Midterm 1

A  cosmogenous and lithogenous

B  biogenous and hydrogenous

C  biogenous and cosmogenous

D  biogenous and lithogenous

E  cosmogenous and hydrogenous

F  lithogenous and hydrogenous

A  dinosaurs

B  land based plants

C  microscopic organisms

D  fish and amphibians

A  hydrogenous

B  cosmogenous

C  lithogenous

D  volcanic

A  relatively few marine organisms live in the waters over the continental margins

B  the biogenous component tends to be overwhelmed by the amount of lithogenous material derived from the nearby continent

C  biogenous material dissolves faster than it accumulates

D  very little sediment accumulates on continental margins

A  dilution

B  destruction

C  productivity

D  ecology

A  basalt; granite

B  silica; quartz

C  calcium carbonate; volcanic ash

D  silica; calcium carbonate

A  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will form sediments that last

B  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

C  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is stable and can form sediments that last

D  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

A  beach sand

B  volcanic particles

C  clays

D  wind-driven dust

E  diatom ooze

A  hydrogenous sediments

B  clay-sized particles

C  cosmogenous sediments

D  large particles

A  fabric

B  sorting

C  composition

D  texture

A  hydrothermal vents

B  basalt volcanism

C  thick layers of sediment

D  a central rift valley

A  parts of volcanic island arcs

B  parts of continents that broke off

C  volcanic in origin

D  formed at hot spots

A  continental shelfs

B  submarine canyons

C  abyssal plains

D  continental slopes

A  sonar waves

B  mapping with satellite

C  magnetometer

D  depth sounding

A  tomography

B  bathymetry

C  navigation

D  cartography

E  hydrology

A  a divergent boundary

B  a convergent boundary

C  a hot spot

D  a transform boundary

A  the mid-ocean ridge

B  submarine canyons

C  subduction zones

D  transform faults

A  lithosphere; asthenosphere

B  mantle; crust

C  asthenosphere; lithosphere

D  lithosphere; mesosphere

A  a human can run

B  a human’s fingernail grows

C  a snail crawls

D  a human can walk

A  at plate boundaries

B  in the middle of the plates

C  at the bottom of the ocean

D  on the continents

A  sea floor spreading

B  mass extinction of life-forms

C  a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks

D  subduction

A  divergent; continental; convergent

B  convergent; continental; divergent

C  convergent; oceanic; divergent

D  divergent; oceanic; convergent

A  hypotheses

B  theories

C  observations

D  guesses

A  observation

B  hypothesis

C  testing

D  theory formation

A  Antarctica

B  Sahara Desert

C  Amazon Rainforest

D  Pacific Ocean

A  Asthensophere

B  Lithosphere

C  Ionosphere

A  Ionosphere

B  Asthensophere

C  Lithosphere

A  Dolomite

B  Basalth

C  Granite

A  Granite

B  Iron

C  Coal

A  Iron and Nickel

B  Granite

C  Basalth

A  Density stratification

B  Radiometric dating

C  Outgassing

A  Outgassing

B  Innergassing

C  Density stratification

A  Density stratification

B  Outgassing

C  Radiometric dating

A  Basalth

B  Granite

C  Calcium carbonate

A  Lithosphere

B  Pangea

C  Asthensophere

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  200,000 years ago

B  4 billion years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  4 billion years ago

B  200,000 years ago

C  4.5 billion years ago

A  200,000 years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  2.5 billion years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  4 billion years ago

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE