Final Chapter 7,8.9,10, & 12

A  1803

B  1911

C  2016

D  1789

A  one individual charges that he or she has been injured by another’s negligence or malfeasance.

B  the plaintiff is not allowed to appeal the verdict if he or she loses.

C  the government immediately appeals the verdict if it loses.

D  the defendant is not allowed to appeal the verdict if he or she loses.

A  important because differences in wording and emphasis can have important implications for how the decision is interpreted in future litigation.

B  important because every word of a decision is legally binding.

C  unimportant because all justices usually describe their decisions in exactly the same way.

D  unimportant because the final vote of the justices is the only statement that carries any weight in future cases.

A  a plea bargain.

B  an amicus curiae.

C  a quid pro quo.

D  a pro bono settlement.

A  criminal

B  constitutional

C  civil

D  common

A  the president

B  the Supreme Court

C  the bureaucracy

D  Congress

A  sets the procedures for filing appellate cases in the federal court system.

B  defines the jurisdiction of the various state court systems.

C  governs agency rule making.

D  sets the procedures for filing appellate cases in the various state court systems.

A  18

B  50

C  100

D  160

A  33

B  50

C  97

D  68

A  The solicitor general is the chief legal counsel for the White House.

B  The solicitor general is the head of the Department of Justice.

C  The solicitor general is the chief lawyer for Congress who makes advisory opinions on the constitutionality of legislative proposals.

D  The solicitor general is the lawyer who represents the United States before the Supreme Court in cases where the federal government is a party.

A  the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

B  the Federal Reserve System

C  the Secretary of the Treasury

D  the Internal Revenue Service

A  the U.S. federal government.

B  Apple.

C  Amazon.

D  Walmart.

A  the domination of a few large companies in the regulation of iron mining and smelting

B  the stable relationship between a bureaucratic agency, a clientele group, and a legislative committee

C  the breakdown in the separation of powers between Congress, the federal judiciary, and the president

D  the inability to reform federal rules without help from the House of Representatives, the Senate, and the president

A  secretary of defense

B  Department of Homeland Security

C  U.S. Army

D  U.S. Marine Corps

A  is established by the president without congressional approval.

B  charges fees to consumers but carries out governmental responsibilities.

C  is established by Congress but not part of a Cabinet-level department.

D  is part of a Cabinet-level department.

A  bureau-level agency; Cabinet-level department

B  Cabinet-level department; bureau-level agency

C  bureau-level agency; independent agency

D  independent agency; bureau-level agency

A  900,000

B  600,000

C  100,000

D  1.3 million

A  an independent agency.

B  a government corporation.

C  part of the Department of Agriculture.

D  part of the Department of the Interior.

A  states have a much harder time implementing programs than the federal government does.

B  Congress is removed completely from the United States’ foreign policy process.

C  there is no potential for variation in the provision of services and benefits across states.

D  there are potentially large variations in the provision of services and benefits across states.

A  by federal ballot initiatives.

B  by Supreme Court decisions.

C  by executive orders from the president.

D  by laws passed in Congress.

A  the unitary executive.

B  elite pluralism.

C  pluralism.

D  absolutism.

A  3

B  12

C  0

D  8

A  cabinet secretaries

B  open Senate seats

C  all state Supreme Court justices

D  open seats in the House of Representatives

A  charged by the House and tried in the Senate, with the Chief Justice presiding and a two-thirds vote needed for conviction.

B  charged by the Senate and tried in the House, with the Chief Justice presiding and a two-thirds vote needed for conviction.

C  charged by the House and tried in the Senate, with the Chief Justice presiding and a 50 percent plus one vote needed for conviction.

D  charged by the Senate and tried in the House, with the Chief Justice presiding and a 50 percent plus one vote needed for conviction.

A  Rutherford B. Hayes

B  Abraham Lincoln

C  Andrew Johnson

D  Andrew Jackson

A  Congress

B  the presidency

C  the Supreme Court

D  the executive bureaucracy

A  must be approved by the Senate and are responsible to the Senate and to Congress at large.

B  do not have to be approved by the Senate and are not responsible to the Senate or to Congress at large.

C  must be approved by the Senate, but not responsible to the Senate or to Congress at large.

D  do not have to be approved by the Senate but are responsible to the Senate and to Congress at large.

A  requiring two-thirds of both the House and the Senate to vote in favor of any presidential order to deploy federal troops within the United States.

B  stating that a state government must request federal troops before the president can deploy them within that state to provide public order.

C  strictly prohibiting presidents from ever deploying federal troops within the United States.

D  requiring a majority of both the House and the Senate to vote in favor of any presidential order to deploy federal troops within the United States.

A  A presidential veto has never been successfully overridden by Congress.

B  Approximately half of presidential vetoes throughout American history have been successfully overridden by Congress.

C  Nearly all presidential vetoes are successfully overridden by Congress.

D  Fewer than 10 percent of all presidential vetoes throughout American history have been successfully overridden by Congress.

A  “going public” strategy.

B  delegated powers of the presidency.

