  have capsules

D  lack spores

E  are motile

A  Body fluids

B  Blood

C  Mechanical vectors

D  Direct contact

E  Fomites

A  infectious mononucleosis

B  chickenpox

C  herpes keratitis

D  herpes labialis

E  shingles

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

C  is caused by Parvovirus B19

D  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

E  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

A  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

B  Has a clear discharge

C  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

D  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

E  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

A  Is given in early childhood

B  Contains toxoids

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  Protects against three different viral diseases

E  Contains attenuated virus

A  lactase

B  exfoliative toxinA

C  exfoliative toxinB

D    

E  staphylokinase

F  catalase

A  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

B  causes roseola in infants and young children

C  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

D  a rash appears on the fourth day

E  starts with a high fever

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

C  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

D  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

E  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

A  Ivermectin treatment

B  Prophylactic antibiotics

C  Wear insect repellent

D  Good hygiene

A  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

B  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

C  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

D  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

A  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

B  Labeledcomplementary DNA

C  Labeledcomplementary RNA

D  Labeled identicalDNA

A  Immunelectrophoresis

B  Weil-Felix

C  Western blot

D  Immunochromatography

E  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

A  sensitivity

B  precipitation

C  cross reaction

D  specificity

E  agglutination

A  Agglutination

B  Precipitation

C  Sensitivity

D  Cross reaction

E  Specificity

A  cross reaction

B  precipitation

C  sensitivity

D  specificity

E  agglutination

A  Streptococcus

B  Treponema pallidum

C  Pseudomonas

D  Salmonella

E  Clostridium

A  Cross reactions

B  Precipitation

C  Sensitivity

D  Specificity

E  Agglutination

A  two known antibodies andone known antigen

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

D  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

E  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

A  allograft

B  autograft

C  hypograft

D  isograft

E  xenograft

A  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

B  inherited two dominant genes

C  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  can never have an Rh+ baby

A  The Arthus reaction is a local response

B  Serum sickness is a systemic response

C  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

D  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

E  Involves an immune complex reaction

A  Immune complex mediated

B  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

C  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

D  Anaphylaxis

E  Antibody mediated

A  humoralpathology

B  hemopathology

C  immunopathology

D  histopathology

E  epidemiology

A  joining region

B  variable region

C  hinge region

D  constant region

E  light region

A  located in the thymus gland

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

D  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

E  found on the third chromosome

A  heterophilic antigens

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  allergens

D  autoantigens

E  superantigens

A  suppress immune reactions

B  secrete antibodies

C  function in allergic reactions

D  activate B cells and other T cells

E  directly destroy target cells

A  stimulates hematopoiesis

B  increases phagocytosis

C  increases metabolism

D  increases the availability of iron

E  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

A  interferons

B  lysozymes

C  complement

D  pyrogens

E  leukotrines

A  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

B  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

C  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

D  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

A  Adhesion

B  Phagocytosis

C  Exocytosis

D  Encapsulation

E  Margination

A  prophylaxis

B  selective toxicity

C  synergism

D  nephrotoxicity

E  chemotherapy

A  false

B  true

A  erythromycin

B  cephalosporin

C  isoniazid

D  vancomycin

E  penicillin

A  chlorination

B  moist heat autoclave

C  boiling water

D  hydrogen peroxide

E  pasteurization

A  63°C for 30 minutes

B  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

C  160°C for 2 hours

D  100°C for 30 minutes

E  71.6°C for 15 seconds

A  Ultraviolet light

B  X rays

C  Ethylene dioxide

D  Moist heat

E  Formaldehyde

A  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

B  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

B  Include adenine and guanine

C  Found within nucleotides

D  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

E  Are nitrogenous bases

A  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

B  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

C  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

D  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

A  proteotype

B  proteome

C  genome

D  genotype

E  phenotype

A  false

B  true

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

A  Glycolysis

B  Preparation for Krebs cycle

C  Electron transport system

D  Krebs cycle

A  38 ATP

B  2 ATP

C  24 ATP

D  3 ATP

E  42 ATP

A  2 ATP

B  24 ATP

C  3 ATP

D  36 ATP

E  38 ATP

A  4

B  3

C  5

D  6

A  oxygen

B  carbon dioxide

C  high acidity

D  high salt

E  temperatures above 37°C

A  CH 4

B  H 2O

C  CO 2

D  NH 3

E  Glucose

A  the size of the cell

B  size of the pores in the membrane

C  carrier proteins in the membrane

D  substrate concentration

E  osmotic pressure

A  prophages

B  capsomeres

C  peplomers

D  envelopes

E  spikes

A  bacteriophages

B  viroids

C  satellite viruses

D  prions

E  All of the choices infect bacteria.

A  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

C  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  oncoviruses

B  cytopathic

C  chronic latent viruses

D  syncytia

E  inclusion bodies

A  inclusion bodies

B  oncoviruses

C  syncytia

D  cytopathic

E  chronic latent viruses

A  metabolically inactive

B  resistant to destruction by radiation

C  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  living structures

A  true

B  false

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

B  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

D  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

A  Hook, basal body, filament

B  Filament, hook, basal body

C  Basal body, filament, hook

D  Filament, basal body, hook

E  Basal body, hook, filament

A  autotrophic

B  fastidious

C  aerobic

D  microaerophilic

E  anaerobic

A  Joseph Lister

B  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

C  Louis Pasteur

D  Robert Koch

E  Ignaz Semmelweis

A  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

B  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

C  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

D  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

E  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

A  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

B  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

C  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

D  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

A  infectious particles

B  molds

C  protozoa

D  parasitic worms

E  bacteria

A  fructose

B  ribose

C  glucose

D  deoxyribose

E  glycogen