Chapter 2

A  by decreasing political participation

B  by having fewer distinct groups in society

C  by limiting the sphere of government

D  by having a diversity of views

A  Policy development is universalistic.

B  It results in highly inefficient policies.

C  Federal and state governments must share power.

D  It creates an inability to experiment with different policy solutions.

A  It maintains local forms of representative government.

B  It discourages separatism and secession.

C  It promotes the division of labor within government.

D  It hinders policy development and leads to budgetary inefficiency.

A  It limits oversight and accountability.

B  It depends on state compliance.

C  It provides more opportunities for political participation.

D  It hinders policy development.

A  He received pressure from state and local governments.

B  It was unconstitutional.

C  He became a states’ rights advocate.

D  He received pressure from Congress.

A  the suffragists

B  the Federalists

C  the Republican Party

D  the anti-Federalists

A  He believed that a federal system should limit the scope of government in order to protect civil liberties.

B  He endorsed unfunded mandates.

C  He believed that the federal government should play a significant role in the regulation of industry and transportation.

D  He believed that state power should be secondary to that of the federal government.

A  They engender national disengagement from environmental protection efforts.

B  They tend to create stricter boundaries between states, counties, and towns.

C  They create the potential for more government oversight and new regulations.

D  They lead to the creation of fewer government agencies.

A  The FCC used its power to regulate interstate commerce, as granted under the Commerce Clause, to effectively end the policy of net neutrality.

B  The FCC sued states that allowed internet service providers to discriminate across websites and web services.

C  The Trump administration enforced a ruling that prohibited internet service providers from discriminating across websites and web services.

D  Before the FCC ruling, state legislatures had passed their own legislation forbidding internet service providers from discriminating across web services.

A  the Federal Communications Commission

B  the Department of Transportation

C  the Federal Aviation Administration

D  the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

A  dual federalism

B  coercive federalism

C  state sovereignty

D  unconstitutionality

A  State and local governments must have depleted all their own resources to provide emergency services themselves.

B  Public opinion must demand that leaders in Washington intervene.

C  The national government must deem emergency relief politically necessary.

D  State and local governments must request and approve emergency relief from the national government.

A  shifts in the balance of power toward the federal government

B  increased state power relative to the federal government

C  a shrinking of the executive branch

D  fewer government agencies

A  Herbert Hoover

B  Harry Truman

C  Franklin Roosevelt

D  Theodore Roosevelt

A  The states assumed greater responsibility over laws pertaining to civil liberties after the Civil War.

B  The philosophical debate between the states and the national government over economic freedom was resolved.

C  The national government assumed more power over significant governmental decisions and public policy after the Civil War.

D  The philosophical debate between the states and national government over equal rights was sorted out.

A  It is characterized by a struggle to balance power between the federal and state governments.

B  It is characterized by a power struggle that has overwhelmingly favored the states.

C  The debate over the balance of power between the federal and state governments has largely been resolved.

D  The backlash from the states in response to growing national power has been greatly reduced.

A  distinct policy jurisdictions between the federal and state governments

B  a commingling of national and state responsibilities

C  a steady increase in the power of the federal government

D  a steady increase in the power of state governments

A  Opponents of the law felt that the federal government had overstepped its authority.

B  Opponents of the law felt that there was nothing wrong with the healthcare system in the United States.

C  Opponents of the law felt that the reforms wouldn’t fix any of the problems with the healthcare system in the United States.

D  Opponents of the law felt that the United States needed a nationwide single-payer healthcare system.

A  It mandated that all citizens have medical insurance.

B  It allowed insurance companies to discriminate against individuals with preexisting conditions.

C  It excluded children under 26 from their parents’ health insurance plans.

D  It limited Medicaid coverage.

A  devolution

B  grants-in-aid

C  unfunded mandates

D  dual federalism

A  decreasing the federal deficit

B  maximizing the amount of unfunded mandates

C  increasing the size of the federal government

D  returning power to the states

A  an unfunded mandate

B  a block grant

C  cooperative federalism

D  dual federalism

A  by threatening to remove funding from programs

B  through social programs aimed at increasing civil rights

C  by limiting the reach of the Commerce Clause

D  through federal grants-in-aid

A  voting rights

B  budgetary

C  national defense

D  social

A  It ushered in an era during which the powers of the federal government were protected by the Supreme Court.

B  It successfully installed extra judges on the Supreme Court.

C  It lessened the power of the central government in relation to the power of the states.

D  It resulted in a deepening of the Great Depression.

A  states’ rights

B  the Commerce Clause

C  dual federalism

D  constitutional authority

A  economic and financial

B  expansion of executive power

C  a matter of national defense in the buildup to World War II

D  civil rights

A  hiring bureaucrats to take over state and local governments

B  the use of grants-in-aid

C  creating federally funded public schools

D  creating new state and local programs

A  the Necessary and Proper Clause

B  the Supremacy Clause

C  the Commerce Clause

D  the Full Faith and Credit Clause

A  pertaining mainly to commerce, defense, and international trade

B  unlimited by the Supreme Court

C  relatively high in comparison to the states

D  working together with the states

A  cooperative

B  dual

C  marble cake

D  coercive

A  grants-in-aid

B  Commerce Clause

C  Net neutrality

D  international trade

A  Washington state laws regulating controlled substances

B  Seattle municipal laws regulating transportation

C  international drug-trafficking laws

D  U.S. laws regulating controlled substances

A  The waterways are notorious areas of piracy and lawlessness.