C  expressed powers of the presidency.

D  inherent powers of the presidency.

A  national defense and environmental protection

B  law enforcement and oversight

C  health care and education

D  national defense and the federal budget

A  to represent the president overseas

B  to serve as Speaker of the House of Representatives

C  to run the day-to-day operations of the Executive Office of the President

D  to cast tie-breaking votes in the Senate

A  Congress.

B  the Supreme Court.

C  the president’s party.

D  the Constitution.

A  State Department

B  National Security Council

C  War Council

D  Council on Foreign Relations

A  USA PATRIOT Act of 2001

B  War Powers Resolution of 1973

C  National Security Act of 1947

D  Boland Amendment of 1982

A  it has the power to veto any legislation passed by Congress that negatively impacts the federal budget.

B  the Constitution requires that the president receive its approval for every administrative rule change he or she proposes and for every tax increase he or she suggests.

C  its personnel are an integral part of virtually every conceivable presidential responsibility, such as overseeing regulatory proposals, reporting on agency activities, and preparing the national budget.

D  it is granted the authority under the Constitution to pass the federal budget.

A  three-fourths of both houses of Congress

B  two-thirds of both houses of Congress

C  a majority of both houses of Congress

D  a unanimous vote of both houses of Congress

A  Inherent

B  Delegated

C  Implied

D  Expressed

A  requested by the president, and comity demands that his or her request is always accepted.

B  mandated by the Constitution.

C  based on tradition but was discontinued during the Great Depression and World War II.

D  required by a law passed by Congress in 1803 and renewed ever since.

A  that accepts anyone as a member.

B  in which members play an important role in the daily activities and administration.

C  in which members vote directly for their leaders.

D  in which only members may receive benefits.

A  free-rider problem; selective benefits

B  principal-agent problem; collective goods

C  free-rider problem; collective goods

D  principal-agent problem; selective benefits

A  $50,000

B  $500,000

C  $5,000

D  $500

A  private interests are hiding behind the ideals of public interests.

B  public interest groups are now actively involving private corporations.

C  the free-rider problem does not apply to private corporations.

D  credit card companies are interested in the public good.

A  in 1958 as an effort to find affordable health insurance for retired teachers.

B  in 1932 as an effort to convince Congress to enact Social Security.

C  in 2001 as an effort to prevent the George W. Bush administration’s tax cuts.

D  in 1965 as an effort to push for the passage of Medicare.

A  promoted by early twentieth-century liberals as a way of protecting immigrant rights.

B  promoted by late nineteenth-century religious conservatives as a way to restore “moral values” to the country.

C  established at the federal level by the Twenty-Sixth Amendment to the Constitution.

D  promoted by late nineteenth-century Populists and Progressives as an antidote to interest group influence in the legislative process.

A  2

B  62

C  42

D  22

A  campaign workers

B  legal assistance

C  money

D  information

A  in 2003 as a protest movement fighting against the war in Iraq.

B  in 1998 as an email group fighting against the impeachment of President Bill Clinton.

C  in 2010 as a lobbying organization opposed to the Affordable Care Act.

D  in 1996 as a social networking site for progressive activists opposed to free-trade agreements.

A  blue-collar workers whose formative experience was the Great Depression

B  conservative evangelical southerners, reacting to the cultural changes of the 1960s

C  upper-middle-class professionals, for whom the civil rights and antiwar movements of the 1960s were key experiences

D  recent immigrants to the United States

A  Although party elites have some influence in the nominations process, average citizens play an outsized role in selecting the candidates who will compete in the general election.

B  Party leaders and average citizens play roughly equal roles in selecting the candidates who will compete in the general election.

C  Party leaders are legally prohibited from playing any role in the nominations process.

D  Although average citizens have some influence in the nominations process, party elites play an outsized role in selecting the candidates who will compete in the general election.

A  political parties.

B  corporations.

C  political action committees.

D  political consulting firms.

A  The number of people identifying as Republicans outnumbered Democratic identifiers between 1960 and 2008, but more people have identified as Democrats than Republicans since 2008.

B  The number of people identifying as Republicans has outnumbered Democratic identifiers for a long time.

C  The number of people identifying as Democrats outnumbered Republican identifiers between 1960 and 2008, but more people have identified as Republicans than Democrats since 2008.

D  The number of people identifying as Democrats has outnumbered Republican identifiers for a long time.

A  the president.

B  a state legislator.

C  a governor.

D  a U.S. senator.

A  prospective voting

B  a referendum

C  retrospective voting

D  gerrymandering

A  divided party government

B  proportional representation

C  an electoral realignment

D  external mobilization

A  Men are significantly more likely than women to identify with the Democratic Party, whereas more women identify as independents.

B  A majority of men and women identify as Republicans, but more men than women identify with the Republican Party.

C  There are no significant differences between men and women in terms of their political partisanship.

D  Women are significantly more likely than men to identify with the Democratic Party, whereas more men identify as independents.

A  nominating candidates

B  raising the most money

C  winning elections

D  creating the party platform