Lecture Exam 1

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Question #1

How many globins (protein building blocks) are found in a single hemoglobin molecule?

A 1

B 8

C 6

D 2

E 4

Question #2

Fibrinolysis involves ________ of the fibrin framework, and it involves the protein _______.

A destruction, thrombokinase

B destruction,plasmin

C construction,plasmin

D construction,actinomyosin

E construction,thrombokinase

Question #3

Vascular spasms last

A several hours whentissue damage is moderate.

B several minuteswhen tissue damage is extensive.

C a few millisecondswhen tissue damage is moderate.

D almost a fullminute when tissue damage is extensive.

Question #4

Which are characteristic of type A blood?
a: Has anti-A antibodies
b: Has anti-B antibodies
c: Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes
d: Has surface antigen B on its erythrocytes
e: Has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes
f: Will agglutinate with blood type B

A a, c, f

B b, c, f

C b, c, d, f

D a, c, d, f

E a, d, f

Question #5

The globulins make up about ________ percent of all plasma proteins.

A 4

B 37

C 85

D 1

E 58

Question #6

Prostacyclin is an eicosanoid that acts as a

A plateletrepellant.

B plateletattractant.

Question #7

Which leukocytes are derived from the myeloid line?

A Lymphocytes and monocytes

B Basophils and eosinophils

C Lymphocytes

D Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

E Neutrophils

Question #8

Sodium, calcium, andbicarbonate are all described as plasma

A electrolytes.

B solvents.

C proteins.

D formed elements.

E nutrients.

Question #9

The antigen-antibody reaction is an example of the regulation function of blood.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #10

If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate

A the donor had typeO blood.

B the recipient hadtype AB blood.

C there were noagglutinins (antibodies) in the recipient blood.

D the wrong bloodtype was used.

Question #11

A comparison of the clinical hematocrit and true hematocrit would indicate that

A the truehematocrit is much larger.

B the clinicalhematocrit is much larger.

C their values arevery similar.

Question #12

During platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to

A collagen with theassistance of von Willebrand factor.

B prostacyclin withthe assistance of activated factor V.

C prostacyclin withthe assistance of thromboxane A2.

D collagen with theassistance of prothrombin.

E proconvertin with the assistance offactor IX.

Question #13

Which are the most numerous of the leukocytes?

A Neutrophils

B Lymphocytes

C Eosinophils

D Monocytes

E Basophils

Question #14

The type of leukocyte that will migrate in the blood and take up residence in the tissues as a macrophage is a(n)

A eosinophil.

B basophil.

C neutrophil.

D monocyte.

E lymphocyte.

Question #15

Which type of leukocyte releases histamine?

A Eosinophil

B Lymphocyte

C Monocyte

D Basophil

E Neutrophil

Question #16

For a relatively small injury, a platelet plug is formed within 1 minute.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #17

Iron, lactic acid, and lipids are all considered to be nutrients in blood plasma.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #18

When blood is centrifuged and its components separate, the bottom of the tube holds the

A monocytes.

B buffy coat.

C electrolytes andwaste products.

D erythrocytes.

E platelets.

F plasma.

Question #19

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones?

A Prevention

B Protection

C Regulation

D Transportation

Question #20

Which are characteristic of leukocytes?
a: Smaller than erythrocytes
b: Have a nucleus
c: Have no hemoglobin
d: More numerous than erythrocytes
e: Depending on type, may or may not contain granules

A a, b, c, d, e

B a, b, c, d

C a, b, e

D b, c, e

E b, c, d, e

Question #21

The smallest and most abundant plasma proteins are the

A globulins.

B endocrinehormones.

C fibrinogens.

D albumins.

E prothrombins.

Question #22

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of leukocytes and antibodies?

A Protection

B Regulation

C Transportation

D Prevention

Question #23

Erythrocytes exhibit a limited lifespan due to their inability to synthesize the proteins necessary to repair themselves.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #24

Which depicts the order of cell formation in erythropoiesis?
a: Proerythroblast
b: Normoblast
c: Myeloid stem cell
d: Reticulocyte
e: Erythroblast
f: Mature erythrocyte

A a, b, c, e, d, f

B c, b, a, d, e, f

C c, a, e, b, d, f

D a, c, d, b, e, f

E c, a, b, e, d, f

Question #25

How many oxygen molecules may bind to a single molecule of hemoglobin?

A 8

B 16

C 4

D 6

E 2

Question #26

Myofibrils within cardiac muscle cells are aligned in sarcomeres.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #27

The papillary muscles attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves by means of the

A trabeculaecarneae.

B tendinous cords.

C conusarteriosus.

D tricuspidvalve.

E pectinatemuscles.

Question #28

Which are functions performed by the fibrous skeleton of the heart?
a: Separates the atria and ventricles
b: Anchors the heart valves
c: Provides electrical insulation between the atria and ventricles
d: Provides the framework for the attachment of the myocardium
e: None of these are true functions of the fibrous skeleton of the heart

A a, d

B a, b, c, d

C b, d

D e

E a, c, d

Question #29

During a cardiac cycle, how many of the four chambers contract at any one time?

