Module 1 Exam

A  selective survival

B  cohort effect

C  attrition

D  selective sampling

A  cohort effect

B  age effect

C  time of measurement effect

D  gender effect

A  independent; dependent

B  dependent; independent

C  quasi-experimental; correlational

D  correlational; quasi-experimental

A  cross-sectional research

B  quasi-experimental research

C  longitudinal research

D  ethnographic research

A  experiment

B  quasi-experiment

C  correlation

D  theory

A  a longitudinal design

B  a quasi-experimental design

C  a cross-sectional design

D  a semi-reliable design

A  Validity; reliability

B  Standardization; variance from the mean

C  Variance from the mean; standardization

D  Reliability; validity

A  non-numerical; numerical

B  reliable; valid

C  informed consent; debriefing

D  internally measured; externally measured

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Reliability; confidentiality

B  Informed consent; debriefing

C  Debriefing; informed consent

D  Confidentiality; reliability

A  Department of Research

B  University Research Sponsorship Department

C  Ethical Standard Board

D  Institutional Review Board

A  generalizability

B  reliability

C  standardization

D  validity

A  population

B  theory

C  hypothesis

D  variable

A  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

B  a group of people who participate in a research study

C  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

D  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

A  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

B  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

C  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

D  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

A  identifying a question of scientific interest

B  forming a hypothesis

C  selecting a research method and a research design

D  collecting data

A  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

B  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

C  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

D  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

A  mesosystem

B  exosystem

C  macrosystem

D  chronosystem

A  mesosystem

B  exosystem

C  chronosystem

D  macrosystem

A  time and historical change

B  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

C  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

D  schools, religious institutions, and the media

A  microsystem

B  macrosystem

C  mesosystem

D  exosystem

A  mesosystem

B  exosystem

C  microsystem

D  macrosystem

A  Erikson

B  Piaget

C  Freud

D  Bronfenbrenner

A  sensitivity

B  fixation

C  crisis

D  critical period

A  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

B  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

C  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

D  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

A  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

B  id, ego, superego

C  real self, fear self, future self

D  the self, the shadow, the anima

A  psychocognitive

B  psychosocial

C  psychobiological

D  psychosexual

A  psychoanalysis

B  behavioral therapy

C  psychosocial moratorium

D  humanistic psychology

A  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

B  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

C  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

D  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

A  moderate; low

B  high; low

C  low; high

D  high; moderate

A  social class status

B  education status

C  socioeconomic status

D  tax bracket status

A  ethnic populace

B  majority culture

C  subcultural groups

D  minority culture

A  traditional cultures

B  conventional cultures

C  rural cultures

D  agrarian cultures

A  about half of the middle class

B  about one fourth of the middle class

C  most of the population

D  the wealthy elite

A  90%

B  70%

C  30%

D  50%

A  20%

B  40%

C  80%

D  60%

A  80%

B  40%

C  60%

D  20%

A  collective culture

B  individualistic culture

C  developing country

D  developed country

A  the United States

B  Germany

C  Canada

D  Japan

A  27%, 73%

B  47%, 57%

C  18%, 82%

D  37%, 63%

A  Developed countries

B  Collective cultures

C  Individualistic cultures

D  Developing countries

A  population-rich countries

B  impoverished countries

C  developing countries

D  developed countries

A  increase more than developing countries

B  decrease

C  increase slowly

D  remain stable in population

A  emerging countries

B  South American countries

C  developing countries

D  developed countries

A  births per woman

B  conceptions per woman

C  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

D  women on fertility drugs

A  small world syndrome

B  globalization

C  social networks

D  the Internet

A  the expression of their phenotype

B  the strength of their id

C  their genetic lineage

D  their culture

A  development

B  growth

C  change

D  evolution