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Lecture Exam 2(C)

Navigation   » List of Schools  »  West Los Angeles College  »  Physiology  »  Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology  »  Fall 2020  »  Lecture Exam 2(C)

Need help with your exam preparation?

Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:

Question #1
A  presbyopia.
B  glaucoma.
C  hyperopia.
D  myopia.
E  cataract.
Question #2
A  contraction of the ciliary muscles.
B  dilation of the pupil.
C  activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
D  flatteningof the lens.
E  increased rounding of the cornea.
Question #3
A  Pressure
B  Proprioception
C  pain
D  Vision
E  Cold and warmth
F  Sound
Question #4
A  activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B  she suddenly develops presbyopia.
C  activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D  activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E  activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #5
A  is found in the soma of the neuron
B  contains ligand-gated channels
C  is where action potentials are first generated.
D  is located in the axon hillock.
E  contains voltage-gated channels.
Question #6
A  Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
B  All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
C  The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
D  Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
E  The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
Question #7
A  chemoreceptor
B  mechanoreceptor
C  photoreceptor
D  thermoreceptor
Question #9
A  Primary Visual cortex
B  Parietal lobe association area
C  Occipital lobe association area
D  Somatosensory cortex
E  Primary Auditory cortex
Question #10
A  plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
B  secretes hormones
C  is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
D  functions as the body’s thermostat
E  controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
F  inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
Question #14
A  They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
B  Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
C  They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
D  They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
E  They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
Question #15
A  histamine
B  serotonin
C  acetylcholine
D  norepinephrine
Question #16
A  dopamine
B  serotonin
C  histamine
D  acetylcholine
Question #17
A  histamine
B  acetylcholine
C  serotonin
D  norepinephrine
Question #18
A  histamine
B  acetylcholine
C  norepinephrine
D  dopamine
Question #19
A  norepinephrine
B  acetylcholine
C  dopamine
D  serotonin
Question #20
A  are part of the peripheral nervous system.
B  transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
C  carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
D  relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
E  carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
Question #21
A  They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
B  They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
C  They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
D  They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
E  They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
Question #22
A  They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
B  They always trigger action potentials.
C  They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
D  They propagate without decrement.
E  They are action potentials.
Question #23
A  It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
B  It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
C  It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
D  It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
E  It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
Question #24
A  when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
B  are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
C  bind chemicals called odorants
D  are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #25
A  The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
B  The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
C  The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
D  The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
E  The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
Question #26
A  be conducted to the axon hillock.
B  depolarize a dendrite.
C  trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
D  trigger an action potential.
E  cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #27
A  Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
B  A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
C  Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
D  A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
E  Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
Question #28
A  bleaching of opsin.
B  closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
C  decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
D  excitation of bipolar cells
E  increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
Question #29
A  Retraction
B  Reflection
C  Deflection
D  Refraction
Question #30
A  It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
B  It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
C  Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
D  in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
E  It has the same value in all cells.
F  It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
Question #32
A  movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
B  movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
C  displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
D  increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
E  the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
Question #33
A  Pituitary gland
B  Pineal gland
C  Hypothalamus
D  Mitochondria
Question #34
A  All of these will not occur
B  The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
C  The graded potential
D  The depolarization phase of the action potential
E  The repolarization phase of the action potential
Question #35
A  A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
B  All of the answer choices are correct.
C  Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
D  Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
E  The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
Question #37
A  Na+ leak channels
B  K+ leak channels.
C  Na+ voltage-gated channels.
D  Na+/K+ pumps.
Question #38
A  temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
B  somatosensory cortex
C  limbic system
D  frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E  occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #40
A  the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
B  both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
C  both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
D  both pens are activating the same receptor.
Question #42
A  The patient would perceive nothing.
B  The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
C  The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
D  The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
Question #43
A  Loss of pain in the right foot
B  Loss of pain in the left foot
C  Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
Question #44
A  slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
B  more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
C  equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
D  more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
E  equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
Question #46
A  photoreceptor
B  thermoreceptor
C  nociceptor
D  chemoreceptor
Question #47
A  chemoreceptor
B  thermoreceptor
C  nociceptor
D  mechanoreceptor
Question #48
A  photoreceptor
B  nociceptor
C  chemoreceptor
D  thermoreceptor
Question #49
A  thermoreceptor
B  chemoreceptor
C  photoreceptor
D  mechanoreceptor
Question #50
A  chemoreceptor
B  nociceptor
C  thermoreceptor
D  photoreceptor
Question #51
A  thermoreceptor
B  chemoreceptor
C  nociceptor
D  photoreceptor
Question #52
A  The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
B  the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
C  Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
D  Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
E  Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
F  Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
Question #53
A  language ability
B  control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
C  voluntary initiation of movement.
D    
E  personality traits.
F  final sensory perception
Question #54
A  are found primarily in the heart.
B  bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
C  bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
D  bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
E  bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
Question #55
A  globus pallidus
B  substantia nigra
C  mammilary body
D  putamen
E  cingulate gyrus
F  caudate nucleus
Question #56
A  the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B  afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
C  the dorsal root conducts motor information
D  spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
Question #57
A  hippocampus.
B  amygdala.
C  cingulate gyrus.
D  primary visual cortex
E  olfactory bulb
F  mammillary body.
Question #58
A  stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
B  is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
C  occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
D  opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
E  is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
Question #59
A  There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
B  There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
C  There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
D  Photoreceptors are neurons.
E  There are four different opsins in the retina.
Question #61
A  The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
B  There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
C  The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
D  The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
E  The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
Question #62
A  medial leminscus tract
B  spinocerebellar tract
C  the posterior column
D  anterior spinothalmic tract
E  lateral corticospinal tract
Question #63
A  is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
B  is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
C  is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
D  always results in muscle contraction
E  occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
Question #64
A  nictonic motor neurons
B  upper motor neurons
C  lower motor neurons
D  delta motor neurons
E  gamma motor neurons
Question #68
A  Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
B  Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
C  No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
D  Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
E  Both near and distance vision are compromised