Final Exam

A  The majority of the war was fought in the winter months because it never snows in Korea.

B  It successfully united all of Korea under a pro-American government.

C  General MacArthur endorses Truman’s decision not to use nuclear weapons.

D  It demonstrates that the war which began in Europe was now a global conflict.

E  The south invades the north wanting to reunite Korea under communist control.

A  Reagan embraced the human rights initiatives of the Carter administration’s foreign policy.

B  The Reagan administration presides over the largest military build up in American history.

C  Reagan adopted a policy of “peace through strength” and calls the Soviet Union an “evil empire.”

D  President Reagan sent troops to Grenada to oust a pro-Cuban government.

E  Reagan proposes a space-based system to intercept and destroy enemy missiles.

A  It led to the resignation of President Nixon and a presidential pardon from President Ford.

B  It demonstrated an abuse of power by high-ranking government officials.

C  It undermined confidence in the Democratic Party.

D  It demonstrated the stalwart dedication of two Washington Post journalists who broke an important national story.

E    

F  It brought to the public’s awareness how easy it was to infiltrate the Democratic National Committee’s headquarters.

A  The Federal Electricity Act (FEA)

B  The Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

C  The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

D  The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

E  The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

A  Eliminate economic and environmental regulations.

B  Overhaul the welfare system.

C  Cut back on taxes.

D  Expand affirmative action programs.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  was for Mexican-Americans to abandon their Mexican past and the new Chicano culture.

B  was low wages and oppressive working conditions.

C  was getting the support of local growers to agree to labor contracts.

D  was their inability to work out contracts with major growers prompting the UFW to engage in nonviolent protests and a national boycott of California grapes.

E  was overcoming obstacles that kept the organization from achieving any success.

A  that the United States needed to contribute billions of dollars to finance the economic recovery of Europe.

B  that an “iron curtain” had descended across Europe, partitioning the free West from the communist East.

C  that communist ideology will drive the Soviet Union to expand their power throughout the world, and only the United States had the ability to stop them.

D  that the Soviet Union was on the verge of replacing communism with consumer capitalism and “free market” principles.

A  Suburbanization softened the racial lines of division in American life.

B  As late as the 1990s, nearly 50 percent of suburban whites lived in communities with non-whites.

C  Urban renewal was a government program that halted the practice of banks and real estate developers from engaging in housing discrimination.

D  Urban renewal was a program that provided federal funds to renovate poor neighborhoods for the benefit of non-whites.

E  Suburbia had the effect of creating racial uniformity.

A  Bush was elected after winning a tiny margin of the popular vote.

B  More people watched the Bush/Gore debates than the Kennedy/Nixon debates.

C  The decision in Bush v. Gore allowed the counting of Florida ballots.

D  It caused Americans to disengage from the public sphere.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  A strategy to blame Ho Chi Minh for the conflict in Vietnam and take the blame away from the United States.

B  A brilliant policy that limited the war and quieted the antiwar movement.

C  A directive to key military advisors and officers to implement a plan that would assimilate U. S. soldiers to life in Vietnam.

D  A gradual withdrawal of American troops with South Vietnamese soldiers continuing the war.

E  A reaction to the My Lai Massacre in which he committed more American troops to combat.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Food Stamps.

B  Legal services for the poor.

C  Head Start.

D  Job training.

E  Peace Corps.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Tulsa, Oklahoma.

B  Topeka, Kansas.

C  Oxford, Mississippi.

D  Birmingham, Alabama.

E  Little Rock, Arkansas.

A  Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.

B  Professor Dunlap

C  Alger Hiss.

A  Health care industry

B  Retail businesses

C  Hotels and restaurants

D  Automobile manufactures

E  Government agencies

A  The Social Insurance Act.

B  The Emergency Banking Act.

C  The Wagner Act.

D  The Glass-Steagall Act.

E  The Social Security Act.

A  Social media and “selfies.”

B  Consensus and conformity.

C  Stability and authority.

D  Liberty and freedom.

A  “trickle-down economics”

B  “supply-side economics”

A    

B  Stagflation.

C  The Misery Index.

A  Virginia minister Jerry Falwell

B  Reverend Billy Graham

C  Bishop Fulton J. Sheen

D  Father Charles E. Coughlin

A  The Works Progress Administration set unemployed young men to work on projects like forest preservation, flood control, and the improvement of national parks and wildlife preserves.

B  The Public Works Administration built stadiums, swimming pools, and sewage treatment plants.

C  The Civil Works Administration constructed highways, tunnels, courthouses, and airports.

D  The Tennessee Valley Authority authorized the government to raise farm prices and set production quotas for major crops.

E  The Civilian Conservation Corps built dams to prevent foods and deforestation along the Tennessee River.

A  Most professions in the 1920s were trending toward retailing, finance, and education.

B  A handful of firms dominated numerous sectors of the economy.

C  Forty percent of the population lived in poverty during the 1920s.

D  Industrial workers wages rose disproportionately to corporate profits.

E  Germany defaulted on its reparations payments to France and Britain.

A  Congress of Racial Equality.

B  Southern Christian Leadership Conference.

C  Students for a Democratic Society.

D  Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee.

E  Young Americans for Freedom.

A  There were more Africans coming to the United States during the Atlantic slave trade than the late 20th century.

B  The influx of Africans coming to the United States changed the racial landscape.

