Exam 1

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Question #1

When perceiving sensory information, top-down processing involves __________________

A prior knowledge

B culture and unconscious inferences

C unconscious inferences

D prior knowledge, culture and unconscious inferences

Question #2

The Gestalt rule of the tendency to see objects that are near each other as belonging to a set is termed _________________

A similarity

B continuity

C closure

D proximity

Question #3

When you observe a marching band formation that appears to take on the shape of a letter even though the members are not in direct contact with each other, you are experiencing the Gestalt grouping principle called ____________________

A closure

B priming

C similarity

D proximity

Question #4

The perceptual tendency to separate objects from the surroundings is called

A Gestalt rules of perception

B closure

C perceptual set

D figure-ground

Question #5

Sensation is a ___________ process, whereas perception is a ____________ process.

A meditative, hypnotic

B genetic, environmental

C cognitive, physical

D physical, psychological

Question #6

Dave is trying to quit heroin, but when he stops he experiences flu-like symptoms including headaches, vomiting, and fatigue. Dave is experiencing _______________________

A paradoxical sleep

B psychological addiction

C abstinence syndrome/physical addiction

D a hypnotic trance

Question #7

With continued use of a drug, a larger dose is needed to achieve the desired effect. This is called ___________________

A tolerance

B abstinence syndrome

C addiction

D substance abuse disorder

Question #8

Drugs that speed up the activity of the central nervous system are classified as

A depressants

B opioids

C stimulants

D hallucinogenics

Question #9

The form of meditation known as transcendental meditation always involves

A chanting a mantra

B hypnosis

C the use of marijuana

D all of the above

Question #10

Most people dream during what stage of sleep?

A NREM 1

B NREM 2

C REM

D NREM 3

Question #11

The stages of sleep are distinguished by _________________

A the brain wave activity

B the physical movement

C the breathing response

D none of the above

Question #12

Examples of altered states of consciousness include

A meditation

B drug-induced and meditation

C sleep, meditation and drug-induced

D sleep

Question #13

After a gunshot wound to the head, a patient can’t form new memories. Probably his _____________ was damaged by the gunshot.

A cerebellum

B hypothalamus

C thalamus

D hippocampus

Question #14

After her stroke Cathy was no longer able to coordinate her dance movements. More than likely her ________________ was damaged.

A amygdala

B cerebellum

C thalamus

D corpus callosum

Question #15

Jack just finished a 26 mile marathon. In spite of the physical strain he feels euphoric and has no pain due to the release of _________________

A dopamine

B acetylcholine

C serotonin

D endorphins

Question #16

Neurotransmitters bind onto ________________ on the post-synaptic neuron.

A the myelin

B the soma

C the axon

D receptor sites

Question #17

An imbalance of serotonin is linked to __________________

A enhanced mood

B memory loss

C cognitive decline

D depression

Question #18

The space between 2 neurons in which neurotransmitters are released is called the ______________

A dendrites

B axon terminal

C synapse

D receptor sites

Question #19

The wire-like structure that is attached to the cell body of a neuron, and is coated in myelin is called the ___________________

A vessicles

B receptor sites

C axon

D nucleus

Question #20

The branch-like structures attached to the cell body of a neuron, and receive the incoming message from a preceding neuron are called ___________________

A neurotransmitters

B dendrites

C axon

D soma

Question #21

Alfred Kinsey’s study on human sexuality used the ______________ research method.

A case study

B naturalistic observation

C survey

D experiment

Question #22

Examples of a ___________________ would be the use of a “sugar pill” instead of real medication or tonic water instead of an alcoholic beverage. However, the individual must believe that he or she is experiencing the real thing.

A variable

B control group

C placebo

D treatment

Question #23

By using the __________________________ method, researchers determine if there is a relationship or an association between 2 variables, but they don’t prove causality with this method.

A correlational

B experiment

C survey

D case study

Question #24

Jane Goodall studied chimpanzees by means of the ___________________________ method.

A survey

B case study

C naturalistic observation

D experiment

Question #25

The famous story of Phineas Gage who suffered a serious brain injury is an example of the _______________ research method.

A case study

B survey

C naturalistic observation

D experiment

Question #26

Nature versus nurture refers to the question of what influences behavior, ______________ or _______________?

A genes or environment

B free will or destiny

C the brain or hormones

D the unconscious or childhood experiences

Question #27

The statement that love is caused by chemical changes in the brain and fluctuating hormone levels is most likely to be made by a psychologist taking the ____________________perspective.

A humanistic

B biological

C behavioral

D psychodynamic

Question #28

In psychology, a very important concept is that of the unconscious. The unconscious is defined as _____________________

A hyper awareness

B material you are aware of right now

C the humanistic perspective

D material beneath the surface, out of your awareness

Question #29

The psychological perspective that is based on Freud’s theories and emphasizes the unconscious in influencing human behavior is ___________________

A biological

B cognitive

C behavioral

D psychodynamic

Question #30

Psychology is defined as the scientific study of

A the mind

B behavior and mental processes

C diagnosis and treatment of behavioral disorders

D conscious and unconscious mental processes

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