Navigation » List of Schools » East Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 001 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Winter 2021 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A GH exerts negative feedback on its own productionby inhibiting the hypothalamic secretion of somatostatin.
B IGF-1 stimulates the secretion of GH by anterior pituitary gland cells.
C GH stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production by the liver and by many other cells.
D GH increases the sensitivity of tissues to the action of insulin.
E The liver produces a factor that mediates the metabolic actions of GH.
Question #2
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #3
A Decreases reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys
B Promotes vitamin D synthesis, leading to increased intestinal absorption of calcium
C Increases the bone-degrading activity of osteoclasts
D Increases plasma [Ca 2+]
E Decreases reabsorption of phosphate by the kidneys
Question #4
A She has hyperthyroidism, possibly due to Graves’ disease.
B She has hypothyroidism, possibly due to low iodine in her diet.
C She has hypothyroidism, possibly due to destruction of thyrotrope cells of her anterior pituitary gland.
D She has hyperthyroidism, possibly due to a hypersecreting tumor of the anterior pituitary gland.
Question #5
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #6
A Secreting angiotensinogen
B Producing plasma proteins that bind hormones
C Clearing hormones from plasma
D Secreting insulin-like growthfactor 1
E Secreting insulin
Question #7
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #8
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #9
A Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol.
B Vasopressin is synthesized in the posterior pituitary.
C Most peptide hormones require binding proteins for transport in the blood.
D Thyroid hormones are catecholamines.
E The hormones of the adrenal cortex have the same structure as the neurotransmitters of adrenergic neurons.
Question #10
A Growth rate will be slower than normal.
B Body temperature will be above normal.
C Gigantism
D Acromegaly
E Growth rate will be faster than normal.
Question #11
A testosterone; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B estradiol; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
C progesterone; cholesterol; adrenal medulla; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
D androstenedione; progesterone; adrenal cortex; corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
E progesterone; cholesterol; adrenal cortex; adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Question #12
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #13
A Alpha motor neurons stimulate contraction of intrafusal fibers in extensor muscles.
B Alpha motor neurons that innervate ipsilateral flexor muscles are stimulated.
C Alpha motor neurons stimulate contraction of extrafusal fibers in extensor muscles.
D Golgi tendon organs in the patellar tendon stimulate the contraction of extrafusal fibers of extensor muscles.
E Inhibitory interneurons reduce action potential firing in alpha motor neuronsto extrafusal fibers of extensor muscles.
Question #14
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #15
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #16
A cerebellum.
B vestibular apparatus.
C muscle spindles and temperature receptors.
D the somatosensory cortex.
E nociceptors and chemoreceptors.
Question #17
A They detect stretch within tendons and inhibit the activation of alpha motor neurons to extrafusal muscle fibers in the muscle attached to those tendons.
B They detect stretch within tendons and inhibit the activation of alpha motor neurons to extrafusal muscle fibers in antagonistic muscles.
C They detect the angle of joints, and thus provide proprioceptive inputs about the position of the limbs in space.
D They stimulate the ends of intrafusal muscle fibers, ensuring that sensory information about muscle length is provided, even when a muscle shortens rapidly.
E They detect painful stimuli within tendons and inhibit gamma motor neurons to intrafusal muscle fibers in muscles attached to those tendons.
Question #18
A Nociceptors send pain information to the cerebral cortex, and descending activation of alpha motor neurons to extensormuscles would make you withdraw your right hand from the object.
B Reflex mechanisms would stimulate contraction of the extensor muscles of the right arm.
C A stretch reflex would be triggered that would cause contraction of extensor muscles in the right arm.
D A withdrawal reflex would be triggered by nociceptors that would stimulate contraction of flexor muscles in the right arm.
E A withdrawal reflex would be triggered by stretch receptors that would inhibit contraction of extensor muscles of the right arm.
Question #19
A The body leans so that the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is lifted off the ground.
