Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2(C)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A hyperopia.
B cataract.
C presbyopia.
D glaucoma.
E myopia.
Question #2
A contraction of the ciliary muscles.
B flatteningof the lens.
C increased rounding of the cornea.
D activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
E dilation of the pupil.
Question #3
A Vision
B Proprioception
C Pressure
D Sound
E pain
F Cold and warmth
Question #4
A activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B she suddenly develops presbyopia.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #5
A is found in the soma of the neuron
B contains voltage-gated channels.
C is where action potentials are first generated.
D is located in the axon hillock.
E contains ligand-gated channels
Question #6
A All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
B Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
C The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
D Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
E The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
Question #7
A thermoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #8
A 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
B 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
Question #9
A Primary Auditory cortex
B Somatosensory cortex
C Occipital lobe association area
D Primary Visual cortex
E Parietal lobe association area
Question #10
A is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
B secretes hormones
C inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
D plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
E controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
F functions as the body’s thermostat
Question #11
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #12
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #13
A 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
B 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
C 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
D 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
E 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
Question #14
A They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
B They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
C They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
D Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
E They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
Question #15
A acetylcholine
B norepinephrine
C histamine
D serotonin
Question #16
A serotonin
B histamine
C acetylcholine
D dopamine
Question #17
A histamine
B acetylcholine
C serotonin
D norepinephrine
Question #18
A acetylcholine
B norepinephrine
C histamine
D dopamine
Question #19
A acetylcholine
B dopamine
C norepinephrine
D serotonin
Question #20
A are part of the peripheral nervous system.
B carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
C carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
D transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
E relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
Question #21
A They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
B They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
C They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
D They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
E They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
Question #22
A They propagate without decrement.
B They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
C They always trigger action potentials.
D They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
E They are action potentials.
Question #23
A It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
B It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
C It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
D It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
E It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
Question #24
A when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
B are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
C bind chemicals called odorants
D are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
Question #25
A The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
B The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
D The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
E The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
Question #26
A trigger an action potential.
B be conducted to the axon hillock.
C trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #27
A Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
B Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
C A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
D A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
E Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
Question #28
A increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
B bleaching of opsin.
C decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
D closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
E excitation of bipolar cells
Question #29
A Refraction
B Deflection
C Reflection
D Retraction
Question #30
A It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
B It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
C It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
D in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
E It has the same value in all cells.
F Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
Question #31
A bipolar, ganglion
B horizontal, inner
C somatic, catalyst
Question #32
A movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
B movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
C displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
D the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
E increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
Question #33
A Pituitary gland
B Pineal gland
C Mitochondria
D Hypothalamus
Question #34
A The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
B All of these will not occur
C The depolarization phase of the action potential
D The graded potential
E The repolarization phase of the action potential
Question #35
A All of the answer choices are correct.
B Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
C Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
D A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
E The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
Question #36
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #37
A K+ leak channels.
B Na+/K+ pumps.
C Na+ voltage-gated channels.
D Na+ leak channels
Question #38
A temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
B limbic system
C occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
D somatosensory cortex
E frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #39
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #40
A the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
B both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
C both pens are activating the same receptor.
D both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
Question #41
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #42
A The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
B The patient would perceive nothing.
C The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
D The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
Question #43
A Loss of pain in the left foot
B Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
C Loss of pain in the right foot
Question #44
A more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
B more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
C equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
D slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
E equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
Question #45
A adrenergic
B nicotinic
C muscarinic
Question #46
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #47
A mechanoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #48
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #49
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D mechanoreceptor
Question #50
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #51
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #52
A The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
B Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
C Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
D the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
E Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
F Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
Question #53
A
B voluntary initiation of movement.
C final sensory perception
D personality traits.
E language ability
F control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
Question #54
A bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
B bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
C bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
E are found primarily in the heart.
Question #55
A mammilary body
B putamen
C globus pallidus
D cingulate gyrus
E caudate nucleus
F substantia nigra
Question #56
A the dorsal root conducts motor information
B afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
C spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
D the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
Question #57
A olfactory bulb
B mammillary body.
C hippocampus.
D primary visual cortex
E amygdala.
F cingulate gyrus.
Question #58
A stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
B occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
C is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
D is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
E opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
Question #59
A There are four different opsins in the retina.
B There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
C There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
D Photoreceptors are neurons.
E There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
Question #60
A parasympathetic
B assympathetic
C parassympathetic
D sympathetic
Question #61
A The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
B There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
C The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
D The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
E The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
Question #62
A spinocerebellar tract
B medial leminscus tract
C anterior spinothalmic tract
D lateral corticospinal tract
E the posterior column
Question #63
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
C occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
D always results in muscle contraction
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
Question #64
A gamma motor neurons
B delta motor neurons
C lower motor neurons
D upper motor neurons
E nictonic motor neurons
Question #65
A 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
B 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
C 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
D 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
Question #66
A White, Gray
B Gray, White
C Black, White
D Brown, Gray
Question #67
A lens
B retina
C iris
D cornea
E ciliary muscle
Question #68
A Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
B No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
C Both near and distance vision are compromised
D Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
E Near vision (e.g., reading a book)