Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2(C)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A presbyopia.
B glaucoma.
C hyperopia.
D myopia.
E cataract.
Question #2
A contraction of the ciliary muscles.
B dilation of the pupil.
C activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
D flatteningof the lens.
E increased rounding of the cornea.
Question #3
A Pressure
B Proprioception
C pain
D Vision
E Cold and warmth
F Sound
Question #4
A activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B she suddenly develops presbyopia.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #5
A is found in the soma of the neuron
B contains ligand-gated channels
C is where action potentials are first generated.
D is located in the axon hillock.
E contains voltage-gated channels.
Question #6
A Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
B All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
C The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
D Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
E The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
Question #7
A chemoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #8
A 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
B 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
C 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
D 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
Question #9
A Primary Visual cortex
B Parietal lobe association area
C Occipital lobe association area
D Somatosensory cortex
E Primary Auditory cortex
Question #10
A plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
B secretes hormones
C is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
D functions as the body’s thermostat
E controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
F inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
Question #11
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #12
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #13
A 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
B 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
C 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
D 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
E 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
Question #14
A They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
B Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
C They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
D They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
E They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
Question #15
A histamine
B serotonin
C acetylcholine
D norepinephrine
Question #16
A dopamine
B serotonin
C histamine
D acetylcholine
Question #17
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C serotonin
D norepinephrine
Question #18
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C norepinephrine
D dopamine
Question #19
A norepinephrine
B acetylcholine
C dopamine
D serotonin
Question #20
A are part of the peripheral nervous system.
B transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
C carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
D relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
E carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
Question #21
A They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
B They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
C They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
D They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
E They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
Question #22
A They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
B They always trigger action potentials.
C They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
D They propagate without decrement.
E They are action potentials.
Question #23
A It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
B It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
C It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
D It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
E It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
Question #24
A when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
B are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
C bind chemicals called odorants
D are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #25
A The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
B The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
C The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
D The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
E The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
Question #26
A be conducted to the axon hillock.
B depolarize a dendrite.
C trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
D trigger an action potential.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #27
A Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
B A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
C Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
D A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
E Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
Question #28
A bleaching of opsin.
B closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
C decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
D excitation of bipolar cells
E increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
Question #29
A Retraction
B Reflection
C Deflection
D Refraction
Question #30
A It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
B It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
C Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
D in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
E It has the same value in all cells.
F It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
Question #31
A bipolar, ganglion
B horizontal, inner
C somatic, catalyst
Question #32
A movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
B movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
C displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
D increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
E the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
Question #33
A Pituitary gland
B Pineal gland
C Hypothalamus
D Mitochondria
Question #34
A All of these will not occur
B The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
C The graded potential
D The depolarization phase of the action potential
E The repolarization phase of the action potential
Question #35
A A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
B All of the answer choices are correct.
C Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
D Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
E The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
Question #36
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #37
A Na+ leak channels
B K+ leak channels.
C Na+ voltage-gated channels.
D Na+/K+ pumps.
Question #38
A temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
B somatosensory cortex
C limbic system
D frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #39
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #40
A the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
B both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
C both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
D both pens are activating the same receptor.
Question #41
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #42
A The patient would perceive nothing.
B The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
C The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
D The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
Question #43
A Loss of pain in the right foot
B Loss of pain in the left foot
C Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
Question #44
A slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
B more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
C equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
D more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
E equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
Question #45
A adrenergic
B muscarinic
C nicotinic
Question #46
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #47
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #48
A photoreceptor
B nociceptor
C chemoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #49
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #50
A chemoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #51
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #52
A The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
B the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
C Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
D Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
E Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
F Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
Question #53
A language ability
B control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
C voluntary initiation of movement.
D
E personality traits.
F final sensory perception
Question #54
A are found primarily in the heart.
B bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
C bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
D bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
Question #55
A globus pallidus
B substantia nigra
C mammilary body
D putamen
E cingulate gyrus
F caudate nucleus
Question #56
A the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
C the dorsal root conducts motor information
D spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
Question #57
A hippocampus.
B amygdala.
C cingulate gyrus.
D primary visual cortex
E olfactory bulb
F mammillary body.
Question #58
A stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
B is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
C occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
D opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
E is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
Question #59
A There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
B There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
C There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
D Photoreceptors are neurons.
E There are four different opsins in the retina.
Question #60
A assympathetic
B parasympathetic
C sympathetic
D parassympathetic
Question #61
A The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
B There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
C The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
D The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
E The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
Question #62
A medial leminscus tract
B spinocerebellar tract
C the posterior column
D anterior spinothalmic tract
E lateral corticospinal tract
Question #63
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
C is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
D always results in muscle contraction
E occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
Question #64
A nictonic motor neurons
B upper motor neurons
C lower motor neurons
D delta motor neurons
E gamma motor neurons
Question #65
A 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
B 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
C 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
D 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
Question #66
A Gray, White
B Black, White
C White, Gray
D Brown, Gray
Question #67
A ciliary muscle
B retina
C cornea
D iris
E lens
Question #68
A Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
B Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
C No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
D Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
E Both near and distance vision are compromised