Module 1 Exam

A  attrition

B  selective survival

C  cohort effect

D  selective sampling

A  cohort effect

B  gender effect

C  age effect

D  time of measurement effect

A  dependent; independent

B  independent; dependent

C  correlational; quasi-experimental

D  quasi-experimental; correlational

A  longitudinal research

B  cross-sectional research

C  ethnographic research

D  quasi-experimental research

A  theory

B  correlation

C  quasi-experiment

D  experiment

A  a longitudinal design

B  a quasi-experimental design

C  a semi-reliable design

D  a cross-sectional design

A  Reliability; validity

B  Validity; reliability

C  Standardization; variance from the mean

D  Variance from the mean; standardization

A  non-numerical; numerical

B  internally measured; externally measured

C  reliable; valid

D  informed consent; debriefing

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

C  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

D  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Confidentiality; reliability

B  Informed consent; debriefing

C  Debriefing; informed consent

D  Reliability; confidentiality

A  Institutional Review Board

B  Ethical Standard Board

C  Department of Research

D  University Research Sponsorship Department

A  validity

B  reliability

C  generalizability

D  standardization

A  hypothesis

B  variable

C  theory

D  population

A  a group of people who participate in a research study

B  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

C  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

D  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

A  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

B  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

C  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

D  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

A  forming a hypothesis

B  identifying a question of scientific interest

C  collecting data

D  selecting a research method and a research design

A  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

B  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

C  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

D  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

A  mesosystem

B  chronosystem

C  macrosystem

D  exosystem

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  chronosystem

D  exosystem

A  time and historical change

B  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

C  schools, religious institutions, and the media

D  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

A  mesosystem

B  exosystem

C  microsystem

D  macrosystem

A  exosystem

B  mesosystem

C  microsystem

D  macrosystem

A  Freud

B  Piaget

C  Erikson

D  Bronfenbrenner

A  fixation

B  sensitivity

C  crisis

D  critical period

A  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

B  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

C  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

D  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

A  id, ego, superego

B  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

C  real self, fear self, future self

D  the self, the shadow, the anima

A  psychobiological

B  psychocognitive

C  psychosocial

D  psychosexual

A  humanistic psychology

B  psychosocial moratorium

C  behavioral therapy

D  psychoanalysis

A  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

B  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

C  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

D  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

A  high; moderate

B  high; low

C  moderate; low

D  low; high

A  social class status

B  tax bracket status

C  education status

D  socioeconomic status

A  ethnic populace

B  minority culture

C  majority culture

D  subcultural groups

A  rural cultures

B  conventional cultures

C  traditional cultures

D  agrarian cultures

A  most of the population

B  the wealthy elite

C  about half of the middle class

D  about one fourth of the middle class

A  50%

B  30%

C  70%

D  90%

A  40%

B  20%

C  80%

D  60%

A  20%

B  60%

C  80%

D  40%

A  developing country

B  collective culture

C  individualistic culture

D  developed country

A  Japan

B  Canada

C  the United States

D  Germany

A  27%, 73%

B  18%, 82%

C  47%, 57%

D  37%, 63%

A  Developed countries

B  Collective cultures

C  Developing countries

D  Individualistic cultures

A  impoverished countries

B  population-rich countries

C  developing countries

D  developed countries

A  increase slowly

B  remain stable in population

C  decrease

D  increase more than developing countries

A  emerging countries

B  South American countries

C  developing countries

D  developed countries

A  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

B  women on fertility drugs

C  conceptions per woman

D  births per woman

A  globalization

B  the Internet

C  small world syndrome

D  social networks

A  the expression of their phenotype

B  the strength of their id

C  their genetic lineage

D  their culture

A  change

B  evolution

C  growth

D  development