Bacteria and Archaea

A  Strep throat 

B  Botulism

C  Anthrax

D  Tetanus

A  Two months

B  One year

C  Millions of years 

D  20 years

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  pH

B  All of the choices are correct

C  Temperature

D  Osmotic pressure

A  lipopolysaccharide

B  lipid membrane

C  peptidoglycan

D  protein 

A  calcium; water 

B  protien; lipids

C  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

D  water; calcium

A  cell membrane

B  flagellar proteins

C  peptidoglycan 

D  protein

A  the membrane of the mother cell 

B  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

C  proteins produced by the mother cell

D  the cell wall of the mother cell

A  parent cell

B  mother cell

C  father cell

D  haploid cell

A  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

B  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

C  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

D  As a normal part of cellular growth

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  Complex media

C  Temperature of 45°C

D  pH = 4

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

B  a frozen cell

C  a metabolically active cell 

D  a non-diving bacterial cell

A  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

B  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  They can lead to systemic infections. 

A  Catheters

B  All of the chioces are correct

C  Artificial heart valves

D  Teeth

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  pH gradient

B  oxygen gradient

C  nutrient concentration

D  All of the choices are correct. 

A  IL-4

B  Exopolymer

C  Exotoxin

D  Lysozyme

A  Flagella

B  Spike proteins

C  Fimbriae and flagella 

D  Fimbriae

A  Moist abiotic surfaces

B  Dry abiotic surfaces

C  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

D  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

A  on teeth

B  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

C  on shower curtains

D  on the walls of swimming pools

A  maintaining cell shape

B  transferring DNA to other cells

C  motility

D  attachment

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Gram-negative cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  pilus; genetic exchange

B  membrane; genetic exchange

C  membrane; nutrient transfer

D  flagellum; motility

A  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

B  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

C  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

D  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

A  The position of flagella within the cell wall

B  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

C  The number of cilia present on a cell

D  The direction of flagellar rotation 

E  The number of flagella present on a cell

A  Fimbriae

B  Cilia

C  Flagella 

D  Pili

A  Chemicals

B  Light

C  Sound

D  Temperature

A  Fimbria

B  Capsule 

C  Flagellum

D  Pilus

A  Capsule

B  Flagellum

C  Fimbria

D  Pilus 

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

A  Fimbriae-motility 

B  Capsule-protective layer

C  Flagellum-motility

D  Pilus-attachment

A  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

B  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

C  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

A  Klebsiella 

B  Pseudomonas

A  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

B  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

C  Clear halos around the cells 

A  Lipids

B  Proteins

C  Carbohydrates 

D  Nucleic acids

A  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

B  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

C  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

A  Yellow or green discharge

B  Ear wax

C  Dental plaque

D  Salivary secretions