Chapter 2

A  by limiting the sphere of government

B  by having fewer distinct groups in society

C  by having a diversity of views

D  by decreasing political participation

A  It results in highly inefficient policies.

B  Policy development is universalistic.

C  It creates an inability to experiment with different policy solutions.

D  Federal and state governments must share power.

A  It hinders policy development and leads to budgetary inefficiency.

B  It discourages separatism and secession.

C  It maintains local forms of representative government.

D  It promotes the division of labor within government.

A  It provides more opportunities for political participation.

B  It hinders policy development.

C  It limits oversight and accountability.

D  It depends on state compliance.

A  He became a states’ rights advocate.

B  He received pressure from Congress.

C  He received pressure from state and local governments.

D  It was unconstitutional.

A  the Republican Party

B  the suffragists

C  the Federalists

D  the anti-Federalists

A  He believed that the federal government should play a significant role in the regulation of industry and transportation.

B  He endorsed unfunded mandates.

C  He believed that state power should be secondary to that of the federal government.

D  He believed that a federal system should limit the scope of government in order to protect civil liberties.

A  They lead to the creation of fewer government agencies.

B  They create the potential for more government oversight and new regulations.

C  They tend to create stricter boundaries between states, counties, and towns.

D  They engender national disengagement from environmental protection efforts.

A  The Trump administration enforced a ruling that prohibited internet service providers from discriminating across websites and web services.

B  The FCC sued states that allowed internet service providers to discriminate across websites and web services.

C  Before the FCC ruling, state legislatures had passed their own legislation forbidding internet service providers from discriminating across web services.

D  The FCC used its power to regulate interstate commerce, as granted under the Commerce Clause, to effectively end the policy of net neutrality.

A  the Federal Communications Commission

B  the Department of Transportation

C  the Federal Aviation Administration

D  the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

A  unconstitutionality

B  dual federalism

C  coercive federalism

D  state sovereignty

A  State and local governments must have depleted all their own resources to provide emergency services themselves.

B  The national government must deem emergency relief politically necessary.

C  State and local governments must request and approve emergency relief from the national government.

D  Public opinion must demand that leaders in Washington intervene.

A  fewer government agencies

B  increased state power relative to the federal government

C  shifts in the balance of power toward the federal government

D  a shrinking of the executive branch

A  Harry Truman

B  Theodore Roosevelt

C  Herbert Hoover

D  Franklin Roosevelt

A  The states assumed greater responsibility over laws pertaining to civil liberties after the Civil War.

B  The national government assumed more power over significant governmental decisions and public policy after the Civil War.

C  The philosophical debate between the states and the national government over economic freedom was resolved.

D  The philosophical debate between the states and national government over equal rights was sorted out.

A  The backlash from the states in response to growing national power has been greatly reduced.

B  It is characterized by a struggle to balance power between the federal and state governments.

C  It is characterized by a power struggle that has overwhelmingly favored the states.

D  The debate over the balance of power between the federal and state governments has largely been resolved.

A  distinct policy jurisdictions between the federal and state governments

B  a steady increase in the power of state governments

C  a commingling of national and state responsibilities

D  a steady increase in the power of the federal government

A  Opponents of the law felt that the United States needed a nationwide single-payer healthcare system.

B  Opponents of the law felt that there was nothing wrong with the healthcare system in the United States.

C  Opponents of the law felt that the reforms wouldn’t fix any of the problems with the healthcare system in the United States.

D  Opponents of the law felt that the federal government had overstepped its authority.

A  It mandated that all citizens have medical insurance.

B  It allowed insurance companies to discriminate against individuals with preexisting conditions.

C  It limited Medicaid coverage.

D  It excluded children under 26 from their parents’ health insurance plans.

A  devolution

B  dual federalism

C  grants-in-aid

D  unfunded mandates

A  increasing the size of the federal government

B  decreasing the federal deficit

C  returning power to the states

D  maximizing the amount of unfunded mandates

A  an unfunded mandate

B  cooperative federalism

C  a block grant

D  dual federalism

A  through federal grants-in-aid

B  by limiting the reach of the Commerce Clause

C  by threatening to remove funding from programs

D  through social programs aimed at increasing civil rights

A  budgetary

B  national defense

C  social

D  voting rights

A  It successfully installed extra judges on the Supreme Court.

B  It resulted in a deepening of the Great Depression.

C  It ushered in an era during which the powers of the federal government were protected by the Supreme Court.

D  It lessened the power of the central government in relation to the power of the states.

A  the Commerce Clause

B  dual federalism

C  constitutional authority

D  states’ rights

A  expansion of executive power

B  civil rights

C  a matter of national defense in the buildup to World War II

D  economic and financial

A  creating new state and local programs

B  the use of grants-in-aid

C  hiring bureaucrats to take over state and local governments

D  creating federally funded public schools

A  the Commerce Clause

B  the Supremacy Clause

C  the Full Faith and Credit Clause

D  the Necessary and Proper Clause

A  unlimited by the Supreme Court

B  relatively high in comparison to the states

C  working together with the states

D  pertaining mainly to commerce, defense, and international trade

A  marble cake

B  cooperative

C  coercive

D  dual

A  grants-in-aid

B  Commerce Clause

C  international trade

D  Net neutrality

A  Washington state laws regulating controlled substances

B  Seattle municipal laws regulating transportation

C  international drug-trafficking laws

D  U.S. laws regulating controlled substances

A  The waterways are regulated by federal agencies.

