L13 Lipids

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Question #1

How are triglycerides formed?

A Triglycerides are formed through dehydration synthesis, which results in the addition of H2O molecules.

B Triglycerides are formed through hydrolysis, which results in the loss of H2O molecules.

C Triglycerides are formed through hydrolysis, which results in the production of H2O molecules.

D Triglycerides are formed through dehydration synthesis, which results in the loss of H2O molecules.

Question #2

Oil and water don’t mix because water has polar bonds while oils have nonpolar bonds.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

Like soap, which of the following molecules is also amphipatic – having both a hydrophilic and hydrophobic end?

A Phospholipids

B Waxes

C glycerol

D Water

Question #4

Commercially, liquid vegetable oils are converted to solid fats such as margarine by ________.

A hydrolysis

B oxidation

C hydrogenation

D hydration

Question #5

What is the key difference between phospholipids and fats?

A Fats have glycerol

B Phosphoplipids do not have glycerol

C Phospholipids have two fatty acids and fats have three

D Phospholipids have three fatty acids and fats have two

Question #6

What type of bonds found between carbon atoms cause fats to form kinks?

A polar

B ionic

C proton

D double

Question #7

Micelles of fatty acids in water are organized such that the ___ face the solvent and the ___ are directed toward the interior.

A hydrophilic heads; hydrophobic tails

B hydrophobic tails; hydrophilic heads

C The first and second answers are both correct

D hydrocarbon chains; carboxylic acid groups

E carboxylic acid groups; hydrocarbon chains

Question #8

The products of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a fat are ________.

A salts of fatty acids

B salts of fatty acids and glycerol

C the esters of fatty acids

D glycerophospholipids

E fatty acids and glycerol

Question #9

Which of the following lipids will give a single molecule of fatty acid when hydrolyzed?

A wax

B fat

C glycerophospholipid

D steroid

Question #10

The molecular formula of glycerol is …

A CH3OH

B C3H8O3

C C4H10O4

D C2H6O2

Question #11

Which of the following occurs when a greasy plate is placed in soapy water and scrubbed?

A The hydrophobic tail of the soap bonds to water.

B The soap froths but does not actually bond with the grease.

C The hydrophilic head of the soap bonds to grease.

D The hydrophobic tail of the soap bonds to grease.

Question #12

Choose the amphipatic molecules.

A cholesterol and waxes

B Glycerophospholipids, cholesterol and fatty acids

C Fatty acids and waxes

D cholesterol

E waxes

Question #13

Octadecanoic acid has a higher boiling point than hexadecanoic acid.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Triglycerides containing unsaturated fatty acids tend to be solid at room temperature

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #15

Triglycerides containing saturated fatty acids tend to be solid at room temperature

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #16

Which of the following is TRUE about glycerophospholipids?

A Glycerophospholipids have only one glycerol, on polar head group, and one fatty acid tail

B Glycerophospholipids are a subset (subgroup) of phospholipids

C Glycerophospholipids contain only saturated fatty acids

D Glycerophospholipids can sometimes be sphingolipids, depending on the bonds in their head groups

Question #17

Fats and oils are respectively rich in

A unsaturated fatty acids

B saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

C none of these

D saturated fatty acids

Question #18

Which reaction can be used to convert oils into fats?

A dehydration

B esterification

C hydrolysis

D saponification

E hydrogenation

Question #19

The product of an esterification reaction between which of the following molecules would be an oil? I. CH3(CH2)14COOH
II. CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
III. HOCH2CH2OH
IV. HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH

A II and III

B I and III

C I and II

D I and IV

E II and IV

Question #20

The chemical makeup of fats is

A esters of glycerol with three predominantly unsaturated fatty acids

B simple esters of long chain alcohols and fatty acids

C esters of glycerol with three identical unsaturated fatty acids

D esters of glycerol with three identical saturated fatty acids

E esters of glycerol with three predominantly saturated fatty acids

Question #21

Which of the following is NOT a biochemical function of waxes?

A Energy storage for animals

B Structural materials in beehives

C Waterproofing of feathers in shore birds

D Physical protection of mammalian ears

E Prevention of water loss by leaves

Question #22

Triglycerides belong to which general class of organic molecules.

A ketones

B alcohols

C esters

D carboxylic acids

E ethers

Question #23

Which molecule is a saturated fatty acid?

A (CH3)2CH(CH2)3COOH

B CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

C CH3CH=CHCH2COOH

D CH3(CH2)14COOH

E None of the above

Question #24

Which molecule is a fatty acid?

A CH3COOH

B CH2=CHCOOH

C CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

D (CH3)2CH(CH2)3COOH

E None of the above

Question #25

Most naturally occurring monounsaturated fatty acids can be classified as which of the following?

A cis

B L

C trans

D D

Question #26

Biomolecules can be classified as lipids on the basis of

A the presence of at least one amine group and one carboxylic acid group on each molecule.

B the presence of many hydroxyl groups and at least one carbonyl group.

C a common structure consisting of long hydrocarbon chains.

D the physical properties of odor, color, and melting point within certain guidelines.

E the physical property of solubility in nonpolar organic solvents.

Question #27

Biomolecules classified as lipids are

A polymers of diacids and diamines.

B polymers of α-amino acids.

C polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, or compounds which produce those when hydrolyzed.

D six-membered rings with delocalized electrons.

E soluble in non-polar solvents.

Question #28

Substances originating in plant or animal material and soluble in non-polar organic solvents are classified as

A proteins

B nucleic acids

C carbohydrates

D lipids

E amino acids

Question #29

Lipids with four fused carbon rings and various functional groups attached are known as

A fatty acids

B phospholipids

C steroids

D chitin

E saturated fats

Question #30

Phospholipid contains

A long water-soluble carbon chains

B long water-soluble carbon chains and positively charged functional groups

C hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails

D positively charged functional groups

Question #31

Triacylglycerols are

A soluble in water

B partially soluble in water

C soluble in water at elevated temperature

D insoluble in water

Question #32

Which of the following best describes the cholesterol molecule?

A Amphipathic

B Polar, charged

C Nonpolar, uncharged

D Nonpolar, charged

E Polar, uncharged

Question #33

Biological waxes are all:

A triesters of glycerol and three long chain saturated fatty acids

B triesters of glycerol and palmitic acid

C esters of single fatty acids with long-chain alcohols

E sphingolipids

F None of the above

Question #34

Triacylglycerols are composed of:

A a glycerol backbone and three fatty acids

B a glycerol backbone, three fatty acids , and amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol

C a glycerol backbone and amide linkages between the fatty acids and the glycerol

Question #35

Which of the following molecules or substances contain, or are derived from, fatty acids?

A Triacylglycerols

B Beeswax

C Glycolipids

D Sphingolipids

E All of the above contain or are derived from fatty acids.

Question #36

What term describes molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties?

A amphibian

B amphoteric

C amphipathic

D amphiprotic

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