Week 3 Quiz

A  Acheulean

B  Sahelenthropus tchadensis

C  Sagittal keel

D  Homo erectus

A  The Dmanisi were very small in stature and lacked the features we originally believed Homo erectus needed in order to travel long distances outside of Africa.

B  The Dmanisi were found in Georgia outside of Africa and date back to 1.8 mya, which pushes the date of migration by Homo erectus back nearly 1 million years.

C  The Dmanisi were still using Oldowan tools, but anthropologists believed Homo erectus needed to use more advanced tools in order to meet their energy budget.

D  The Dmanisi were found to be advanced hunters, which negated the theory that Homo erectus migrated because they were following animals they scavenged from.

A  Sagittal keel

B  950 cc average brain size

C  Long, low braincase

D  Thinner browridge that ancestors

A  Homo erectus

B  Homo sapiens

C  Australopithecus afarensis

D  Sahelenthropus tchadensis

A  Stabilized foot arch

B  Barrel shaped rib cage

C  Longer toes

D  Longer legs

A  Australopithecines began hunting, which helped their brains grow.

B  Since Homo habilis had wider finger pads for greater precision dexterity, the brain needed to evolve to allow for greater creativity.

C  The climate had remained relatively stable in Africa for millions of years until about 2.5 million years ago, when climate began to fluctuate very rapidly.

D  Homo habilis began consuming larger amount of food, which allowed their brains to increase in size.

A  Thicker brow ridge than its ancestors

B  A dramatic increase in average cranial volume from 440 cubic centimeters to 700 cubic centimeters

C  Decrease in facial prognathism

D  Wider finger pads for precision grip

A  An endocast allowed us to learn about the maturation rate of Australopithecus afarensis

B  She was an infant, and infant fossils are less common in the fossil record

C  Selam was an elderly fossil, which showed us how early Australopithecines started aging

D  Selam’s fossil contained her entire skull and spinal cord

A  Her brain size was roughly 440 cubic centimeters

B  Her legs were longer than her arms, but her arms were still long enough to brachiate

C  She had large, thick molars and sexually dimorphic canines

D  She was not capable of bipedalism

A  Early humans became bipedal because it is more efficient for crossing savannahs than quadrapedalism.

B  Early humans became bipedal to free up their hands to make weapons

C  Early humans became bipedal to free up their hands in order to carry food

D  Early humans became bipedal to minimize the amount of sun on the individual’s back

A  The bipedal human foot contains a plantar aponeurosis for elasticity

B  Ape feet have short toes to help with balance

C  The bipedal human foot contains an arch for shock absorption

D  Ape feet have a divergent and opposable big toe

A  Ape due to the parallel femurs and forward facing iliac blades.

B  Human due to the forward facing iliac blades.

C  Human due to the flexible knee.

D  Ape due to the bowl shaped pelvis.

A  Omomyoids

B  Procunsul

C  Adapoids

D  Plesiadapiforms

A  Visually oriented predation theory

B  Arboreal theory

C  Arboreal – Predation – Angiosperm Exploitation theory

D  Angiosperm exploitation theory

A  Changes in the distribution of the continents lead to a decline in tropical rainforests and and incline in flowering and deciduous trees during the Paleocene.

B  Changes in the distribution of the continents lead to a decline in forested areas and an incline in open grasslands and savannahs during the Oligocene.

C  Continental drift killed off the majority of insects on earth, causing primates to have to find new resources.

D  Changes in the size and shape of the continents over time has impacted climate by redistributing warm and cold water around the world.