Lecture Exam 1

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Question #1

A medical technology student is learning to count blood cells the low-tech way: using a microscope and a special slide called a hemocytometer. She has just found a round, white blood cell that contains large dark-navy granules. The cell’s nucleus appears bilobed, but it’s difficult to see, so she is not sure. The student is probably looking at

A neutrophil

B monocyte

C lymphocyte

D eosinophil

E basophil

Question #2

Which of the following does NOT belong with the group?

A hemophilia

B platelet aggregation

C coagulation

D fibrinolysis

Question #3

Semilunar valves of the heart are positioned:

A at the exits of the ventricles.

B at the entrance of the venae cava.

C between atria and ventricles.

D in the interatrial septum.

Question #4

Stoppage of bleeding is called:

A coagulation

B hemostasis

C platelet plug

D vascular spasm

E homeostasis

Question #5

Put the following in order of increasing complexity (put the simplest item first…).
1. Hemoglobin
2. Heme
3. Erythrocyte
4. Oxygen
5. Cardiovascular System

A 4,2,1,3,5

B 1,2,3,4,5

C 2,4,3,5,1

D 3,2,4,1,5

Question #6

Which of the following is the correct formula used to calculate Cardiac Output (CO)?

A CO = EDV-ESV

B CO = SV x HR

C CO = EDV+ SV

D CO = BP x SV

Question #7

The amount of blood remaining in a ventricle at the end of systole is the

A end-systolic volume

B ejection fraction

C stroke volume

D end-diastolic volume

E cardiac output

Question #8

Which of the following statements about the heart anatomy is incorrect?

A coronary sinus returns blood from the lung to the great cardiac vein

B pulmonary veins return blood from the lungs to the left atrium

C papillary muscles are located in the ventricles of the heart

D pulmonary artery takes blood form the right ventricle to the lung

E SA node is located at the base of the SVC

Question #9

During the transmission of action potentials through the conduction system of the heart, there is a temporary delay at the:

A Purkinje fibers

B bundle branches

C AV node

D SA node

E AV bundle

Question #10

Your teacher gave you a Wright stain with various developmental stages of a certain blood cell. To your delight, you were able to identify (i) myelocytes (ii) myeloid stem cells (iii) hemocytoblasts (iv)and some cells in the band stage! Which of the following is the most likely the blood cell seen on the Wright stain?

A lymphocytes

B eosinophils

C monocytes

D erythrocytes

E megakarocytes

Question #11

Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the group?

A AV node

B Bundle Branches

C AV bundle

D AV valves

E SA node

Question #12

____ is the most abundant leukocytes while ___ is the least abundant phagocytes, respectively.

A Neutrophils and basophils

B Lymphocytes and eosinophils

C Lymphocytes and monocytes

D Neutrophils and monocytes

E Basophils and neutrophils

Question #13

In situation A you have a normal male hematocrit, and in situation B you have a normal female hematocrit. Which of the following statements best represents these 2 situations?

A A > B

B A = B

C A < B

D None of the above

Question #14

Inappropriate use of synthetic erythropoietin, by athletes, may result in increased blood viscosity or elevated hematocrit. This condition is called___________.

A leukopenia

B thrombosis

C polycythemia

D blood doping

E hypoxia

Question #15

During stroke volume, the pressure in the ventricles forces AV and semi-lunar valves open

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #16

All of the following scenarios would have poor effect on venous return EXCEPT:

A a person with late stage liver disease

B a bedridden person

C a person in a wheelchair

D a person in a marathon

Question #17

Jim’s SV= 75ml/b, and ESV = 60 ml. Which of the following is true about Jim’s EDV?

A Jim has no EDV because his SV is too high

B Jim’s EDV= 135 ml

C Jim’s EDV= 125 ml

D Jim’s EDV= 120 ml

E Jim’s EDV= 60 ml

Question #18

Anemia:
1. is a condition in which the ability of the blood to carry oxygen decreases.
2. maybe caused by deficient amounts of iron or vitamin in the diet.
3. is associated with excessive numbers of erythrocytes.
4. is associated with abnormal RBC structure and hemoglobin concentration
5. maybe caused by chronic or acute blood loss

A 3, and 4

B 2, 3, and 4

C 1 only

D 1, 2, 4 and 5

Question #19

During which of the following phases of the cardiac cycle does the ventricle contract, intraventricular pressure rises and, closing of all the valves?

A Ventricular diastole

B Isovolumetric relaxation

C Ventricular filling

D Isovolumetric contraction

E Ventricular ejection

Question #20

Which of these conditions observed in an ECG would most likely suggest that the pacemaker is not conducting action potential?

A complete lack of P wave

B complete lack of QRS complex

C P wave and QRS complexes are not synchronized

D increase cardiac output

E complete lack of T wave

Question #21

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A iron is removed from the blood by the transporter protein transferrin

B eosinophils are specialized to destroy parasites

C monocytes must be converted to macrophages before phagocytosis

D erythroblastesis fetalis is the anemia that occurs in Rh – negative mothers

E hemopoiesis is the process by which formed elements are developed

Question #22

Which of the following best describes the ratio of the formed elements in the blood?

