Exam 3

A  when methyl groups were attached to the Agouti gene, there was a higher incidence of obesity and diabetes

B  the mouse fed a methyl-rich diet was obese and yellow

C  diet did not affect the mice’s epigenome

D  the mouse fed a methyl-rich diet was healthy and brown

A  may include changes in the structures that surround the DNA

B  can be genetically transmitted to offspring.

C  may be caused by diet or other lifestyle habits

D  all of the above

A  the relation between inherited traits and the effects of environments that individuals seek out

B  that the environment is what creates criminal behavior

C  that the inherited trait of sensation seeking caused him to become a criminal

D  None of the above.

A  the chance that genetic effects will replicate in an additional sample

B  the proportion of total variance in trait that is due to genetic influences

C  the proportion of genetic influences in trait that is due to total variance

D  the chance that reliable genetic effects are statistically significant

A  0

B  0.5

C  1

D  0.25

A  research shows that environmental factors such as social class and styles of child rearing affect personality development

B  some behavioral genetic research shows that the shared family environment matters

C  perhaps the personality measures that are typically used in studies of behavioral genetics do not adequately capture the essence of personality as it emerges from family experiences

D  All of the above.

A  shared family environment actually has a larger effect on personality than does shared non-family environment (i.e., school)

B  molecular geneticists identified the specific alleles associated with each of the Big Five personality traits

C  shared environment was related to personality when personality was measured through self-report data

D  shared environment was related to personality when personality was measured through direct behavioral observation

A  The personality traits of adoptive siblings raised in the same family are correlated above .25.

B  The personality traits of adoptive siblings raised in the same family are correlated only at .05.

C  The personality traits of DZ twins are correlated at .30 on average.

D  The personality traits of MZ twins are correlated at .50 on average.

A  100; 50

B  90; 10

C  50; 100

D  50; 25

A  phenotype; genotype

B  genotype; phenotype

C  genetic map; genetic architecture

D  phenotype; genogram

A  fraternal twins; identical twins

B  identical twins; fraternal twins

C  adoptive siblings; genetic siblings

D  genetic siblings; fraternal twins

A  vary among groups of individuals; vary among individuals

B  differ from one individual to another; all humans share

C  are species-specific; are individual-specific

D  all humans share; differ from one individual to another

A  heritability science

B  behavioral genetics

C  behavioral Darwinism

D  evolutionary biology

A  the differences, if not understood, may cause misunderstandings

B  cross-cultural research informs us about the generalizability of research findings

C  such differences tell us about variability in human experiences

D  All of the above.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Evolutionary theorizing consists of after-the-fact speculations that can not be put to empirical test.

B  Evolutionary theorists assume that everybody wants many children when, in fact, many people limit their own reproduction.

C  Evolutionary theorists assume that behavior patterns present today are essentially inevitable and unchangeable because they are rooted in our biology.

D  All of the above.

A  behavioral patterns evolve as reactions to specific environmental experiences (and that if different individuals inhabit different environments, they will then exhibit different behavioral patterns).

B  individuals differ in terms of the behavioral strategies that make the most sense, given their other characteristics.

C  some biologically-influenced behavior may be “frequency dependent” (only appearing in some subset of the population).

D  All of the above.

A  his partner will form an emotional bond with another person

B  his partner will leave for another person

C  Both he is not the biological father of the children that he is supporting, and his partner will form an emotional bond with another person

A  extraverts; introverts

B  women; men

C  introverts; extraverts

D  men; women

A  personality disorders; associated with mental health

B  mental health; associated with personality disorders

C  mental health; positively associated with cognitive ability

D  mental health; not necessarily associated with mental health

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  “Coke . . . It’s a tradition!”

B  “Be yourself . . . Drink Coke!”

C  Both b and c are individualistic.

D  “Seven out of ten people prefer Coke!”

A  tight; loose

B  individualistic; collectivist

C  emic; etic

D  complex; simple

A  a women from Japan

B  an African American women

C  a man from India

D  an European American man

A  tight; loose

B  tough; easy

C  collectivist; individualistic

D  simple; complex

A  cultures that promote an independent self are typically structured around families

B  Japanese adults are more likely to have an independent self than American adults

C  in cultures that promote an interdependent self, people tend to react positively to those who stand out

D  people with an interdependent sense of self are more likely to gain self-esteem by maintaining harmony with others than by expressing their unique qualities

A  Men placing more importance on looks than women do

B  Women’s attraction to dominant men

C  Women finding high-status men attractive

D  Men’s greater sexual jealousy

A  give more answers that refer to group membership when asked “who are you?”

B  dislike drawing attention to themselves

C  emphasize egalitarian relationships

D  value the maintenance of group harmony over individual needs

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  their behavior was the logical response to the situation

B  their “positive” behaviors are always are a result of the situation

C  their behavior arises from a chronic pattern of activities

D  their behavior arises from who they are

A  anxiety

B  hostility

C  fear

D  depression

A  are able to provide accurate self-reports; exists separately from

B  unable to provide accurate self-reports; exists separately from

C  are able to provide accurate self-reports; depends on

D  unable to provide accurate self-reports; depends on

A  the I

B  self-schema

C  the procedural self

D  self-esteem

A  men’s and women’s behavioral tendencies will change over thousands of years, if at all

B  men’s and women’s behavioral tendencies will change relatively quickly (over hundreds of years)

C  men’s and women’s behavioral tendencies will probably never change

D  men will primarily adopt child-rearing duties and women will primarily adopt the duties of rulers and warriors

A  TRUE

B  FALSE