Midterm 2

A  Arctic

B  Atlantic

C  Pacific

D  Southern

E  Indian

A  Southern

B  Pacific

C  Indian

D  Arctic

E  Atlantic

A  tsunami.

B  capillary wave.

C  reflected wave.

D  tide.

A  waves are reflected off an obstruction

B  waves approach the shore at an angle

C  a wave train overtakes another wave train

D  water depth is greater than 1/2 the wavelength

E  wave steepness exceeds a critical value

A  principle of constant proportions

B  wave refraction in deep water

C  thermohaline stratification

D  SOFAR channel for safe navigation

E  principle of decreasing orbital motion with depth

A  decreases because the energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

B  increases because the energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

C  decreases because the wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

D  increases because the wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

A  the time it takes for one full wavelength to pass a given point

B  the number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time

C  wave height divided by wavelength

D  it’s the same as the wave frequency

E  the horizontal distance between adjacent wave crests

F  the vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent trough

A  wave base

B  wave drift

C  waveform

D  wave period

E  wave steepness

A  winds blowing across the ocean surface

B  seismic evenets

C  landslides

D  The gravity between the Moon and the Earth

E  Earth’s rotation

A  internal

B  tsunami

C  splash

D  ocean

E  tidal

A  ocean

B  tidal

C  splash

D  internal

E  turbidity

A  refracted waves

B  capillary waves

C  transverse waves

D  longitudinal waves

E  orbital waves

A  Antarctic Circumpolar Current

B  South Equatorial Current

C  North Equatorial Current

D  Gulf Stream

A  More typhoons hit Southeast Asia

B  The Pacific Warm Pool moves West

C  Heavy rain and flooding in California

D  Fisheries off South America are very productive

A  smaller; slower

B  larger; faster

C  larger; slower

D  smaller; faster

A  California Current

B  Gulf Stream

C  Agulhas Current

D  Canary Current

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Eastern Boundary Current

B  Southern Boundary Current

C  Equatorial Current

D  Western Boundary Current

E  Northern Boundary Current

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  4

B  3

C  5

D  2

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the Coriolis effect, necessary for the rotation of hurricanes, does not exist outside the tropics

B  the western deserts keep the humidity too low for hurricanes to form

C  the Rocky Mountains serve as a barrier to keep storms away from the coast

D  the ocean water does not get warm enough to supply the needed heat energy for hurricanes

A  the boundary between two water masses of different temperatures

B  the boundary between two air masses of different temperatures

C  the boundary between two air masses of different size

D    

E  the boundary between two water masses of different size

F  the boundary between two land masses of different temperatures

A  tornado

B  hurricane

C  typhoon

D  cyclone

A  The Coriolis Effect curves the path of the hurricane to the left in the Northern Hemisphere.

B  Cold, moist air rises form the ocean surface, creating a low pressure system

C  Rotation is counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.

D  Torrential rain and thunderstorms are common within the eye of the storm

A  equatorial

B  polar

C  tropical

D  subtropical

E  subpolar

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  always greater

B  the same

C  always lower

D  sometimes higher, and sometimes lower

A  Earth’s orbit around the Sun is elliptical, rather than circular

B  Solar activity changes over time

C  Earth is tilted on its axis of rotation

D  Earth’s surface is heated unevenly by the Sun

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Earth’s rotation impacts the circulation of air

B  Objects moving westward along the equator will experience the most Coriolis effect

C  Earth is the only planet where the Coriolis effect exists

D  Objects moving eastward along the equator will experience the most Coriolis effect

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  hydrogen (H+)

B  chloride (Cl-)

C  magnesium (Mg 2+)

D  hydroxide (OH-)

E  calcium (Ca 2+)

F  sodium (Na +)

A  acidic; acidic

B  basic; basic

C  acidic; basic

D  basic; acidic

A  the amount of living and dead organisms

B  depth and pressure

C  temperature and salinity

D  sunlight and darkness

A  iceberg melting

B  Sea ice formation

C  rain and snow

D  stream input

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  explode

B  turn to a liquid

C  heat up much more slowly

D  heat up much more quickly

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  evaporation of water

B  condensation of water

C  vaporization of water

D  melting of ice

A  For melting, only some hydrogen bonds need to be broken, whereas for vaporization, all hydrogen bonds must be broken.

B  The boiling point of water is higher than the freezing point.

C  For melting, covalent bonds are broken, whereas for vaporization, hydrogen bonds are broken

D  For melting, hydrogen bonds are broken, whereas for vaporization, covalent bonds are broken.

A  Oceans have less evaporation compared to lakes.

B  Oceans are much older geologic features than lakes, thus they have had more time to accumulate salts from continents.

C  Seawater has lower density than lake water.

D  Oceans are larger than lakes, therefore they collect more rainfall and become saltier.

A  Water molecules are polar. The positive end of water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions, and the negative end of water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions.

B  Both pure water and salts are made of ions. The positive water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions, and the negative water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions.

C  Both pure water and salts are made of ions. The positive water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions, and the negative water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions.

D  Water molecules are polar. The positive end of water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions, and the negative end of water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions.

A  gas

B  liquid

C  solid

A  liquid

B  solid

C  gas

A  liquid

B  solid

C  gas (vapor)

A  gas

B  solid

C  liquid

A  FALSE

B  TRUE