B The body only accelerates forward, so the center of gravity remains directy between the two feet.
C The body accelerates forward, but the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is lifted off the ground.
D The center of mass is left behind by the acceleration of the body, so the body must lean forward to compensate.
E The body leans so that the center of gravity shifts over the foot that is on the ground.
Question #20
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #21
A Switching off fast-glycolytic motor units and activating an equal number of slow-oxidative motor units
B Stretching the muscle to very long lengths
C Increasing the frequency of firing in alpha motor neurons innervating the muscle
D Increasing the amplitude of action potentials in the alpha motor neurons that innervate the muscle
E Resting the muscle for several weeks
Question #22
A All muscle contractions after Sarah reaches fatigue (about an hour into her run)
B Just the first few seconds of exercise
C No effects on her running
D Every moment of Sarah’s runs
Question #23
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #24
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #25
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #26
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #27
A Increase in muscle size (hypertrophy)
B Increase in myoglobin concentration
C Increase in creatine concentration, Increase in myoglobin concentration
D Increase in myosin concentration
E Increase in actin concentration
Question #28
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #29
A No, because they increase the availability of norepinephrine.
B Yes, because they increase the availability of acetylcholine.
C Yes, because they increase the availability of dopamine.
D No, because they increase the availability of enkephalin.
E No, because they increase the availability of serotonin.
Question #30
A Being given a specific address and being able to recall it several days or weeks later
B Being able to recall a phone number for only a short period of time
C Responding to the sight, smell, taste, or thought of one’s favorite food with salivation and hunger pangs
D Recognition of a person’s face and matching a name to it
E Remembering how to ride a bicycle
Question #31
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #32
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #33
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #34
A exhibiting gamma wave activity.
B in REM sleep.
C in REM sleep, in NREM sleep, in exhibiting beta wave activity and in exhibiting gamma wave activity
D exhibiting beta wave activity.
E in NREM sleep.
Question #35
A limbic system.
B corpus callosum.
C thalamus.
D hypothalamus.
E hippocampus.
Question #36
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #37
A are in direct contact with both the tympanic membrane and the round window.
B serve to keep the pressure on the two sides of the tympanic membrane equal.
C are part of the vestibular apparatus.
D are found inside the cochlear duct.
E serve to amplify the pressure of sound vibrations from the air in the outer ear to the fluid in the inner ear.
Question #38
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #39
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #40
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #41
A They are action potentials.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They vary in magnitude with stimulus strength.
D They propagate without decrement.
E They alwaystrigger action potentials.
Question #42
A Glutamate, umami
B Lipids, sweet
C Acids, bitter
D Poisonous alkaloids, sour
E Sugars, salty
Question #43
A Taste buds on the tongue
B Hair cells in the cochlea
C Hair cells in the olfactory mucosa
D Cone cells in the eye
Question #44
A ganglion cells.
B cone cells.
C bipolar cells.
D lateral geniculate cells.
Question #45
A agonist to glycine receptors.
B Any of these are possible
C agonist to the endogenous opioid receptors.
D agonist to serotonin receptors.
E agonist to epinephrine receptors.
Question #46
A The permeability to Na + is much greater than the permeability to K +.
B All of the K+ channels in the membrane are open.
C There is equal permeability to Na + and K +.
D The voltage-gated Na + channels are in the inactivated state.
E Most of the voltage-gated Na + channels are in the closed state.
Question #47
A trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
B trigger an action potential.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #48
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #49
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #50
A occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
B stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
C is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable tobothNa + and K + ions.
D is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to bothNa + and K + ions.
E opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
Question #51
A None of the answer choices are correct.
B Neuron A has more K + channels open than Neuron B.
C Neuron B has more K + channels open than Neuron A.
D Neuron A has more Na+ channels open than Neuron B.
E Neuron B has more Na+ channels open than Neuron A.
Question #52
A FALSE
B TRUE