Lecture Exam 1

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Question #1

A medical technology student is learning to count blood cells the low-tech way: using a microscope and a special slide called a hemocytometer. She has just found a round, white blood cell that contains large dark-navy granules. The cell’s nucleus appears bilobed, but it’s difficult to see, so she is not sure. The student is probably looking at

A neutrophil

B eosinophil

C monocyte

D lymphocyte

E basophil

Question #2

Which of the following does NOT belong with the group?

A coagulation

B fibrinolysis

C hemophilia

D platelet aggregation

Question #3

Semilunar valves of the heart are positioned:

A between atria and ventricles.

B at the entrance of the venae cava.

C in the interatrial septum.

D at the exits of the ventricles.

Question #4

Stoppage of bleeding is called:

A homeostasis

B coagulation

C platelet plug

D vascular spasm

E hemostasis

Question #5

Put the following in order of increasing complexity (put the simplest item first…).
1. Hemoglobin
2. Heme
3. Erythrocyte
4. Oxygen
5. Cardiovascular System

A 1,2,3,4,5

B 3,2,4,1,5

C 4,2,1,3,5

D 2,4,3,5,1

Question #6

Which of the following is the correct formula used to calculate Cardiac Output (CO)?

A CO = SV x HR

B CO = EDV+ SV

C CO = EDV-ESV

D CO = BP x SV

Question #7

The amount of blood remaining in a ventricle at the end of systole is the

A end-systolic volume

B end-diastolic volume

C cardiac output

D stroke volume

E ejection fraction

Question #8

Which of the following statements about the heart anatomy is incorrect?

A SA node is located at the base of the SVC

B pulmonary veins return blood from the lungs to the left atrium

C coronary sinus returns blood from the lung to the great cardiac vein

D papillary muscles are located in the ventricles of the heart

E pulmonary artery takes blood form the right ventricle to the lung

Question #9

During the transmission of action potentials through the conduction system of the heart, there is a temporary delay at the:

A Purkinje fibers

B SA node

C AV bundle

D AV node

E bundle branches

Question #10

Your teacher gave you a Wright stain with various developmental stages of a certain blood cell. To your delight, you were able to identify (i) myelocytes (ii) myeloid stem cells (iii) hemocytoblasts (iv)and some cells in the band stage! Which of the following is the most likely the blood cell seen on the Wright stain?

A megakarocytes

B lymphocytes

C eosinophils

D monocytes

E erythrocytes

Question #11

Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the group?

A AV node

B AV valves

C Bundle Branches

D AV bundle

E SA node

Question #12

____ is the most abundant leukocytes while ___ is the least abundant phagocytes, respectively.

A Lymphocytes and monocytes

B Neutrophils and basophils

C Lymphocytes and eosinophils

D Neutrophils and monocytes

E Basophils and neutrophils

Question #13

In situation A you have a normal male hematocrit, and in situation B you have a normal female hematocrit. Which of the following statements best represents these 2 situations?

A A = B

B A < B

C A > B

D None of the above

Question #14

Inappropriate use of synthetic erythropoietin, by athletes, may result in increased blood viscosity or elevated hematocrit. This condition is called___________.

A leukopenia

B hypoxia

C blood doping

D polycythemia

E thrombosis

Question #15

During stroke volume, the pressure in the ventricles forces AV and semi-lunar valves open

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #16

All of the following scenarios would have poor effect on venous return EXCEPT:

A a person in a marathon

B a bedridden person

C a person with late stage liver disease

D a person in a wheelchair

Question #17

Jim’s SV= 75ml/b, and ESV = 60 ml. Which of the following is true about Jim’s EDV?

A Jim has no EDV because his SV is too high

B Jim’s EDV= 60 ml

C Jim’s EDV= 125 ml

D Jim’s EDV= 120 ml

E Jim’s EDV= 135 ml

Question #18

Anemia:
1. is a condition in which the ability of the blood to carry oxygen decreases.
2. maybe caused by deficient amounts of iron or vitamin in the diet.
3. is associated with excessive numbers of erythrocytes.
4. is associated with abnormal RBC structure and hemoglobin concentration
5. maybe caused by chronic or acute blood loss

A 1 only

B 2, 3, and 4

C 3, and 4

D 1, 2, 4 and 5

Question #19

During which of the following phases of the cardiac cycle does the ventricle contract, intraventricular pressure rises and, closing of all the valves?

A Isovolumetric relaxation

B Isovolumetric contraction

C Ventricular diastole

D Ventricular filling

E Ventricular ejection

Question #20

Which of these conditions observed in an ECG would most likely suggest that the pacemaker is not conducting action potential?

A P wave and QRS complexes are not synchronized

B complete lack of P wave

C increase cardiac output

D complete lack of T wave

E complete lack of QRS complex

Question #21

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A eosinophils are specialized to destroy parasites

B erythroblastesis fetalis is the anemia that occurs in Rh – negative mothers

C monocytes must be converted to macrophages before phagocytosis

D iron is removed from the blood by the transporter protein transferrin

E hemopoiesis is the process by which formed elements are developed

Question #22

Which of the following best describes the ratio of the formed elements in the blood?