A RBC > platelets >WBC

B platelets < WBC

C platelets = WBC

D WBC < RBC

Question #23

Which of the following is NOT correct?

A Most adults have around 5 million RBCs/µL of blood.

B RBCs are recycled by the spleen

C The average life span of an erythrocyte is 120 days.

D RBCs are spherical in shape and granulated

E Mature red blood cells are called erythrocytes.

Question #24

Cardiac output

A is the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta.

B is the volume of blood ejected from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk.

C total amount of blood in the body

D is the product of the stroke volume and the heart rate.

Question #25

The lupp sound is heard during ventricular sytole

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #26

A person experiencing an allergic reaction to a bee sting would have an increase in count.

A lymphocytes and eosinophils

C basophils and eosinophils

D erythrocytes and thrombocytes

E monocytes and neutrophils

F neutrophils and basophils

Question #27

Which of the following indicates a normal differential count in a healthy adult?

A 50% lymphocytes, 30% neutrophils, 10% eosinophils, 8% monocytes, 2% basophils

B 65% neutrophils, 25% lymphocytes, 6% eosinophils, 2% monocytes, 2% basophils.

C 65% neutrophils, 25% lymphocytes, 6% monocytes, 3% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

D 65% lymphocytes, 20% neutrophils, 10% monocytes, 4% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

E 50% neutrophils, 30% lymphocytes, 15% monocytes, 4% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

Question #28

Which of the following is NOT an example of a formed element in whole blood?

A erythrocytes

B eosinophils

C mast cells

D thrombocytes

E lymphocytes

Question #29

Which of the following pair best describes the fate of RBC destruction?

A Globin = is broken down into amino acids for synthesis of new proteins

B Iron = is converted into transferrin and stercobilin in the liver and large intestine

C Heme = is converted into bilirubin which then converts into biliverdin in the liver

D None of the above is correctly matched

Question #30

The valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle is the:

A Semilunar aortic value

B Bicuspid value

C Tricuspid value

D Pulmonic semilunar valve

E Both bicuspid and semilunar value

Question #31

The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each heart beat is called________

A Preload

B Stroke volume (SV)

C Cadiac Output (CO)

D End diastolic volume (EDV)

E End Systolic Volume (ESV)

Question #32

A person with end-stage kidney disease may have a red blood cell count that is lower than normal because:

A the kidneys are an important site of erythropoiesis.

B the kidneys don’t synthesize enough hemoglobin.

C red blood cells are lost into the urine.

D not enough erythropoietin is secreted to stimulate red blood cell formation.

E the damaged kidneys actively destroy red blood cells as they flow through renal vessels.

Question #33

B-lymphocytes convert into plasma cells, before they produce antibodies. Which of the following leukocytes must also be converted inot macrophage before phagocytosis?

A T-lymphocytes

B neutrophils

C basophils

D monocytes

Question #34

Mary’s blood test reveals and elevated blood count of 14% eosinophils and 75% neutrophils. What is the most reasonable conclusion can you draw about Mary?

A Mary’s eosinophil, monocyte and lymphocyte counts are normal

B Mary may have chronic viral infection

C Mary may have a parasitic infection

D Mary has Hay Fever and a cold

Question #35

Which of the following substance is NOT a component of plasma?

A creatine

B sodium

C glucose

D iron

E monocyte

Question #36

To calculate EDV , you must sum SV and ESV

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #37

The corresponding mechanical events of P wave and the QRS complex are _____ and ______respectively?

A contraction of the atria; contraction of the ventricle

B Depolarization of the ventricles; polarization of the SA Node

C Repolarization of the ventricles; polarization of the atria and ventricles

D Contraction of the AV node; relaxation of the SA node

Question #38

These are events in clotting of blood, put the answers in CORRECT order.

1. Severing of a vessel

2. Clot retraction

3. Fibrin formation

4. Agglutination of platelets

A 3, 4, 1, 2

B 1, 4, 3, 2

C 4, 1, 2, 3

D 2, 3, 4, 1

Question #39

During the Ventricular Systole, the pressure rapidly ________ in the ventricles forcing the ______ valves closed.

A decreases, AV

B increases, semi-lunar

C increases, AV

D decreases, semi-lunar

Question #40

Which of the following constituent of blood plasma forms the network of fibers seen in a clot during the coagulation process?

A prothrombin

B albumin

C calcium

D thromboplastin

E fibrinogen

Question #41

Given these structures of the conduction system of the heart, choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order the action potential passes through them.
1. AV bundle
2. AV node
3. Bundle branches
4. Purkinje Fibers
5. SA node

A 5-2-4-3-1

B 2-5-3-1-4

C 5-2-1-3-4

D 2-5-4-1-3

Question #42

Atrial contraction accounts for most of the ventricular filling

A TRUE

B FALSE

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