Midterm 2

A  Southern

B  Indian

C  Atlantic

D  Arctic

E  Pacific

A  Pacific

B  Atlantic

C  Indian

D  Southern

E  Arctic

A  reflected wave.

B  tide.

C  tsunami.

D  capillary wave.

A  waves approach the shore at an angle

B  wave steepness exceeds a critical value

C  a wave train overtakes another wave train

D  waves are reflected off an obstruction

E  water depth is greater than 1/2 the wavelength

A  SOFAR channel for safe navigation

B  principle of decreasing orbital motion with depth

C  wave refraction in deep water

D  thermohaline stratification

E  principle of constant proportions

A  increases because the wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

B  increases because the energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

C  decreases because the energy of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

D  decreases because the wavelength of the wave must be contained within a smaller water column in shallow water.

A  it’s the same as the wave frequency

B  the time it takes for one full wavelength to pass a given point

C  the number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time

D  the horizontal distance between adjacent wave crests

E  wave height divided by wavelength

F  the vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent trough

A  wave period

B  wave drift

C  wave steepness

D  waveform

E  wave base

A  winds blowing across the ocean surface

B  Earth’s rotation

C  seismic evenets

D  landslides

E  The gravity between the Moon and the Earth

A  ocean

B  internal

C  splash

D  tidal

E  tsunami

A  splash

B  tidal

C  ocean

D  turbidity

E  internal

A  orbital waves

B  capillary waves

C  transverse waves

D  longitudinal waves

E  refracted waves

A  South Equatorial Current

B  Gulf Stream

C  North Equatorial Current

D  Antarctic Circumpolar Current

A  The Pacific Warm Pool moves West

B  More typhoons hit Southeast Asia

C  Heavy rain and flooding in California

D  Fisheries off South America are very productive

A  larger; slower

B  smaller; slower

C  larger; faster

D  smaller; faster

A  California Current

B  Canary Current

C  Gulf Stream

D  Agulhas Current

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Western Boundary Current

B  Equatorial Current

C  Southern Boundary Current

D  Northern Boundary Current

E  Eastern Boundary Current

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  2

B  3

C  4

D  5

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the Coriolis effect, necessary for the rotation of hurricanes, does not exist outside the tropics

B  the ocean water does not get warm enough to supply the needed heat energy for hurricanes

C  the Rocky Mountains serve as a barrier to keep storms away from the coast

D  the western deserts keep the humidity too low for hurricanes to form

A    

B  the boundary between two water masses of different temperatures

C  the boundary between two air masses of different temperatures

D  the boundary between two water masses of different size

E  the boundary between two air masses of different size

F  the boundary between two land masses of different temperatures

A  tornado

B  cyclone

C  hurricane

D  typhoon

A  Torrential rain and thunderstorms are common within the eye of the storm

B  The Coriolis Effect curves the path of the hurricane to the left in the Northern Hemisphere.

C  Cold, moist air rises form the ocean surface, creating a low pressure system

D  Rotation is counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.

A  tropical

B  subtropical

C  equatorial

D  polar

E  subpolar

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  always greater

B  sometimes higher, and sometimes lower

C  always lower

D  the same

A  Earth’s orbit around the Sun is elliptical, rather than circular

B  Earth is tilted on its axis of rotation

C  Solar activity changes over time

D  Earth’s surface is heated unevenly by the Sun

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Earth’s rotation impacts the circulation of air

B  Earth is the only planet where the Coriolis effect exists

C  Objects moving westward along the equator will experience the most Coriolis effect

D  Objects moving eastward along the equator will experience the most Coriolis effect

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  calcium (Ca 2+)

B  sodium (Na +)

C  hydroxide (OH-)

D  chloride (Cl-)

E  magnesium (Mg 2+)

F  hydrogen (H+)

A  acidic; acidic

B  basic; acidic

C  basic; basic

D  acidic; basic

A  temperature and salinity

B  the amount of living and dead organisms

C  depth and pressure

D  sunlight and darkness

A  rain and snow

B  Sea ice formation

C  iceberg melting

D  stream input

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  explode

B  heat up much more slowly

C  turn to a liquid

D  heat up much more quickly

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  vaporization of water

B  melting of ice

C  evaporation of water

D  condensation of water

A  For melting, covalent bonds are broken, whereas for vaporization, hydrogen bonds are broken

B  The boiling point of water is higher than the freezing point.

C  For melting, only some hydrogen bonds need to be broken, whereas for vaporization, all hydrogen bonds must be broken.

D  For melting, hydrogen bonds are broken, whereas for vaporization, covalent bonds are broken.

A  Oceans are larger than lakes, therefore they collect more rainfall and become saltier.

B  Oceans are much older geologic features than lakes, thus they have had more time to accumulate salts from continents.

C  Oceans have less evaporation compared to lakes.

D  Seawater has lower density than lake water.

A  Both pure water and salts are made of ions. The positive water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions, and the negative water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions.

B  Water molecules are polar. The positive end of water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions, and the negative end of water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions.

C  Water molecules are polar. The positive end of water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions, and the negative end of water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions.

D  Both pure water and salts are made of ions. The positive water molecules are attracted to positive salt ions, and the negative water molecules are attracted to negative salt ions.

A  liquid

B  gas

C  solid

A  solid

B  liquid

C  gas

A  liquid

B  gas (vapor)

C  solid

A  gas

B  solid

C  liquid

A  TRUE

B  FALSE