A RBC > platelets >WBC

B platelets < WBC

C platelets = WBC

D WBC < RBC

Question #23

Which of the following is NOT correct?

A Most adults have around 5 million RBCs/µL of blood.

B The average life span of an erythrocyte is 120 days.

C Mature red blood cells are called erythrocytes.

D RBCs are spherical in shape and granulated

E RBCs are recycled by the spleen

Question #24

Cardiac output

A is the volume of blood ejected from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk.

B total amount of blood in the body

C is the product of the stroke volume and the heart rate.

D is the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta.

Question #25

The lupp sound is heard during ventricular sytole

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #26

A person experiencing an allergic reaction to a bee sting would have an increase in count.

A lymphocytes and eosinophils

C neutrophils and basophils

D basophils and eosinophils

E monocytes and neutrophils

F erythrocytes and thrombocytes

Question #27

Which of the following indicates a normal differential count in a healthy adult?

A 50% lymphocytes, 30% neutrophils, 10% eosinophils, 8% monocytes, 2% basophils

B 65% neutrophils, 25% lymphocytes, 6% eosinophils, 2% monocytes, 2% basophils.

C 50% neutrophils, 30% lymphocytes, 15% monocytes, 4% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

D 65% neutrophils, 25% lymphocytes, 6% monocytes, 3% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

E 65% lymphocytes, 20% neutrophils, 10% monocytes, 4% eosinophils, 1% basophils.

Question #28

Which of the following is NOT an example of a formed element in whole blood?

A eosinophils

B thrombocytes

C lymphocytes

D erythrocytes

E mast cells

Question #29

Which of the following pair best describes the fate of RBC destruction?

A Heme = is converted into bilirubin which then converts into biliverdin in the liver

B Globin = is broken down into amino acids for synthesis of new proteins

C Iron = is converted into transferrin and stercobilin in the liver and large intestine

D None of the above is correctly matched

Question #30

The valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle is the:

A Semilunar aortic value

B Pulmonic semilunar valve

C Bicuspid value

D Tricuspid value

E Both bicuspid and semilunar value

Question #31

The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles with each heart beat is called________

A End diastolic volume (EDV)

B Preload

C Stroke volume (SV)

D End Systolic Volume (ESV)

E Cadiac Output (CO)

Question #32

A person with end-stage kidney disease may have a red blood cell count that is lower than normal because:

A the kidneys are an important site of erythropoiesis.

B not enough erythropoietin is secreted to stimulate red blood cell formation.

C the damaged kidneys actively destroy red blood cells as they flow through renal vessels.

D the kidneys don’t synthesize enough hemoglobin.

E red blood cells are lost into the urine.

Question #33

B-lymphocytes convert into plasma cells, before they produce antibodies. Which of the following leukocytes must also be converted inot macrophage before phagocytosis?

A basophils

B neutrophils

C monocytes

D T-lymphocytes

Question #34

Mary’s blood test reveals and elevated blood count of 14% eosinophils and 75% neutrophils. What is the most reasonable conclusion can you draw about Mary?

A Mary’s eosinophil, monocyte and lymphocyte counts are normal

B Mary may have a parasitic infection

C Mary has Hay Fever and a cold

D Mary may have chronic viral infection

Question #35

Which of the following substance is NOT a component of plasma?

A sodium

B iron

C creatine

D monocyte

E glucose

Question #36

To calculate EDV , you must sum SV and ESV

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #37

The corresponding mechanical events of P wave and the QRS complex are _____ and ______respectively?

A contraction of the atria; contraction of the ventricle

B Repolarization of the ventricles; polarization of the atria and ventricles

C Depolarization of the ventricles; polarization of the SA Node

D Contraction of the AV node; relaxation of the SA node

Question #38

These are events in clotting of blood, put the answers in CORRECT order.

1. Severing of a vessel

2. Clot retraction

3. Fibrin formation

4. Agglutination of platelets

A 3, 4, 1, 2

B 4, 1, 2, 3

C 1, 4, 3, 2

D 2, 3, 4, 1

Question #39

During the Ventricular Systole, the pressure rapidly ________ in the ventricles forcing the ______ valves closed.

A increases, semi-lunar

B increases, AV

C decreases, AV

D decreases, semi-lunar

Question #40

Which of the following constituent of blood plasma forms the network of fibers seen in a clot during the coagulation process?

A fibrinogen

B calcium

C prothrombin

D albumin

E thromboplastin

Question #41

Given these structures of the conduction system of the heart, choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order the action potential passes through them.
1. AV bundle
2. AV node
3. Bundle branches
4. Purkinje Fibers
5. SA node

A 2-5-3-1-4

B 5-2-4-3-1

C 5-2-1-3-4

D 2-5-4-1-3

Question #42

Atrial contraction accounts for most of the ventricular filling

A TRUE

B FALSE

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