Midterm 1

A  lithogenous and hydrogenous

B  cosmogenous and lithogenous

C  cosmogenous and hydrogenous

D  biogenous and cosmogenous

E  biogenous and lithogenous

F  biogenous and hydrogenous

A  land based plants

B  microscopic organisms

C  fish and amphibians

D  dinosaurs

A  hydrogenous

B  volcanic

C  cosmogenous

D  lithogenous

A  the biogenous component tends to be overwhelmed by the amount of lithogenous material derived from the nearby continent

B  very little sediment accumulates on continental margins

C  relatively few marine organisms live in the waters over the continental margins

D  biogenous material dissolves faster than it accumulates

A  destruction

B  productivity

C  dilution

D  ecology

A  calcium carbonate; volcanic ash

B  silica; quartz

C  basalt; granite

D  silica; calcium carbonate

A  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

B  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

C  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will form sediments that last

D  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is stable and can form sediments that last

A  wind-driven dust

B  diatom ooze

C  clays

D  beach sand

E  volcanic particles

A  cosmogenous sediments

B  clay-sized particles

C  large particles

D  hydrogenous sediments

A  composition

B  fabric

C  sorting

D  texture

A  a central rift valley

B  basalt volcanism

C  thick layers of sediment

D  hydrothermal vents

A  volcanic in origin

B  parts of continents that broke off

C  formed at hot spots

D  parts of volcanic island arcs

A  submarine canyons

B  abyssal plains

C  continental slopes

D  continental shelfs

A  depth sounding

B  magnetometer

C  sonar waves

D  mapping with satellite

A  cartography

B  hydrology

C  navigation

D  tomography

E  bathymetry

A  a divergent boundary

B  a transform boundary

C  a convergent boundary

D  a hot spot

A  submarine canyons

B  subduction zones

C  the mid-ocean ridge

D  transform faults

A  mantle; crust

B  lithosphere; mesosphere

C  lithosphere; asthenosphere

D  asthenosphere; lithosphere

A  a human’s fingernail grows

B  a snail crawls

C  a human can run

D  a human can walk

A  in the middle of the plates

B  at plate boundaries

C  at the bottom of the ocean

D  on the continents

A  sea floor spreading

B  subduction

C  a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks

D  mass extinction of life-forms

A  divergent; continental; convergent

B  divergent; oceanic; convergent

C  convergent; continental; divergent

D  convergent; oceanic; divergent

A  guesses

B  hypotheses

C  observations

D  theories

A  hypothesis

B  observation

C  testing

D  theory formation

A  Sahara Desert

B  Antarctica

C  Amazon Rainforest

D  Pacific Ocean

A  Lithosphere

B  Asthensophere

C  Ionosphere

A  Lithosphere

B  Asthensophere

C  Ionosphere

A  Granite

B  Dolomite

C  Basalth

A  Coal

B  Granite

C  Iron

A  Granite

B  Basalth

C  Iron and Nickel

A  Outgassing

B  Density stratification

C  Radiometric dating

A  Density stratification

B  Outgassing

C  Innergassing

A  Density stratification

B  Radiometric dating

C  Outgassing

A  Basalth

B  Granite

C  Calcium carbonate

A  Lithosphere

B  Asthensophere

C  Pangea

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  4 billion years ago

B  200,000 years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  200,000 years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  4 billion years ago

A  200,000 years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  4 billion years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE