Chapter 9 Quiz

A    

B  Ghrelin, glycogen

C  Leptin, ghrelin

D  Ghrelin, leptin

E  Ketone, leptin

A  Strengthen the inappropriate eating cues you cannot eliminate.

B  Establish positive consequences for inappropriate eating or sedentary behaviors.

C  Repeat the inappropriate eating and physical activity behaviors.

D  Strengthen cues to appropriate eating and activities.

E  Diminish appropriate eating and activity cues.

F    

A  After surgery, the stomach is smaller, forcing the person to eat smaller portions.

B  Depression and anxiety can improve after surgery.

C  Surgery may help shift the makeup of the intestinal bacteria toward a healthier profile.

D  Diabetes, insulin resistance, high blood cholesterol, hypertension, and heart disease immediately improve.

E  After surgery, people can return to their previous lifestyle and food choices and not worry about regaining the weight.

A  Exercise reduces cortisol and gets rid of belly fat.

B  Working out builds muscle, and lean muscle tissue burns more calories per pound than fat does.

C  Working out requires extra sleep and getting extra sleep reduces food cravings and weight gain.

D  Physical activity decreases weight by promoting loss of bone density.

E  Working out weakens feelings of hunger; thus, active people generally eat less.

A  Eating highly palatable food decreases energy expenditure.

B  Brain scans have shown that obese people are less likely to prefer fruit and vegetables.

C  Obese people have too much dopamine.

D  Obese people are more likely to use cocaine.

E  Highly palatable food causes lasting changes in the brain’s reward system.

A  I and V only

B  I and III only

C  I, II, and III only

D  All are important strategies.

E  I, II, III, and IV

A  It is an appetite-stimulating hormone.

B  It is a satiety hormone.

C  Obese people are often resistant to the effects of leptin.

D  Fat loss suppresses leptin recognition.

E  It decreases energy expenditure.

A  adults older than 65 years

B  children

C  pregnant and lactating women

D  All these groups are correct.

E  athletes

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  three athletic problems: impaired speed, loss of balance, and inflexibility

B  three associated medical problems: low energy availability, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis

C  three behaviors common in female athletes: perfectionism, anxiety, and depression

D  three academic problems: poor test-taking skills, test anxiety, and fear of academic failure

E  three medical problems: heart disease, diabetes, and obesity

A  liver glycogen

B  protein from lean tissue

C  fatty acids

D  muscle glycogen

E  ketone bodies

A  fluctuating metabolism theory

B  microbiota theory

C  thermogenesis theory

D  hypothalamic weight-control theory

E  set-point theory

A  high body temperature

B  kidney failure

C  decreased basal metabolic rate

D  growth failure

E  weakened heart

A  hypothalamic weight-control theory

B  microbiota theory

C  thermogenesis theory

D  set-point theory

A  Cognitive skills, such as thinking habits, cannot be altered.

B  Only a trained psychotherapist should use behavior modification techniques.

C  Self-acceptance predicts failure, while self-loathing predicts success.

D  Thinking habits are just as important as eating habits to achieving a healthy body weight.

E  Many people succeed because their mental dialogue degrades their inappropriate habits.

A  protein from lean tissue

B  muscle glycogen

C  fatty acids

D  liver glycogen

E  ketone bodies

A  the elderly

B  women over 50

C  pregnant women

D  athletes

E  adults between the ages of 19 and 50

A  his or her thermic effect of food

B  his or her basal metabolic rate

C  his or her energy expended through voluntary activities

D  his or her total energy output

E  his or her body mass index (BMI)

A  Food B: weighs 40 grams and provides 250 calories

B  Food C: weighs 50 grams and provides 100 calories

C  Food D: weighs 600 grams and provides 1,000 calories

D  Food A: weighs 38 grams and provides 300 calories

E  Food E: weighs 200 grams and provides 750 calories

A  having diabetes

B  smoking

C  hang-gliding

D  drinking too much alcohol

E  horseback riding