Chapter 9 Quiz

A    

B  Ghrelin, leptin

C  Ketone, leptin

D  Leptin, ghrelin

E  Ghrelin, glycogen

A  Strengthen cues to appropriate eating and activities.

B  Establish positive consequences for inappropriate eating or sedentary behaviors.

C  Strengthen the inappropriate eating cues you cannot eliminate.

D  Repeat the inappropriate eating and physical activity behaviors.

E    

F  Diminish appropriate eating and activity cues.

A  Diabetes, insulin resistance, high blood cholesterol, hypertension, and heart disease immediately improve.

B  After surgery, people can return to their previous lifestyle and food choices and not worry about regaining the weight.

C  After surgery, the stomach is smaller, forcing the person to eat smaller portions.

D  Surgery may help shift the makeup of the intestinal bacteria toward a healthier profile.

E  Depression and anxiety can improve after surgery.

A  Working out requires extra sleep and getting extra sleep reduces food cravings and weight gain.

B  Working out builds muscle, and lean muscle tissue burns more calories per pound than fat does.

C  Exercise reduces cortisol and gets rid of belly fat.

D  Working out weakens feelings of hunger; thus, active people generally eat less.

E  Physical activity decreases weight by promoting loss of bone density.

A  Obese people are more likely to use cocaine.

B  Highly palatable food causes lasting changes in the brain’s reward system.

C  Brain scans have shown that obese people are less likely to prefer fruit and vegetables.

D  Obese people have too much dopamine.

E  Eating highly palatable food decreases energy expenditure.

A  I, II, III, and IV

B  I and III only

C  I and V only

D  I, II, and III only

E  All are important strategies.

A  It is a satiety hormone.

B  Obese people are often resistant to the effects of leptin.

C  It is an appetite-stimulating hormone.

D  Fat loss suppresses leptin recognition.

E  It decreases energy expenditure.

A  All these groups are correct.

B  children

C  pregnant and lactating women

D  adults older than 65 years

E  athletes

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  three athletic problems: impaired speed, loss of balance, and inflexibility

B  three behaviors common in female athletes: perfectionism, anxiety, and depression

C  three academic problems: poor test-taking skills, test anxiety, and fear of academic failure

D  three associated medical problems: low energy availability, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis

E  three medical problems: heart disease, diabetes, and obesity

A  ketone bodies

B  liver glycogen

C  muscle glycogen

D  protein from lean tissue

E  fatty acids

A  microbiota theory

B  thermogenesis theory

C  fluctuating metabolism theory

D  set-point theory

E  hypothalamic weight-control theory

A  growth failure

B  high body temperature

C  weakened heart

D  kidney failure

E  decreased basal metabolic rate

A  set-point theory

B  thermogenesis theory

C  hypothalamic weight-control theory

D  microbiota theory

A  Self-acceptance predicts failure, while self-loathing predicts success.

B  Many people succeed because their mental dialogue degrades their inappropriate habits.

C  Only a trained psychotherapist should use behavior modification techniques.

D  Thinking habits are just as important as eating habits to achieving a healthy body weight.

E  Cognitive skills, such as thinking habits, cannot be altered.

A  fatty acids

B  ketone bodies

C  liver glycogen

D  protein from lean tissue

E  muscle glycogen

A  women over 50

B  pregnant women

C  the elderly

D  athletes

E  adults between the ages of 19 and 50

A  his or her thermic effect of food

B  his or her basal metabolic rate

C  his or her total energy output

D  his or her energy expended through voluntary activities

E  his or her body mass index (BMI)

A  Food D: weighs 600 grams and provides 1,000 calories

B  Food A: weighs 38 grams and provides 300 calories

C  Food C: weighs 50 grams and provides 100 calories

D  Food B: weighs 40 grams and provides 250 calories

E  Food E: weighs 200 grams and provides 750 calories

A  smoking

B  drinking too much alcohol

C  horseback riding

D  having diabetes

E  hang-gliding