Bacteria and Archaea

A  Tetanus

B  Botulism

C  Anthrax

D  Strep throat 

A  20 years

B  Millions of years 

C  One year

D  Two months

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Temperature

B  Osmotic pressure

C  All of the choices are correct

D  pH

A  protein 

B  lipid membrane

C  lipopolysaccharide

D  peptidoglycan

A  calcium; water 

B  water; calcium

C  protien; lipids

D  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

A  protein

B  flagellar proteins

C  peptidoglycan 

D  cell membrane

A  the membrane of the mother cell 

B  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

C  proteins produced by the mother cell

D  the cell wall of the mother cell

A  haploid cell

B  mother cell

C  father cell

D  parent cell

A  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

B  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

C  As a normal part of cellular growth

D  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

A  Temperature of 45°C

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  pH = 4

D  Complex media

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a frozen cell

B  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

C  a non-diving bacterial cell

D  a metabolically active cell 

A  None of the choices are correct.

B  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

C  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

D  They can lead to systemic infections. 

A  Catheters

B  Teeth

C  Artificial heart valves

D  All of the chioces are correct

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  pH gradient

B  All of the choices are correct. 

C  oxygen gradient

D  nutrient concentration

A  IL-4

B  Lysozyme

C  Exopolymer

D  Exotoxin

A  Fimbriae

B  Fimbriae and flagella 

C  Flagella

D  Spike proteins

A  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

B  Dry abiotic surfaces

C  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

D  Moist abiotic surfaces

A  on the walls of swimming pools

B  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

C  on teeth

D  on shower curtains

A  maintaining cell shape

B  attachment

C  motility

D  transferring DNA to other cells

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Lack cell walls 

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Gram-positive cell walls 

D  Lack cell walls 

A  membrane; nutrient transfer

B  membrane; genetic exchange

C  flagellum; motility

D  pilus; genetic exchange

A  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

B  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

C  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

D  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

A  The position of flagella within the cell wall

B  The number of cilia present on a cell

C  The number of flagella present on a cell

D  The direction of flagellar rotation 

E  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

A  Cilia

B  Pili

C  Flagella 

D  Fimbriae

A  Sound

B  Temperature

C  Light

D  Chemicals

A  Pilus

B  Flagellum

C  Fimbria

D  Capsule 

A  Fimbria

B  Flagellum

C  Capsule

D  Pilus 

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

A  Pilus-attachment

B  Fimbriae-motility 

C  Flagellum-motility

D  Capsule-protective layer

A  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

B  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

C  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

A  Pseudomonas

B  Klebsiella 

A  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

B  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

C  Clear halos around the cells 

A  Nucleic acids

B  Lipids

C  Proteins

D  Carbohydrates 

A  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

B  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

C  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

A  Ear wax

B  Yellow or green discharge

C  Dental plaque

D  Salivary secretions