Exam 2 Fast Facts

A  mannose 6-phosphate

B  glycosyltransferase

C  ubiquitin

D  BiP

A  nuclear envelope

B  mitochondrion

C  Golgi apparatus

D  endoplasmic reticulum

A  invagination of the plasma membrane occurs first followed by coating of the pits by clathrin

B  clathrin molecules assembled into triskelions

C  adaptor molecules selectively bind to cargo molecules

D  adaptor molecules recruit the clathrin molecules to the vesicle

A  synthesis of steroid hormones.

B  protein modifications.

C  detoxification in the liver.

D  sequestration of calcium ions.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  They can be used to send signals inside the cell or outside the cell.

B  They bind to actin cytoskeletal proteins.

C  They use cadherin integral proteins to join two cells.

D  They provide support for mechanical stress.

E  They form a belt around the top surface of the cell in order to bind one cell to the next cell.

A  Your skin is strong because of desmosomes.

B  Your skin has tight junctions making a water tight seal.

C  Your skin has gap junctions sending electrical signals to the nucleus which then controls the structure of the cell membrane.

D  Your skin has adherens junctions that communicate with the cytoplasm preventing rupture of the cell.

E  Just keep swimming, just keep swimming, and you will be okay.

A  noncovalent interactions

B  strong interactions and covalent interactions

C  covalent interactions

D  magnetism

A  It is involved in cell to cell interactions.

B  It is part of the barrier to prevent the movement of macromolecules.

C  It serves as a binding surface for cells to adhere to.

D  It gives mechanical support to cells.

A  A carbohydrate modified protein.

B  An array of carbohydrates attached to a protein core.

C  Repeating negatively charged disaccharides attached to a protein core which is attached to a long carbohydrate.

D  Repeating carbohydrates attached to a long core protein embedded in the cell membrane.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  reduction of NADH

B  ATP hydrolysis

C  proton movement from the cytoplasm to the intermembrane space

D  proton movement from intermembrane space to the matrix

A  FAD and O2

B  NADH and H2O

C  FADH2 and O2

D  H2O and NAD+

A  a channel that conducts protons from the matrix back to the intermembrane space

B  an enzyme that synthesizes ATP

C  a proton pump

D  a channel that conducts protons from the intermembrane space back to the matrix

A  Oxygen will be consumed, and ATP will be produced

B  Oxygen will be consumed, but no ATP will be produced

C  Oxygen will not be consumed, but ATP will be produced

D  Oxygen will not be consumed, and no ATP will be produced

A  The reaction would probably take place by coupling it to a reaction with a smaller -ΔG so that when the ΔG values are added up the sum is positive.

B  The reaction would probably take place by coupling it to a reaction with the same positive ΔG so that when the ΔG values are added up the energy levels balance.

C  The reaction would probably take place by coupling it to a reaction with a larger -ΔG so that when the ΔG values are added up the sum is negative.

D  The reaction would probably take place by coupling it to a reaction with a larger ΔG so that when the ΔG values are added up the sum is positive.

A  None of these answers are correct.

B  The reaction is exergonic.

C  The reaction is endergonic.

D  The reaction would never occur spontaneously.

A  Oxygen’s affinity for electrons

B  ATP hydrolysis

C  NADH and FADH2

D  proton-motive force

A  is the law of conservation of energy.

B  All of these statements are correct.

C  states that energy can be transduced from one form to another.

D  states that energy can be neither created not destroyed.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE