Exam 3

A  4.5 x 10-3
3.2 x 104

B  4.5 x 103
32 x 103

C  4.5 x 10-4
32 x 103

D  45 x 10-4
3.2 x 104

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  move faster than lower-energy photons.

B  have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than lower-energy photons.

C  have more mass than lower-energy photons.

D  travel less distance between their source and the observer than lower-energy photons.

E  are not as likely to become redshifted as lower-energy photons.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a visual binary

B  an astrometric binary

C  impossible, unless at least one of the two stars if itself intrinsically variable.

D  an eclipsing binary

E  a spectroscopic binary

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  closer

B  now way to tell with available data

C  the same distance

D  farther

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  the relatively cool outer layers absorb photons emitted in the hot inner parts of the Sun, producing absorption lines.

B  its spectrum consists of emission lines of the elements in the Sun, so there are some gaps.

C  the Sun is too hot to radiate at all wavelengths.

D  its core is much hotter than its surface, so the shape of the curve is distored.

E  the coronal mass ejections interfere with the photons, adding too much noise to the spectrum.

A  converging spectral lines

B  varying star intensities

C  oscillatory (wobbly) star motions

D  2 visible stars orbiting each other

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Gravity causes a cloud of gas & dust to collapse toward a center.

B  A large gas ball spins out of a larger star when disrupted by a passing star.

C  An explosion throws out mass that settles as a star.

D  Dark clouds hide large gas balls that are ignited by passing stars.

A  with extra electrons

B  with extra neutrons

C  with extra neutrinos

D  with extra protons

A  proton-proton chain

B  triple alpha process

C  nucleosynthesis

D  carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle

A  Io

B  Uranus

C  Venus

D  Triton

A  granulation oscillations

B  the Zeeman effect and the Maunder minimum

C  differential rotation, winding up the magnetic fields

D  a constant dipole magnetic field

E  nuclear explosions

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  an ion

B  an electron

C  a proton

D  a photon

E  a neutron

A  core temperature

B  expansion/contraction

C  mass

D  distance

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Electrons have discrete energy levels.

B  Photon emission occurs randomly, in any direction.

C  An electron in an atom may absorb either part or all of the energy of a photon.

D  Each element produces a unique pattern of spectral lines, like a fingerprint.

E  Absorption occurs when an electron in an atom jumps from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  megaclusters

B  elliptical galaxies

C  open clusters

D  Mira clusters

E  globular clusters

A  across the field of view

B  toward us

C  away from us

D  not speed, but energies due to temperature

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Hydrogen normally has one neutron.

B  Normal hydrogen is also called protium.

C  Hydrogen normally has one electron.

D  Hydrogen normally has one proton.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Venus

B  Mars

C  Uranus

D  Earth

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  tidal forces cause volcanic eruptions on some moons, and part of this material subsequently escaped the gravity of the moons, forming the rings.

B  tidal forces prevent the material in rings from forming into moons

C  there is too much material to have fit into the ball of each planet

D  their thick gaseous atmospheres would disintegrate any small rock that enter them

E  Jovian planets rotate very rapidly, and some material near the equator of these planets was flung outward, forming the rings

A  Sirius is located less than 10 ps from Earth.

B  This is an impossible situation. The apparent magnitude can’t be more than the absolute magnitude.

C  Sirius is located greater then 10 ps from Earth.

D  Sirius is located 10 ps from Earth.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  1/4

B  4

C  1/16

D  16

A  7

B  10

C  8

D  18

A  During gravitational contraction, the temperature in the core of a pre-main-sequence star decreases.

B  Stars form from gaint clouds of gas and dust whose collapse and fragmentation (clumping) are due to gravity.

C  Gravitational contraction of a pre-main-sequence star ceases once nuclear reaction begin.

D  Contracting balls of gas with masses below about 75 Jupiter masses actually end up as brown dwarfs, not main-sequence stars.

A  protons

B  neutrons

C  valence shields

D  Bohr model

E  electrons

A  speed of light

B  emitted intensity

C  core temperature

D  fusion density

E  photosphere temperature

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  binary stars

B  long period variables

C  Cepheids

D  brown giants

A  green

B  white

C  red

D  blue

A  young (< millions of years)

B  > 10 billion years

C  5 billion years

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  sunspots and heliosiesmology are associated with the photosphere

B  the chromosphere is best viewed with a H-alpha filter

C  the corona is the solar wind

D  a photo of the Sun with a x-ray filter will show the chromoshere

A  pressure

B  mass

C  gravity

D  temperature

A  reflecting; differing focal points from different parts of the mirror.

B  reflecting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

C  refracting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

D  refracting; different focal lengths for different wavelengths of light.

E  space; the deformation of the glass due to the absence of gravity.

A  It has one neutron and one proton.

B  It is an isotope of hydrogen.

C  It has one more proton than an average hydrogen atom.

D  It has one electron, so it is not an ion.