L13 Lipids

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Question #1

How are triglycerides formed?

A Triglycerides are formed through dehydration synthesis, which results in the addition of H2O molecules.

B Triglycerides are formed through hydrolysis, which results in the production of H2O molecules.

C Triglycerides are formed through dehydration synthesis, which results in the loss of H2O molecules.

D Triglycerides are formed through hydrolysis, which results in the loss of H2O molecules.

Question #2

Oil and water don’t mix because water has polar bonds while oils have nonpolar bonds.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

Like soap, which of the following molecules is also amphipatic – having both a hydrophilic and hydrophobic end?

A glycerol

B Water

C Waxes

D Phospholipids

Question #4

Commercially, liquid vegetable oils are converted to solid fats such as margarine by ________.

A hydrolysis

B hydration

C oxidation

D hydrogenation

Question #5

What is the key difference between phospholipids and fats?

A Phospholipids have three fatty acids and fats have two

B Phospholipids have two fatty acids and fats have three

C Fats have glycerol

D Phosphoplipids do not have glycerol

Question #6

What type of bonds found between carbon atoms cause fats to form kinks?

A polar

B ionic

C double

D proton

Question #7

Micelles of fatty acids in water are organized such that the ___ face the solvent and the ___ are directed toward the interior.

A hydrophobic tails; hydrophilic heads

B carboxylic acid groups; hydrocarbon chains

C The first and second answers are both correct

D hydrophilic heads; hydrophobic tails

E hydrocarbon chains; carboxylic acid groups

Question #8

The products of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a fat are ________.

A glycerophospholipids

B fatty acids and glycerol

C salts of fatty acids and glycerol

D salts of fatty acids

E the esters of fatty acids

Question #9

Which of the following lipids will give a single molecule of fatty acid when hydrolyzed?

A glycerophospholipid

B fat

C wax

D steroid

Question #10

The molecular formula of glycerol is …

A CH3OH

B C3H8O3

C C2H6O2

D C4H10O4

Question #11

Which of the following occurs when a greasy plate is placed in soapy water and scrubbed?

A The hydrophilic head of the soap bonds to grease.

B The hydrophobic tail of the soap bonds to grease.

C The soap froths but does not actually bond with the grease.

D The hydrophobic tail of the soap bonds to water.

Question #12

Choose the amphipatic molecules.

A waxes

B cholesterol and waxes

C cholesterol

D Glycerophospholipids, cholesterol and fatty acids

E Fatty acids and waxes

Question #13

Octadecanoic acid has a higher boiling point than hexadecanoic acid.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #14

Triglycerides containing unsaturated fatty acids tend to be solid at room temperature

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #15

Triglycerides containing saturated fatty acids tend to be solid at room temperature

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #16

Which of the following is TRUE about glycerophospholipids?

A Glycerophospholipids are a subset (subgroup) of phospholipids

B Glycerophospholipids can sometimes be sphingolipids, depending on the bonds in their head groups

C Glycerophospholipids contain only saturated fatty acids

D Glycerophospholipids have only one glycerol, on polar head group, and one fatty acid tail

Question #17

Fats and oils are respectively rich in

A saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

B unsaturated fatty acids

C none of these

D saturated fatty acids

Question #18

Which reaction can be used to convert oils into fats?

A saponification

B hydrogenation

C hydrolysis

D esterification

E dehydration

Question #19

The product of an esterification reaction between which of the following molecules would be an oil? I. CH3(CH2)14COOH
II. CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
III. HOCH2CH2OH
IV. HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH

A I and II

B I and IV

C II and III

D II and IV

E I and III

Question #20

The chemical makeup of fats is

A esters of glycerol with three identical unsaturated fatty acids

B esters of glycerol with three predominantly saturated fatty acids

C esters of glycerol with three identical saturated fatty acids

D simple esters of long chain alcohols and fatty acids

E esters of glycerol with three predominantly unsaturated fatty acids

Question #21

Which of the following is NOT a biochemical function of waxes?

A Physical protection of mammalian ears

B Structural materials in beehives

C Waterproofing of feathers in shore birds

D Prevention of water loss by leaves

E Energy storage for animals

Question #22

Triglycerides belong to which general class of organic molecules.

A ethers

B carboxylic acids

C esters

D ketones

E alcohols

Question #23

Which molecule is a saturated fatty acid?

A CH3CH=CHCH2COOH

B (CH3)2CH(CH2)3COOH

C CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

D CH3(CH2)14COOH

E None of the above

Question #24

Which molecule is a fatty acid?

A CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

B (CH3)2CH(CH2)3COOH

C CH2=CHCOOH

D CH3COOH

E None of the above

Question #25

Most naturally occurring monounsaturated fatty acids can be classified as which of the following?

A L

B cis

C D

D trans

Question #26

Biomolecules can be classified as lipids on the basis of

A the physical properties of odor, color, and melting point within certain guidelines.

B the presence of at least one amine group and one carboxylic acid group on each molecule.

C the physical property of solubility in nonpolar organic solvents.

D the presence of many hydroxyl groups and at least one carbonyl group.

E a common structure consisting of long hydrocarbon chains.

Question #27

Biomolecules classified as lipids are

A soluble in non-polar solvents.

B polymers of diacids and diamines.

C polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, or compounds which produce those when hydrolyzed.

D six-membered rings with delocalized electrons.

E polymers of α-amino acids.

Question #28

Substances originating in plant or animal material and soluble in non-polar organic solvents are classified as

A nucleic acids

B lipids

C carbohydrates

D proteins

E amino acids

Question #29

Lipids with four fused carbon rings and various functional groups attached are known as

A steroids

B phospholipids

C saturated fats

D chitin

E fatty acids

Question #30

Phospholipid contains

A long water-soluble carbon chains and positively charged functional groups

B hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails

C long water-soluble carbon chains

D positively charged functional groups

Question #31

Triacylglycerols are

A insoluble in water

B soluble in water

C partially soluble in water

D soluble in water at elevated temperature

Question #32

Which of the following best describes the cholesterol molecule?

A Polar, uncharged

B Nonpolar, uncharged

C Polar, charged

D Amphipathic

E Nonpolar, charged

Question #33

Biological waxes are all:

A esters of single fatty acids with long-chain alcohols

B triesters of glycerol and palmitic acid

C triesters of glycerol and three long chain saturated fatty acids

E sphingolipids

F None of the above

Question #34

Triacylglycerols are composed of:

A a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids

B a glycerol backbone, three fatty acids , and amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol

C a glycerol backbone and amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol

Question #35

Which of the following molecules or substances contain, or are derived from, fatty acids?

A Sphingolipids

B Beeswax

C Triacylglycerols

D Glycolipids

E All of the above contain or are derived from fatty acids.

Question #36

What term describes molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties?

A amphiprotic

B amphibian

C amphipathic

D amphoteric

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