Module 1 Exam

A  attrition

B  cohort effect

C  selective sampling

D  selective survival

A  time of measurement effect

B  age effect

C  gender effect

D  cohort effect

A  dependent; independent

B  quasi-experimental; correlational

C  correlational; quasi-experimental

D  independent; dependent

A  longitudinal research

B  quasi-experimental research

C  cross-sectional research

D  ethnographic research

A  correlation

B  experiment

C  theory

D  quasi-experiment

A  a longitudinal design

B  a cross-sectional design

C  a semi-reliable design

D  a quasi-experimental design

A  Variance from the mean; standardization

B  Standardization; variance from the mean

C  Reliability; validity

D  Validity; reliability

A  informed consent; debriefing

B  reliable; valid

C  internally measured; externally measured

D  non-numerical; numerical

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

A  Debriefing; informed consent

B  Confidentiality; reliability

C  Informed consent; debriefing

D  Reliability; confidentiality

A  Institutional Review Board

B  Ethical Standard Board

C  Department of Research

D  University Research Sponsorship Department

A  reliability

B  generalizability

C  validity

D  standardization

A  variable

B  population

C  hypothesis

D  theory

A  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

B  a group of people who participate in a research study

C  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

D  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

A  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

B  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

C  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

D  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

A  collecting data

B  selecting a research method and a research design

C  identifying a question of scientific interest

D  forming a hypothesis

A  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

B  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

C  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

D  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

A  macrosystem

B  chronosystem

C  mesosystem

D  exosystem

A  macrosystem

B  exosystem

C  chronosystem

D  mesosystem

A  schools, religious institutions, and the media

B  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

C  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

D  time and historical change

A  exosystem

B  mesosystem

C  macrosystem

D  microsystem

A  mesosystem

B  microsystem

C  exosystem

D  macrosystem

A  Freud

B  Bronfenbrenner

C  Erikson

D  Piaget

A  critical period

B  crisis

C  sensitivity

D  fixation

A  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

B  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

C  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

D  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

A  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

B  real self, fear self, future self

C  the self, the shadow, the anima

D  id, ego, superego

A  psychosocial

B  psychocognitive

C  psychosexual

D  psychobiological

A  behavioral therapy

B  psychosocial moratorium

C  psychoanalysis

D  humanistic psychology

A  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

B  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

C  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

D  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

A  low; high

B  high; low

C  moderate; low

D  high; moderate

A  education status

B  tax bracket status

C  socioeconomic status

D  social class status

A  minority culture

B  majority culture

C  subcultural groups

D  ethnic populace

A  rural cultures

B  traditional cultures

C  agrarian cultures

D  conventional cultures

A  about half of the middle class

B  the wealthy elite

C  most of the population

D  about one fourth of the middle class

A  70%

B  50%

C  30%

D  90%

A  40%

B  20%

C  80%

D  60%

A  60%

B  40%

C  80%

D  20%

A  collective culture

B  individualistic culture

C  developing country

D  developed country

A  Germany

B  Canada

C  the United States

D  Japan

A  27%, 73%

B  37%, 63%

C  18%, 82%

D  47%, 57%

A  Individualistic cultures

B  Collective cultures

C  Developed countries

D  Developing countries

A  population-rich countries

B  developed countries

C  developing countries

D  impoverished countries

A  decrease

B  increase slowly

C  increase more than developing countries

D  remain stable in population

A  developing countries

B  emerging countries

C  developed countries

D  South American countries

A  conceptions per woman

B  women on fertility drugs

C  births per woman

D  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

A  social networks

B  small world syndrome

C  globalization

D  the Internet

A  their genetic lineage

B  the expression of their phenotype

C  the strength of their id

D  their culture

A  change

B  development

C  growth

D  evolution