Midterm 1

A  biogenous and cosmogenous

B  biogenous and hydrogenous

C  lithogenous and hydrogenous

D  cosmogenous and lithogenous

E  biogenous and lithogenous

F  cosmogenous and hydrogenous

A  microscopic organisms

B  land based plants

C  dinosaurs

D  fish and amphibians

A  cosmogenous

B  hydrogenous

C  lithogenous

D  volcanic

A  the biogenous component tends to be overwhelmed by the amount of lithogenous material derived from the nearby continent

B  very little sediment accumulates on continental margins

C  relatively few marine organisms live in the waters over the continental margins

D  biogenous material dissolves faster than it accumulates

A  ecology

B  productivity

C  dilution

D  destruction

A  silica; calcium carbonate

B  silica; quartz

C  basalt; granite

D  calcium carbonate; volcanic ash

A  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is stable and can form sediments that last

B  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

C  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

D  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will form sediments that last

A  volcanic particles

B  clays

C  wind-driven dust

D  diatom ooze

E  beach sand

A  cosmogenous sediments

B  clay-sized particles

C  hydrogenous sediments

D  large particles

A  texture

B  composition

C  fabric

D  sorting

A  a central rift valley

B  basalt volcanism

C  thick layers of sediment

D  hydrothermal vents

A  parts of continents that broke off

B  formed at hot spots

C  parts of volcanic island arcs

D  volcanic in origin

A  submarine canyons

B  continental slopes

C  abyssal plains

D  continental shelfs

A  mapping with satellite

B  magnetometer

C  sonar waves

D  depth sounding

A  hydrology

B  tomography

C  cartography

D  bathymetry

E  navigation

A  a hot spot

B  a transform boundary

C  a divergent boundary

D  a convergent boundary

A  submarine canyons

B  transform faults

C  the mid-ocean ridge

D  subduction zones

A  asthenosphere; lithosphere

B  lithosphere; mesosphere

C  mantle; crust

D  lithosphere; asthenosphere

A  a human can run

B  a snail crawls

C  a human can walk

D  a human’s fingernail grows

A  in the middle of the plates

B  at plate boundaries

C  at the bottom of the ocean

D  on the continents

A  mass extinction of life-forms

B  a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks

C  sea floor spreading

D  subduction

A  convergent; oceanic; divergent

B  divergent; oceanic; convergent

C  divergent; continental; convergent

D  convergent; continental; divergent

A  theories

B  observations

C  guesses

D  hypotheses

A  observation

B  testing

C  hypothesis

D  theory formation

A  Sahara Desert

B  Pacific Ocean

C  Amazon Rainforest

D  Antarctica

A  Ionosphere

B  Lithosphere

C  Asthensophere

A  Ionosphere

B  Asthensophere

C  Lithosphere

A  Basalth

B  Dolomite

C  Granite

A  Granite

B  Iron

C  Coal

A  Iron and Nickel

B  Basalth

C  Granite

A  Density stratification

B  Outgassing

C  Radiometric dating

A  Innergassing

B  Density stratification

C  Outgassing

A  Radiometric dating

B  Outgassing

C  Density stratification

A  Calcium carbonate

B  Granite

C  Basalth

A  Asthensophere

B  Lithosphere

C  Pangea

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  200,000 years ago

B  4 billion years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  200,000 years ago

B  4 billion years ago

C  4.5 billion years ago

A  4.5 billion years ago

B  200,000 years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  4 billion years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE