Bacteria and Archaea

A  Botulism

B  Strep throat 

C  Anthrax

D  Tetanus

A  Millions of years 

B  20 years

C  One year

D  Two months

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  pH

B  All of the choices are correct

C  Temperature

D  Osmotic pressure

A  protein 

B  lipopolysaccharide

C  lipid membrane

D  peptidoglycan

A  calcium; water 

B  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

C  water; calcium

D  protien; lipids

A  protein

B  flagellar proteins

C  cell membrane

D  peptidoglycan 

A  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

B  the membrane of the mother cell 

C  the cell wall of the mother cell

D  proteins produced by the mother cell

A  father cell

B  haploid cell

C  mother cell

D  parent cell

A  As a normal part of cellular growth

B  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

C  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

D  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

A  Temperature of 45°C

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  pH = 4

D  Complex media

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a frozen cell

B  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

C  a metabolically active cell 

D  a non-diving bacterial cell

A  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

B  They can lead to systemic infections. 

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

A  All of the chioces are correct

B  Teeth

C  Artificial heart valves

D  Catheters

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  All of the choices are correct. 

B  pH gradient

C  oxygen gradient

D  nutrient concentration

A  Exotoxin

B  Exopolymer

C  IL-4

D  Lysozyme

A  Fimbriae

B  Flagella

C  Fimbriae and flagella 

D  Spike proteins

A  Dry abiotic surfaces

B  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

C  Moist abiotic surfaces

D  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

A  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

B  on the walls of swimming pools

C  on teeth

D  on shower curtains

A  attachment

B  maintaining cell shape

C  transferring DNA to other cells

D  motility

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

B  Gram-negative cell walls 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  pilus; genetic exchange

B  flagellum; motility

C  membrane; nutrient transfer

D  membrane; genetic exchange

A  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

B  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

C  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

D  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

A  The position of flagella within the cell wall

B  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

C  The direction of flagellar rotation 

D  The number of cilia present on a cell

E  The number of flagella present on a cell

A  Flagella 

B  Pili

C  Cilia

D  Fimbriae

A  Temperature

B  Sound

C  Chemicals

D  Light

A  Pilus

B  Flagellum

C  Capsule 

D  Fimbria

A  Pilus 

B  Capsule

C  Fimbria

D  Flagellum

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

A  Fimbriae-motility 

B  Pilus-attachment

C  Capsule-protective layer

D  Flagellum-motility

A  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

B  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

C  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

A  Pseudomonas

B  Klebsiella 

A  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

B  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

C  Clear halos around the cells 

A  Carbohydrates 

B  Proteins

C  Lipids

D  Nucleic acids

A  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

B  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

C  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

A  Ear wax

B  Salivary secretions

C  Dental plaque

D  Yellow or green discharge