Module 1 Exam

A  selective survival

B  selective sampling

C  attrition

D  cohort effect

A  gender effect

B  cohort effect

C  time of measurement effect

D  age effect

A  independent; dependent

B  dependent; independent

C  correlational; quasi-experimental

D  quasi-experimental; correlational

A  ethnographic research

B  longitudinal research

C  quasi-experimental research

D  cross-sectional research

A  experiment

B  theory

C  quasi-experiment

D  correlation

A  a semi-reliable design

B  a quasi-experimental design

C  a cross-sectional design

D  a longitudinal design

A  Validity; reliability

B  Variance from the mean; standardization

C  Reliability; validity

D  Standardization; variance from the mean

A  non-numerical; numerical

B  internally measured; externally measured

C  reliable; valid

D  informed consent; debriefing

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

A  Confidentiality; reliability

B  Informed consent; debriefing

C  Debriefing; informed consent

D  Reliability; confidentiality

A  Ethical Standard Board

B  Institutional Review Board

C  University Research Sponsorship Department

D  Department of Research

A  reliability

B  standardization

C  validity

D  generalizability

A  variable

B  theory

C  hypothesis

D  population

A  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

B  a group of people who participate in a research study

C  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

D  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

A  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

B  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

C  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

D  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

A  forming a hypothesis

B  collecting data

C  selecting a research method and a research design

D  identifying a question of scientific interest

A  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

B  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

C  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

D  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

A  exosystem

B  macrosystem

C  chronosystem

D  mesosystem

A  mesosystem

B  chronosystem

C  exosystem

D  macrosystem

A  time and historical change

B  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

C  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

D  schools, religious institutions, and the media

A  mesosystem

B  exosystem

C  macrosystem

D  microsystem

A  exosystem

B  microsystem

C  macrosystem

D  mesosystem

A  Freud

B  Piaget

C  Bronfenbrenner

D  Erikson

A  fixation

B  sensitivity

C  crisis

D  critical period

A  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

B  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

C  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

D  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

A  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

B  id, ego, superego

C  real self, fear self, future self

D  the self, the shadow, the anima

A  psychosexual

B  psychobiological

C  psychocognitive

D  psychosocial

A  humanistic psychology

B  psychoanalysis

C  psychosocial moratorium

D  behavioral therapy

A  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

B  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

C  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

D  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

A  high; low

B  moderate; low

C  low; high

D  high; moderate

A  tax bracket status

B  social class status

C  education status

D  socioeconomic status

A  ethnic populace

B  majority culture

C  subcultural groups

D  minority culture

A  agrarian cultures

B  conventional cultures

C  traditional cultures

D  rural cultures

A  the wealthy elite

B  about half of the middle class

C  about one fourth of the middle class

D  most of the population

A  30%

B  50%

C  90%

D  70%

A  60%

B  40%

C  20%

D  80%

A  20%

B  40%

C  80%

D  60%

A  individualistic culture

B  developing country

C  collective culture

D  developed country

A  Japan

B  Germany

C  Canada

D  the United States

A  47%, 57%

B  18%, 82%

C  27%, 73%

D  37%, 63%

A  Developing countries

B  Individualistic cultures

C  Developed countries

D  Collective cultures

A  impoverished countries

B  population-rich countries

C  developing countries

D  developed countries

A  remain stable in population

B  decrease

C  increase more than developing countries

D  increase slowly

A  developed countries

B  developing countries

C  South American countries

D  emerging countries

A  women on fertility drugs

B  conceptions per woman

C  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

D  births per woman

A  the Internet

B  social networks

C  globalization

D  small world syndrome

A  the strength of their id

B  their genetic lineage

C  the expression of their phenotype

D  their culture

A  change

B  growth

C  evolution

D  development