Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (B)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 5
B 1, 4, 7, 2, 3, 9, 6, 5, 8
C 1, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2, 9, 8, 5
D 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 8, 7
Question #2
A They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
B They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
C They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
D They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
E They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
Question #3
A The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
B The repolarization phase of the action potential
C The graded potential
D The depolarization phase of the action potential
E All of these will not occur
Question #4
A bipolar, ganglion
B horizontal, inner
C somatic, catalyst
Question #5
A Gray, White
B White, Gray
C Brown, Gray
D Black, White
Question #6
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #7
A Parietal lobe association area
B Somatosensory cortex
C Primary Visual cortex
D Occipital lobe association area
E Primary Auditory cortex
Question #8
A flatteningof the lens.
B contraction of the ciliary muscles.
C dilation of the pupil.
D increased rounding of the cornea.
E activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
Question #9
A 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
B 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
C 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
D 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
Question #10
A pain
B Cold and warmth
C Pressure
D Sound
E Proprioception
F Vision
Question #11
A be conducted to the axon hillock.
B trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
C trigger an action potential.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #12
A Reflection
B Deflection
C Retraction
D Refraction
Question #13
A The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
B The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
C Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
D Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
E Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
Question #14
A cingulate gyrus
B putamen
C mammilary body
D caudate nucleus
E globus pallidus
F substantia nigra
Question #15
A both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
B both pens are activating the same receptor.
C the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
D both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
Question #16
A carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
B relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
C transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
D are part of the peripheral nervous system.
E carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
Question #17
A is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
B controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
C functions as the body’s thermostat
D secretes hormones
E inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
F plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
Question #18
A iris
B ciliary muscle
C cornea
D lens
E retina
Question #19
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
B always results in muscle contraction
C is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
D occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
Question #20
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C serotonin
D acetylcholine
Question #21
A acetylcholine
B dopamine
C histamine
D serotonin
Question #22
A acetylcholine
B norepinephrine
C histamine
D serotonin
Question #23
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C dopamine
D acetylcholine
Question #24
A dopamine
B acetylcholine
C norepinephrine
D serotonin
Question #25
A Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
B A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
C Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
D A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
E Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
Question #26
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #27
A mechanoreceptor
B nociceptor
C chemoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #28
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #29
A mechanoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #30
A thermoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #31
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #32
A The breakdown of chemicals within the pepper causes exothermic reactions in the mouth.
B A chemical within the jalepeño acts as a stimulus for thermoreceptors.
C Chemoreceptors can activate heat sensing parts of the brain.
D Friction while chewing activates thermoreceptors.
E All of the answer choices are correct.
Question #33
A There are four different opsins in the retina.
B There are normally four different photopigments in the retina.
C Photoreceptors are neurons.
D There are four different chromophore moleculesin the retina.
E There are two basic types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods, and cones.
Question #34
A medial leminscus tract
B the posterior column
C spinocerebellar tract
D anterior spinothalmic tract
E lateral corticospinal tract
Question #35
A somatosensory cortex
B occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
C frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
D temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E limbic system
Question #36
A Na+ voltage-gated channels.
B Na+/K+ pumps.
C K+ leak channels.
D Na+ leak channels
Question #37
A parasympathetic
B sympathetic
C assympathetic
D parassympathetic
Question #38
A The term “sensory unit” refers to a group of receptors that receive a particular stimulus and the afferent neuron associated with those receptors.
B Some sensory receptors are modifications of the peripheral endings of efferent neurons.
C The term “adequate stimulus” means that a stimulus is strong enough to be detected.
D Sensory information that leads to conscious awareness of the stimulus is called transduction.
E All sensory information that reaches the brain can be experienced as a conscious sensation.
Question #39
A thermoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #40
A slightly more negative than the equilibrium potential of potassium ion.
B more positive than the equilibrium potential for sodium.
C equal to the equilibrium potential for potassium.
D equal to the equilibrium potential for sodium.
E more positive than the equilibrium potential for potassium.
Question #41
A 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
B 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
C 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
D 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
E 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
Question #42
A The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
B Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
C the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
D Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
E Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
F Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
Question #43
A The patient would perceive a general sensation all over the body.
B The patient would perceive a general sensation over one side of the body.
C The patient would perceive nothing.
D The patient would perceive a specific, localized sensation in one body area.
Question #44
A Pineal gland
B Hypothalamus
C Mitochondria
D Pituitary gland
Question #45
A Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
B Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
C Both near and distance vision are compromised
D Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
E No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
Question #46
A It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
B It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
C It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
D It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
E It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
Question #47
A It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
B Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
C It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
D It has the same value in all cells.
E It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
F in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
Question #48
A gamma motor neurons
B delta motor neurons
C nictonic motor neurons
D upper motor neurons
E lower motor neurons
Question #49
A amygdala.
B cingulate gyrus.
C hippocampus.
D primary visual cortex
E olfactory bulb
F mammillary body.
Question #50
A They are action potentials.
B They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
C They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
D They propagate without decrement.
E They always trigger action potentials.
Question #51
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #52
A contains voltage-gated channels.
B is located in the axon hillock.
C contains ligand-gated channels
D is found in the soma of the neuron
E is where action potentials are first generated.
Question #53
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #54
A adrenergic
B muscarinic
C nicotinic
Question #55
A The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
B The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
D The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
E The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
Question #56
A myopia.
B glaucoma.
C hyperopia.
D presbyopia.
E cataract.
Question #57
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #58
A are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
B when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
C are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
D bind chemicals called odorants
Question #59
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #60
A contains numerous nuclei connected by a network of white matter tracts.
B plays a role in controlling eye movement together with the inner ear.
C compares the intentions of the higher motor centers with the performance of the muscles and corrects this information resulting in coordinated muscle movements
D is important for the maintenance of balance.
E can be consciously controlled.
Question #61
A activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D she suddenly develops presbyopia.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #62
A they are part of the final common pathway
B they secrete dopamine
C they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
D their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
E they are also known as somatic motor neurons
F they exit from the anterior gray horn
Question #63
A increased neurotransmitter release from the synaptic terminal of the photoreceptor.
B closure of Na+ channels and decreased Na+ flow into the photoreceptor
C excitation of bipolar cells
D bleaching of opsin.
E decreased depolarization of the photoreceptor’s plasma membrane
Question #64
A afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
B the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
C spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
D the dorsal root conducts motor information
Question #65
A bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
B bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
E are found primarily in the heart.
Question #66
A Proprioceptors
B Nociceptors
C Mechanoreceptors
D Chemoreceptors
E Photoreceptors
Question #67
A The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
B The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
C The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
D The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
E There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
Question #68
A Loss of both pressure sense and pain in the right foot
B Loss of pain in the left foot
C Loss of pain in the right foot
Question #69
A the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
B movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
C increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
D movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
E displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.