B  The waterways are patrolled by anti-drug vigilantes.

C  The waterways are regulated by the Washington State Police.

D  The waterways are regulated by federal agencies.

A  state regulations that prohibit marijuana in the workplace

B  local laws that make marijuana illegal

C  health recommendations issued by the American Medical Association

D  federal laws that make marijuana illegal

A  judicial review Incorrect

B  federalism

C  executive authority

D  civil rights

A  Taxes on all government-owned banks are unconstitutional.

B  The tax would have bankrupted the national government.

C  State governments do not have power over the national government.

D  Maryland’s tax was not found to be unconstitutional.

A  A sufficiently high tax could ensure that no institution could survive.

B  A federal income tax is an unconstitutional exercise of congressional power.

C  High taxes are unconstitutional because they violate private-property rights.

D  Taxes tend to hurt the poor more than they hurt businesses or the wealthy.

A  Can a state tax a federal institution?

B  Can the federal government tax nonprofit organizations?

C  Can a federal institution tax a state government?

D  Can a bank be owned by members of Congress?

A  The power to charter a bank is an implied power of the president.

B  The Necessary and Proper Clause, in combination with the enumerated power of Congress to regulate commerce and coin money, gives Congress the implied power to charter a national bank.

C  The Supremacy Clause, in combination with the enumerated power of Congress to borrow money on the credit of the United States, gives Congress the implied power to establish banks in order to pay off war debts.

D  The power to charter a bank is an enumerated power of Congress.

A  Chartering a bank was not among Congress’s implied powers.

B  Chartering banks was exclusively the province of state governments, according to the Constitution.

C  Chartering banks would lead to government corruption by allowing members of Congress undue influence over financial markets.

D  Chartering a bank was not among Congress’s enumerated powers.

A  in favor of McCulloch

B  in favor of state banks

C  in favor of Philadelphia

D  in favor of Maryland

A  Maryland had a standing law that all banks would be taxed equally.

B  Anti-Federalists in the Maryland legislature wanted to test the limits of national power.

C  The federal government had previously taxed state banks excessively.

D  The United States started borrowing almost exclusively from the national bank instead of state banks.

A  State-owned banks had declared bankruptcy as a result of debt accumulated during the War of 1812.

B  State government officials requested that the federal government charter a national bank to lend states money.

C  State-owned banks were charging the federal government too much interest on loans to pay debts from the War of 1812.

D  One of Congress’s enumerated powers under the Constitution is the authority to charter national banks.

A  the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which allowed the federal government to monitor state-run elections

B  an amendment to a state constitution that establishes the right to religious freedom at the state level

C  a state court ruling that conflicts with the Supreme Court ruling on same-sex marriage

D  a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation that overrules a state court judgment involving food-safety labels

A  It allows Congress to establish banks or other financial institutions as long as they are deemed “necessary and proper” for maintaining the stability of the nation’s economy.

B  It enhances the power of the states by allowing them to do whatever is “necessary and proper” to prevent Congress from overstepping its constitutional authority.

C  It limits Congress’s power by allowing Congress to pass only those laws that are “necessary and proper” for it to uphold and defend the principles in the Constitution.

D  It expands Congress’s power by allowing Congress to pass any laws that are “necessary and proper” for it to carry out its enumerated powers under the Constitution.

A  The states are now more powerful than the federal government.

B  Some power has shifted back to the states.

C  The federal government dominates the states more than ever before.

D  There has been no change in federalism since the mid-20th century.

A  the Senate

B  the House of Representatives

C  the Supreme Court

D  the executive branch

A  The federal government has progressively assumed greater responsibility for domestic and economic issues.

B  The debate surrounding the balance of power has almost completely disappeared.

C  State governments share virtually none of the same powers as the federal government.

D  Local governments have assumed sole responsibility for domestic issues.

A  States wanted to abolish the federal government completely.

B  States felt that the federal government had far too much power over their affairs.

C  Southern states opposed the federal government while Northern states supported it.

D  States enjoyed their sovereignty from the federal government.

A  the division of power between civilian and military leadership

B  the division of power between the three branches of government

C  the division of power between the federal and state governments

D  a policy designed to enhance the power of the federal government

A  the abuse of political power

B  the rising Confederacy

C  the executive branch

D  the growth of state power

A  Federalism primarily entails the growth of the federal government.

B  Federalism was a subject of intense debate during the drafting of the Constitution.

C  Ensuring federalism was one of the easier tasks undertaken by the Framers of the Constitution.

D  The Framers generally followed the model of federalism outlined in the Articles of Confederation.

A  In a federal system, the national government is the only government entity with the power to address matters of public health.

B  In a federal system, neither the states nor the national government has the power to address public health issues.

C  In a federal system, power shifts to the states to resolve their own public health problems.

D  In a federal system, both states and the national government have powers that can affect the issues brought on by a public health crisis.