Exam 3

A  4.5 x 103
32 x 103

B  4.5 x 10-4
32 x 103

C  4.5 x 10-3
3.2 x 104

D  45 x 10-4
3.2 x 104

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  have more mass than lower-energy photons.

B  move faster than lower-energy photons.

C  have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than lower-energy photons.

D  are not as likely to become redshifted as lower-energy photons.

E  travel less distance between their source and the observer than lower-energy photons.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a spectroscopic binary

B  impossible, unless at least one of the two stars if itself intrinsically variable.

C  an astrometric binary

D  a visual binary

E  an eclipsing binary

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  closer

B  farther

C  the same distance

D  now way to tell with available data

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the relatively cool outer layers absorb photons emitted in the hot inner parts of the Sun, producing absorption lines.

B  its core is much hotter than its surface, so the shape of the curve is distored.

C  the Sun is too hot to radiate at all wavelengths.

D  the coronal mass ejections interfere with the photons, adding too much noise to the spectrum.

E  its spectrum consists of emission lines of the elements in the Sun, so there are some gaps.

A  oscillatory (wobbly) star motions

B  varying star intensities

C  2 visible stars orbiting each other

D  converging spectral lines

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Gravity causes a cloud of gas & dust to collapse toward a center.

B  An explosion throws out mass that settles as a star.

C  A large gas ball spins out of a larger star when disrupted by a passing star.

D  Dark clouds hide large gas balls that are ignited by passing stars.

A  with extra protons

B  with extra neutrons

C  with extra neutrinos

D  with extra electrons

A  nucleosynthesis

B  triple alpha process

C  proton-proton chain

D  carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle

A  Venus

B  Uranus

C  Triton

D  Io

A  nuclear explosions

B  differential rotation, winding up the magnetic fields

C  a constant dipole magnetic field

D  granulation oscillations

E  the Zeeman effect and the Maunder minimum

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a proton

B  an ion

C  a photon

D  an electron

E  a neutron

A  expansion/contraction

B  core temperature

C  distance

D  mass

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Absorption occurs when an electron in an atom jumps from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.

B  Each element produces a unique pattern of spectral lines, like a fingerprint.

C  Photon emission occurs randomly, in any direction.

D  Electrons have discrete energy levels.

E  An electron in an atom may absorb either part or all of the energy of a photon.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Mira clusters

B  globular clusters

C  megaclusters

D  elliptical galaxies

E  open clusters

A  toward us

B  away from us

C  across the field of view

D  not speed, but energies due to temperature

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Hydrogen normally has one proton.

B  Normal hydrogen is also called protium.

C  Hydrogen normally has one electron.

D  Hydrogen normally has one neutron.

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Venus

B  Earth

C  Mars

D  Uranus

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  there is too much material to have fit into the ball of each planet

B  their thick gaseous atmospheres would disintegrate any small rock that enter them

C  Jovian planets rotate very rapidly, and some material near the equator of these planets was flung outward, forming the rings

D  tidal forces prevent the material in rings from forming into moons

E  tidal forces cause volcanic eruptions on some moons, and part of this material subsequently escaped the gravity of the moons, forming the rings.

A  This is an impossible situation. The apparent magnitude can’t be more than the absolute magnitude.

B  Sirius is located greater then 10 ps from Earth.

C  Sirius is located less than 10 ps from Earth.

D  Sirius is located 10 ps from Earth.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  16

B  1/16

C  4

D  1/4

A  18

B  7

C  10

D  8

A  Contracting balls of gas with masses below about 75 Jupiter masses actually end up as brown dwarfs, not main-sequence stars.

B  Stars form from gaint clouds of gas and dust whose collapse and fragmentation (clumping) are due to gravity.

C  Gravitational contraction of a pre-main-sequence star ceases once nuclear reaction begin.

D  During gravitational contraction, the temperature in the core of a pre-main-sequence star decreases.

A  valence shields

B  neutrons

C  Bohr model

D  electrons

E  protons

A  core temperature

B  emitted intensity

C  fusion density

D  speed of light

E  photosphere temperature

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  binary stars

B  brown giants

C  long period variables

D  Cepheids

A  white

B  green

C  blue

D  red

A  young (< millions of years)

B  5 billion years

C  > 10 billion years

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the chromosphere is best viewed with a H-alpha filter

B  sunspots and heliosiesmology are associated with the photosphere

C  the corona is the solar wind

D  a photo of the Sun with a x-ray filter will show the chromoshere

A  gravity

B  pressure

C  mass

D  temperature

A  space; the deformation of the glass due to the absence of gravity.

B  refracting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

C  reflecting; differing focal points from different parts of the mirror.

D  refracting; different focal lengths for different wavelengths of light.

E  reflecting; the smearing of light due to atmospheric turbulence.

A  It has one more proton than an average hydrogen atom.

B  It has one neutron and one proton.

C  It has one electron, so it is not an ion.

D  It is an isotope of hydrogen.