Week 5 Step 5 Recall Noba Module 5

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Question #1

The human brain has developed in numerous ways over the course of evolution. For example, ______, an ancestor of the modern human that lived over 2 million years ago, had a larger brain volume than its own ancestors but far less than modern humans.

A the bonobo

B australopithecus

C homo sapiens

D the chimpanzee

E homo habilis

Question #2

The ______ nervous system includes nerves and neurons that are located outside of the brain and spinal cord, and facilitates communication to other parts of the body.

A peripheral

B somatic

C central

D parasympathetic

E autonomic

Question #3

There is a very popular fighting-oriented video game in which characters often kill each other at the end of their match. One character’s finishing move is to grab his opponent and tear his spine out. His final stance is to stand up holding the opponent’s brain and spinal cord up high in a victorious pose. In biological terms, this combatant is holding his opponent’s ______ nervous system.

A autonomic

B peripheral

C sympathetic

D essential

E central

Question #4

Which of the following neurotransmitters is known to have an impact on such functions as sleep, hunger, and mood?

A acetylcholine

B serotonin

C gamma-aminobutyric acid

D epinephrine

E dopamine

Question #5

The ______ system can be thought of a massive network of cells that allows for communication within the body.

A neurological

B excretory

C nervous

D hormonal

E endocrine

Question #6

While driving to the beach for a vacation, your family gets stuck in traffic for over an hour. Each car sits very close to the one in front of it and the one behind it, but there is a small space that separates each car. In a system of neurons, such gaps between cells would be called ______.

A vesicles

B synaptic gaps

C receptor sites

E dendrites

F axon hillocks

Question #7

Ritchard and Kenny go out to have dinner at their favorite restaurant to celebrate their 3-year anniversary. Ritchard orders the paella, his favorite dish of rice and seafood. With every bite he closes his eyes and sighs with happiness. What part of Ritchard’s cerebral cortex is probably most active as he is enjoying the taste of his dinner?

A the parietal lobe

B the temporal lobe

C the corpuscular lobe

D the occipital lobe

E the frontal lobe

Question #8

The electrical part of a neural signal – the message that gets sent down an axon and toward the next neuron – is called a(n) ______.

A action potential

B resting potential

C membranous activation

D electrostatic innervation

E agnostic impulse

Question #9

Which of the following would NOT be considered a structure that is part of the limbic system?

A the amygdala

B the pituitary gland

C the medulla

D the thalamus

E the hypothalamus

Question #10

Which part of the brain, located on the left side of the frontal lobe, was identified by a surgeon as being implicated in speech production?

A Broca’s area

B Roger’s villi

C Werth’s sulcus

D Buchdahl’s cortex

E Wernicke’s center

Question #11

13-year old Laila is taken to her doctor when her parents recognize that she is having symptoms related to her movement and posture. The doctor sends her to a neurologist, who orders an MRI of her brain. The doctor is not surprised to find out that Laila has a small growth on her ______, and speaks to the parents about how this will be treated so that Laila’s symptoms will resolve.

A pons

B cerebrum

C pineal gland

D diencephalon

E cerebellum

Question #12

The thick bundle of neurons that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres is called the ______. This structure allows those hemispheres to communicate with each other.

A hypothalamus

B amygdala

C central sulcus

D hippocampus

E corpus callosum

Question #13

The single most basic part of the human brain – a part that is seen in other, less-evolved animals – is the ______. This essential area helps to regulate such critical functions as breathing, digestion, and the beating of your heart.

A reticular activating system

B cerebral cortex

C limbic system

D brainstem

E midbrain

Question #14

Which of the following brain imaging techniques provides the highest level of temporal resolution?

A positron emission tomography (PET)

B computer tomography (CT)

C magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

D electroencephalography (EEG)

E functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Question #15

Charlise suffers from severe epilepsy and has several seizures a week. Her neurologist has tried several different medications to control the illness, all without success. Now she is concerned that Charlise will suffer brain damage if the seizures continue, and has recommend a split-brain procedure. She describes to Charlise that this surgery will involve severing the ______to reduce electrical activity between the two hemispheres of her cerebral cortex.

A basal root ganglia

B substantia nigra

C corpus callosum

D diencephalon

E locus coeruleus

Question #16

Which part of your body occupies the largest amount of space on the precentral gyrus, which is also known as the “primary motor cortex?”

A the feet

B the heart

C the fingers

D the brain

E the lips

Question #17

Astrid has been having migraines lately, and they go to visit their doctor. The doctor sends them to have a brain imaging test that will measure changes in the naturally occurring oxygen in the blood in their brain. Which type of procedure is Astrid going to have?

A bilateral electroconvulsive viewing (BEV)

B functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

C positron emission tomography (PET)

D electromyography (EMG)

E diffuse optical imaging (DOI)

Question #18

Which type of brain imaging technique involves shining an infrared light on a person’s head to see how it changes as it penetrates the brain?

A ultrasound spectoscopic monitoring (USM)

B UV tensor imaging (UTI)

C gamma radiation projection (GRP)

D microwave emission assessment (MEA)

E diffuse optical imaging (DOI)

Question #19

Why would it be accurate to say that neural communication is an ‘electrochemical process’?

A because motor neurons send messages electrically, while sensory neurons send messages chemically

B because the system is electrical within a neuron, but chemical between neurons

C because sensory neurons send messages electrically, while motor neurons send messages chemically

D because emotions are chemical, but thinking is electrical

E because there are two types of neurons: one for (slow) chemical signals and one for (fast) electrical signals)

Question #20

Which area of the brain is associated with complex problem solving, planning and organization?

A manual lobe

B occipital lobe

C frontal lobe

D parietal lobe

E temporal lobe

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Week 5 Step 5 Recall Noba Module 5

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