C  African countries complained of losing so many of their physician, teachers, and other skilled workers.

D  Africans were the largest percentage of immigrants coming to the Unites States in the late 20th century.

A  It was endorsed by Johnson and presented to Congress less than a week after John Kennedy’s assassination.

B  It was embraced by female and liberal members of congress.

C  It prohibited racial discrimination in public institutions and privately-owned public accommodations such as restaurants, hotels, and theaters.

D  It outlawed poll taxes and literacy tests that discriminated against African American voters.

E  It banned discrimination on the grounds of sex.

A  Wallace (Progressive Party), Truman (Democrat), Thurmond (State’s Rights Democratic Party),  Dewey (Republican).

B  Truman (Republican), Dewey (Democrat), Thurmond (Progressive Party), Wallace (State’s Rights Democratic Party).

C  Dewey (Republican), Truman (Progressive Party), Wallace (State’s Rights Democratic Party), Thurmond (Democrat).

D  Thurmond (State’s Rights Democratic Party) , Dewey (Progressive Party), Truman (Democrat),  Wallace (Republican).

A  Anti-Defamation League.

B  International Labor Defense.

C  Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP)

D  National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

E  The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).

A  American troops invaded the Soviet-controlled zone of Berlin and destroyed military outposts.

B  The United States along with Britain and France introduced a separate currency in their zones.

C  The Soviets were unable to cut off road and rail traffic from the American, British, and French zones of occupied Germany to Berlin.

D  Truman signed an executive order that would dissolve the Soviet Zone and divide its territory equally among France, Britain, and the United States.

E  The United States conducted an eleven-month airlift with Western planes supplying fuel and food to their zones.

A  In the 1950s, movie theater attendance replaced TV watching as the nation’s leading leisure activity.

B  Television provided news programing, but newspapers were the most common source of information about public events.

C  Television programs were controversial and often projected the harsh reality of suburban America.

D  Only a small percentage of American homes had television by the end of the 1950s.

E  It provided Americans of all regions and backgrounds with a common cultural experience.

A  Southern Christian Leadership Conference.

B  Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee.

C  Young Americans for Freedom.

D  Congress of Racial Equality.

E  Students for a Democratic Society.

A  Affirmative action.

B  Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC).

C  Minimum Wage Act (MWA)

D  Block grants.

E  Family Assistance Plan.

A  Genocide

B  Ethnic cleansing

C  Apartheid

A  The repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act in 1999.

B  The idea that the federal government would always be there to rescue the big banks.

C  Discount and online firms that charged lower fees than traditional brokers.

D  The free trade and deregulation polices supported by a Republican Congress and president Clinton.

E  Big banks and corporate lawyers collecting fees for pushing certain companies stocks.

A  Abortion rights.

B  Racial inequality.

C  Equal Rights Amendment.

D  Tax reform.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Vietnam exemplifies how American leaders seemed more comfortable with dealing with democratic governments than military regimes.

B  A peace conference in Geneva divided Vietnam temporarily into northern and southern districts with elections scheduled for 1956 to unify the country.

C  Eisenhower sent American troops to Vietnam to avert French defeat in 1954.

D  The Eisenhower administration funneled billions of dollars in aid to bolster Japanese efforts to preserve its Asian empire in Vietnam.

E  With U.S. backing, the anticommunist leader Ngo Dinh Diem moved quickly to hold elections believing it would result in a victory for his party.

A  returned both houses of Congress to the Democrats since the 1920s.

B  ushered in a Congress that endorsed Truman’s Fair Deal.

C  ushered in a Congress that was pro labor.

D  ensured a conservative coalition of lawmakers along with southern Democrats.

E  ushered in a Congress that endorsed Truman’s civil rights agenda.

A  Some elected officials.

B  Labor leaders.

C  Black activists.

D  Anti-Communists.

E  Southern New Dealers.

A  those in the black community who were advantaged by higher-wage jobs and affordable housing in Harlem.

B  those in the black community who rejected black stereotypes and a searched for black values.

C  those in the black community who visited Harlem’s dance halls, jazz clubs, and speakeasies in search of exotic adventure.

D  those in the black urban community of Harlem who moved to the rural south for greater economic opportunities.

E  those in the black community who were disadvantaged by segregation.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  The Environmental Protection Agency.

B  Block Grants.

C  The Occupational Health and Safety Administration.

D  The National Transportation Safety Board.

E  The National Endowments for the Humanities and for the Arts.

A  New York Times v. Sullivan

B  Griswold v. Connecticut.

C  Loving v. Virginia.

D  Roe v. Wade.

E  Miranda v. Arizona.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  It was established immediately after the Soviets formalized their own eastern European alliance.

B  It pledged mutual defense against any future Soviet attack.

C  It was established by the United States, Canada, and ten western European nations.

D  It came about as a response to the Soviet Union testing its first atomic bomb in 1949.

E  West Germany became a crucial part of NATO.

A  Civil Works Administration.

B  Public Works Administration.

C  Civilian Conservation Corp.

D  Works Progress Administration.

E  The Agricultural Adjustment Act.

A  The federal government forced employers to provide private pensions and medical insurance to employees.

B  Corporations paid more attention to the human factor in employment.

C  The blacklisting of union organizers to prevent or defeat strikes.

D  Unions agreed to demands by employers.