B  The waterways are notorious areas of piracy and lawlessness.

C  The waterways are regulated by the Washington State Police.

D  The waterways are patrolled by anti-drug vigilantes.

A  state regulations that prohibit marijuana in the workplace

B  federal laws that make marijuana illegal

C  health recommendations issued by the American Medical Association

D  local laws that make marijuana illegal

A  judicial review Incorrect

B  executive authority

C  civil rights

D  federalism

A  The tax would have bankrupted the national government.

B  Taxes on all government-owned banks are unconstitutional.

C  State governments do not have power over the national government.

D  Maryland’s tax was not found to be unconstitutional.

A  Taxes tend to hurt the poor more than they hurt businesses or the wealthy.

B  A sufficiently high tax could ensure that no institution could survive.

C  A federal income tax is an unconstitutional exercise of congressional power.

D  High taxes are unconstitutional because they violate private-property rights.

A  Can a federal institution tax a state government?

B  Can a bank be owned by members of Congress?

C  Can the federal government tax nonprofit organizations?

D  Can a state tax a federal institution?

A  The Supremacy Clause, in combination with the enumerated power of Congress to borrow money on the credit of the United States, gives Congress the implied power to establish banks in order to pay off war debts.

B  The power to charter a bank is an implied power of the president.

C  The power to charter a bank is an enumerated power of Congress.

D  The Necessary and Proper Clause, in combination with the enumerated power of Congress to regulate commerce and coin money, gives Congress the implied power to charter a national bank.

A  Chartering a bank was not among Congress’s enumerated powers.

B  Chartering a bank was not among Congress’s implied powers.

C  Chartering banks would lead to government corruption by allowing members of Congress undue influence over financial markets.

D  Chartering banks was exclusively the province of state governments, according to the Constitution.

A  in favor of McCulloch

B  in favor of Philadelphia

C  in favor of Maryland

D  in favor of state banks

A  The United States started borrowing almost exclusively from the national bank instead of state banks.

B  Anti-Federalists in the Maryland legislature wanted to test the limits of national power.

C  Maryland had a standing law that all banks would be taxed equally.

D  The federal government had previously taxed state banks excessively.

A  State-owned banks were charging the federal government too much interest on loans to pay debts from the War of 1812.

B  State-owned banks had declared bankruptcy as a result of debt accumulated during the War of 1812.

C  State government officials requested that the federal government charter a national bank to lend states money.

D  One of Congress’s enumerated powers under the Constitution is the authority to charter national banks.

A  a state court ruling that conflicts with the Supreme Court ruling on same-sex marriage

B  a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation that overrules a state court judgment involving food-safety labels

C  the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which allowed the federal government to monitor state-run elections

D  an amendment to a state constitution that establishes the right to religious freedom at the state level

A  It allows Congress to establish banks or other financial institutions as long as they are deemed “necessary and proper” for maintaining the stability of the nation’s economy.

B  It limits Congress’s power by allowing Congress to pass only those laws that are “necessary and proper” for it to uphold and defend the principles in the Constitution.

C  It expands Congress’s power by allowing Congress to pass any laws that are “necessary and proper” for it to carry out its enumerated powers under the Constitution.

D  It enhances the power of the states by allowing them to do whatever is “necessary and proper” to prevent Congress from overstepping its constitutional authority.

A  The federal government dominates the states more than ever before.

B  Some power has shifted back to the states.

C  The states are now more powerful than the federal government.

D  There has been no change in federalism since the mid-20th century.

A  the Supreme Court

B  the House of Representatives

C  the Senate

D  the executive branch

A  The federal government has progressively assumed greater responsibility for domestic and economic issues.

B  Local governments have assumed sole responsibility for domestic issues.

C  State governments share virtually none of the same powers as the federal government.

D  The debate surrounding the balance of power has almost completely disappeared.

A  States felt that the federal government had far too much power over their affairs.

B  Southern states opposed the federal government while Northern states supported it.

C  States enjoyed their sovereignty from the federal government.

D  States wanted to abolish the federal government completely.

A  the division of power between civilian and military leadership

B  the division of power between the three branches of government

C  a policy designed to enhance the power of the federal government

D  the division of power between the federal and state governments

A  the executive branch

B  the rising Confederacy

C  the growth of state power

D  the abuse of political power

A  Federalism was a subject of intense debate during the drafting of the Constitution.

B  The Framers generally followed the model of federalism outlined in the Articles of Confederation.

C  Ensuring federalism was one of the easier tasks undertaken by the Framers of the Constitution.

D  Federalism primarily entails the growth of the federal government.

A  In a federal system, neither the states nor the national government has the power to address public health issues.

B  In a federal system, both states and the national government have powers that can affect the issues brought on by a public health crisis.

C  In a federal system, power shifts to the states to resolve their own public health problems.

D  In a federal system, the national government is the only government entity with the power to address matters of public health.