Test 2

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Question #1

Federal law now requires the employers of fifty or more employees to provide:

A unpaid family leave for up to twelve weeks.

B pension plans.

C on-site child care.

D retirement counseling.

E paid family leave for six months.

Question #2

Mr. Ostrowski’s suggestion to Malcolm X that he become a carpenter instead of a lawyer is an example of

A pragmatic job counseling.

B occupational steering.

C lateral mobility.

D early job socialization.

E occupational guidance.

Question #3

Assembly-line work is typically thought to be alienating because

A new technologies have created too many stressful intellectual demands.

B it requires more manual dexterity than many workers possess.

C it is poorly paid.

D it is repetitive.

E the tasks are too difficult.

Question #4

Maslow is to self-actualization as Marx is to __________.

A boredom

B powerlessness

C self-estrangement

D alienation

E revolution

Question #5

The income squeeze refers to

A the difference between the average earnings of adult children and their parents.

B the difference between the average earnings of new workers and experienced workers.

C the difference between the income of workers and the needs of their aged parents.

D the difference between the average earnings of husbands and wives.

E the difference between increasing family expenses across the life cycle and relatively stable earnings.

Question #6

Which of the following work rule changes is most likely to increase the alienation of the workers?

A forbidding workers to talk with their co-workers

B requiring workers to keep track of their expenses while traveling on company business

C requiring workers to eat only in the company cafeteria

D installing a hot-line for anonymous complaints about safety concerns

E requiring that all promotion possibilities be posted for three weeks before the job is filled

Question #7

Home production would include all of the following EXCEPT

A preparing meals.

B washing laundry.

C taking children to sports lessons.

D buying groceries.

E writing freelance articles for publication.

Question #8

Strikes involving several trades simultaneously are called

A secondary boycotts.

B mass strikes.

C gridlock strikes.

D general strikes.

E sit-down strikes.

Question #9

The legal basis for the elimination of employment discrimination is

A the Executive Order of 1962.

B the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

C Brown v. Board of Education.

D Title VII of the U.S. Civil Rights Act of 1964.

E the bill of rights.

Question #10

Mass-production workers used sit-down strikes as means of resistance. They could not withhold their labor because

A their wage was too cheap to stop working.

B strikes were illegal.

C they were considered to be easily replaceable.

D family members employed by the same company would be fired.

E they were not unionized yet.

Question #11

Which of the following is NOT true of the Knights of Labor?

A The Knights officially opposed strikes.

B It was basically a self-improvement and social reform society.

C It was a general union.

D The Knights favored social and political reform.

E Like many early unions, it excluded working women.

Question #12

In assessing the effects of alienation and self-actualization upon workers’ lives off the job, we may conclude that

A only self-actualization has an effect outside the workplace.

B alcohol, drug abuse, and family problems have no connection with workers’ job experiences.

C only alienation has an effect outside the workplace.

D both self-actualization and alienation may have an effect outside the workplace.

E technology mediates the effects of alienation and self-actualization upon workers’ families.

Question #13

Refer to the following set of facts: Lakeisha works in a medium-sized firm in Chicago. Her husband Michael works for a large firm and was recently transferred to Salt Lake City. Lakeisha and Michael have one daughter, Yvonne, who is two years old. Yvonne lives with her mother in Chicago. Which of the following fringe benefits could be most helpful in this situation?

A on-site child care, relocation counseling, and flextime

B retirement counseling, defined contribution plans, and health care

C job sharing, paid leave, and elder care

D maternal leave, health care, and education benefits

E elder care, a defined benefit plan, and health care

Question #14

The existence of a large proletariat is most consistent with the work of

A Karl Marx

B Max Weber

C Charles Tilly

D William Julius Wilson

E Barbara Reskin

Question #15

How does organizational structure affect job satisfaction?

A Opportunities for promotion appear to be unrelated to job satisfaction.

B Workers in very small companies report low job satisfaction due to limited job complexity.

C Job satisfaction increases as division of labor increases.

D Workers prefer small companies to large corporations.

E The nature of the job tasks is unrelated to job satisfaction.

Question #16

“Solidarity Forever,” a union inspirational song, was used

A as an ineffective organizing tool.

B as an illegal labor practice.

C to persuade employers to recognize unions.

D to persuade political parties to support unions.

E to convince workers that their problems are shared by others.

Question #17

Sociologists have suggested that the following are significant job characteristics in promoting healthy mental functioning among workers:

A job complexity and security

B job security, job rotation, and training

C job autonomy, complexity, and diversity

D job rotation, close supervision, and flexibility

E job flexibility and diversity

Question #18

A group that has often experienced upward mobility is

A unskilled workers.

B divorced women.

C the children of immigrants.

D the underclass.

E part-time workers.

Question #19

A contemporary successor of Marx, Seeman says alienation is subjectively experienced as:

A dissatisfaction, powerlessness, anger, self-estrangement, isolation

B anger, self-estrangement, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

C dissatisfaction, meaninglessness, powerlessness, isolation, anger, normlessness, self-estrangement

D powerlessness, self-estrangement, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

E dissatisfaction, powerlessness, meaninglessness, isolation, normlessness

Question #20

Which of the following is an intrinsic reward?

A pay

B job security

C fringe benefits

D positive relations with co-workers

E craft and machine tending.

Question #21

Which of the following is part of the ‘hidden curriculum’ of the kindergarten?

A learning to distinguish different colors.

B learning to raise one’s hand before speaking.

C learning the letters of the alphabet.

D learning how to use a pencil properly.

E learning to count to one hundred.

Question #22

A fast food worker may experience ____ because of the conflicting expectations to sell as much food as possible and to have pleasant interactions with customers.

A self-actualization

B bullying

C alienation

D job angst

E role strain

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