Chapter 9 Quiz

A  Leptin, ghrelin

B  Ghrelin, glycogen

C    

D  Ghrelin, leptin

E  Ketone, leptin

A  Establish positive consequences for inappropriate eating or sedentary behaviors.

B    

C  Strengthen the inappropriate eating cues you cannot eliminate.

D  Strengthen cues to appropriate eating and activities.

E  Diminish appropriate eating and activity cues.

F  Repeat the inappropriate eating and physical activity behaviors.

A  Diabetes, insulin resistance, high blood cholesterol, hypertension, and heart disease immediately improve.

B  After surgery, the stomach is smaller, forcing the person to eat smaller portions.

C  Surgery may help shift the makeup of the intestinal bacteria toward a healthier profile.

D  After surgery, people can return to their previous lifestyle and food choices and not worry about regaining the weight.

E  Depression and anxiety can improve after surgery.

A  Physical activity decreases weight by promoting loss of bone density.

B  Working out weakens feelings of hunger; thus, active people generally eat less.

C  Exercise reduces cortisol and gets rid of belly fat.

D  Working out requires extra sleep and getting extra sleep reduces food cravings and weight gain.

E  Working out builds muscle, and lean muscle tissue burns more calories per pound than fat does.

A  Highly palatable food causes lasting changes in the brain’s reward system.

B  Eating highly palatable food decreases energy expenditure.

C  Obese people are more likely to use cocaine.

D  Obese people have too much dopamine.

E  Brain scans have shown that obese people are less likely to prefer fruit and vegetables.

A  I and III only

B  I, II, and III only

C  I, II, III, and IV

D  I and V only

E  All are important strategies.

A  It is a satiety hormone.

B  Fat loss suppresses leptin recognition.

C  It decreases energy expenditure.

D  Obese people are often resistant to the effects of leptin.

E  It is an appetite-stimulating hormone.

A  All these groups are correct.

B  athletes

C  children

D  adults older than 65 years

E  pregnant and lactating women

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  three associated medical problems: low energy availability, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis

B  three academic problems: poor test-taking skills, test anxiety, and fear of academic failure

C  three athletic problems: impaired speed, loss of balance, and inflexibility

D  three medical problems: heart disease, diabetes, and obesity

E  three behaviors common in female athletes: perfectionism, anxiety, and depression

A  protein from lean tissue

B  ketone bodies

C  muscle glycogen

D  liver glycogen

E  fatty acids

A  fluctuating metabolism theory

B  set-point theory

C  hypothalamic weight-control theory

D  microbiota theory

E  thermogenesis theory

A  high body temperature

B  growth failure

C  decreased basal metabolic rate

D  weakened heart

E  kidney failure

A  hypothalamic weight-control theory

B  set-point theory

C  microbiota theory

D  thermogenesis theory

A  Cognitive skills, such as thinking habits, cannot be altered.

B  Many people succeed because their mental dialogue degrades their inappropriate habits.

C  Self-acceptance predicts failure, while self-loathing predicts success.

D  Only a trained psychotherapist should use behavior modification techniques.

E  Thinking habits are just as important as eating habits to achieving a healthy body weight.

A  liver glycogen

B  protein from lean tissue

C  muscle glycogen

D  fatty acids

E  ketone bodies

A  women over 50

B  pregnant women

C  athletes

D  adults between the ages of 19 and 50

E  the elderly

A  his or her basal metabolic rate

B  his or her thermic effect of food

C  his or her body mass index (BMI)

D  his or her energy expended through voluntary activities

E  his or her total energy output

A  Food D: weighs 600 grams and provides 1,000 calories

B  Food A: weighs 38 grams and provides 300 calories

C  Food B: weighs 40 grams and provides 250 calories

D  Food C: weighs 50 grams and provides 100 calories

E  Food E: weighs 200 grams and provides 750 calories

A  smoking

B  having diabetes

C  hang-gliding

D  drinking too much alcohol

E  horseback riding