A None of the choices is correct.

B 4

C 1

D 2

E Highly variable, depending on the heart beat rate

Question #30

All of the heart’s sulci house blood vessels that supply the myocardium.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #31

What are the cell-to-cell contacts of the cardiac muscle fibers called?

A Sarcoplasmic reticulum

B T-tubules

C Cardiac discs

D Intercalateddiscs

E Z discs

Question #32

Arteries carry blood toward the heart, while veins carry blood away from the heart.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #33

About 70% of the ventricle filling is achieved passively without the contraction of the atria.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #34

The receiving chambers of the heart are the atria, and the forcefully pumping chambers of the heart are the ventricles.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #35

Which are differences between cardiac muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue?
a: The sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac muscle is less extensive.
b: The sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac muscle is more organized.
c: Cardiac muscle has intercalated discs; skeletal muscle does not.
d: Cardiac muscle has 1 or 2 nuclei per cell; skeletal muscle has multiple nuclei per cell.
e: Cardiac muscle has more well-defined terminal cisternae.

A a, b, e

B a, c, d

C b, d, e

D b, c, e

E a, c, e

Question #36

The pulmonary trunk receives blood from the right ventricle and conducts it toward the lung. The pulmonary trunk is a(n)

A capillary.

B artery.

C vein.

Question #37

Someone with a heart block would have

A a short P-Rinterval.

B a short T-Pinterval.

C a long P-Rinterval.

D a long T-Pinterval.

Question #38

As blood is pumped out of the heart and into the major arteries leaving the heart, it

A pushes against theatrioventricular valves and opens them.

B fills the cusps ofthe semilunar valves, causing them to expand and block the backflow ofblood

C pushes against thesemilunar valves and closes them.

D fills the cusps ofthe atrioventricular valve causing opening of the bicuspid and closure of thetricuspid.

E pushes against thesemilunar valves and opens them.

Question #39

Which heart chambers containdeoxygenated blood?

A Left atrium and left ventricle

B Right atrium and left ventricle

C Left ventricle and right ventricle

D Right atrium and right ventricle

E Left atrium and right atrium

Question #40

The internal wall surface of each ventricle displays large, smooth, irregular muscular ridges called

A tendinous cords.

B trabeculaecarneae.

C pectinatemuscles.

D atrioventricularopening.

E conusarteriosus.

Question #41

During ventricular contraction, the semilunar valves close in order to permit the blood to enter the large arterial trunks that carry blood away from the heart.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #42

Which correctly describes the heart’s apex?

A Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the midline of the body

B Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the right side of the body

C Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the left side of the body

D Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the right side of the body

E Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the left side of the body

Question #43

The units for perfusion of blood are typically

A liters pergram.

B grams perminute.

C milliliters perminute per gram.

D millimiters perhour per kilogram.

E beats per minute per gram.

Question #44

The plateau phase of an action potential

A allows cardiacmuscle cells to contract and then relax without locking up.

B occurs only inskeletal muscle and makes those fibers’contractions most forceful.

C allows cardiacmuscle cells to exhibit synchronous fibrillation.

D leads to tetaniccontractions in smooth and skeletal muscle.

Question #45

Blood moves into and then out of a heart chamber because

A it moves along itspressure gradient, and that gradient depends on contraction and relaxationduring the cardiac cycle.

B it is underconstant pressure, but its movement is dictated by the control of valveopenings and closures.

C the veins andarteries constrict and dilate to propel and attract blood.

D All of the choicesare correct.

Question #46

To initiate a cardiac muscle cell contraction, calcium

A binds totroponin.

B binds toactin.

C binds to theZ-disc.

D binds tocalmodulin.

E binds to tropomyosin.

Question #47

What is the sequence of events in the transmission of an impulse through the heart muscle?
a: AV node
b: AV bundle
c: SA node
d: Through the atria
e: Through the ventricles
f: Bundle branches
g: Purkinje fibers

A f, g, d, c, b, a, e

B c, d, a, b, f, g, e

C d, b, a, c, f, g, e

D b, a, d, c, f, g, e

E c, d, a, f, b, g, e

Question #48

The opening and closing of theheart valves is caused by

A contraction andrelaxation of papillary muscles that pull on heart strings.

B action potentialswithin the cusps of the valves.

C pressure changes ofalternating contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.

D contraction of thesmooth muscle in the walls of the great vessels leaving the heart.

Question #49

The heart valves

A direct theconduction impulse through the heart muscle.

B stabilize and holdthe arteries leaving the heart.

C separate the rightand left sides of the heart.

D permit the passageof blood in one direction.

E are only used inthe fetal heart.

Question #50

Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions?

A Coronary circuit

B Visceral circuit

C Pulmonary circuit

D Systemic circuit

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