Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A adrenergic
B nicotinic
C muscarinic
Question #2
A Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
B Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
C A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
D Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
E A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
Question #3
A 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
B 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
C 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
D 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
Question #4
A Sound
B Vision
C Proprioception
D Cold and warmth
E pain
F Pressure
Question #5
A The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
B The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
C The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
D The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
E The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
Question #6
A occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
B is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
C is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
D opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
E stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
Question #7
A contains voltage-gated channels.
B is found in the soma of the neuron
C is where action potentials are first generated.
D is located in the axon hillock.
E contains ligand-gated channels
Question #8
A serotonin
B acetylcholine
C norepinephrine
D histamine
Question #9
A acetylcholine
B histamine
C serotonin
D dopamine
Question #10
A norepinephrine
B acetylcholine
C serotonin
D histamine
Question #11
A histamine
B norepinephrine
C acetylcholine
D dopamine
Question #12
A dopamine
B norepinephrine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #13
A somatosensory cortex
B limbic system
C temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
D frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
E occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #14
A It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
B Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
C It has the same value in all cells.
D It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
E It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
F in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
Question #15
A No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
B Both near and distance vision are compromised
C Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
D Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
E Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
Question #16
A parasympathetic
B photoreceptor
C nociceptor
D parasympatic
Question #17
A language ability
B
C personality traits.
D voluntary initiation of movement.
E final sensory perception
F control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
Question #18
A Mitochondria
B Pineal gland
C Pituitary gland
D Hypothalamus
Question #19
A Reflection
B Retraction
C Deflection
D Refraction
Question #20
A The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
B Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
C Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
D Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
E the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
F Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
Question #21
A are found primarily in the heart.
B bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
C bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
Question #22
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #23
A hyperopia.
B cataract.
C glaucoma.
D presbyopia.
E myopia.
Question #24
A carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
B carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
C relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
D transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
E are part of the peripheral nervous system.
Question #25
A Occipital lobe association area
B Primary Auditory cortex
C Parietal lobe association area
D Primary Visual cortex
E Somatosensory cortex
Question #26
A 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
B 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
C 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
D 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
E 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
Question #27
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #28
A thermoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #29
A contains voltage-gated channels.
B is located in the axon hillock.
C is found in the soma of the neuron
D is where action potentials are first generated.
E contains ligand-gated channels
Question #30
A contraction of the ciliary muscles.
B increased rounding of the cornea.
C dilation of the pupil.
D activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
E flatteningof the lens.
Question #31
A inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
B functions as the body’s thermostat
C secretes hormones
D controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
E plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
F is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
Question #32
A both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
B the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
C both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
D both pens are activating the same receptor.
Question #33
A Nociceptors
B Chemoreceptors
C Photoreceptors
D Proprioceptors
E Mechanoreceptors
Question #34
A are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
B when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
C bind chemicals called odorants
D are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #35
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #36
A mechanoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #37
A photoreceptor
B nociceptor
C chemoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #38
A chemoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #39
A nociceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #40
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #41
A They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
B They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
C They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
D They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
E They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
Question #42
A are important in the repair of brain injuries and in neural scar formation.
B are part of the blood-brain barrier.
C can take up excess neurotransmitters
D physically support neurons.
E produce myelin
F produce the CSF
Question #43
A They propagate without decrement.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They are action potentials.
D They always trigger action potentials.
E They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
Question #44
A trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
B trigger an action potential.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E cause a change in membrane potential.
Question #45
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #46
A activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
B activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D she suddenly develops presbyopia.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #47
A Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
B They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
C They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
D They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
E They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
Question #48
A always results in muscle contraction
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
C is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
D is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
E occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
Question #49
A Na+/K+ pumps.
B Na+ voltage-gated channels.
C Na+ leak channels
D K+ leak channels.
Question #50
A The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
B The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
C There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
D The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
E The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
Question #51
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #52
A displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
B movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
C increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
D movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
E the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
Question #53
A globus pallidus
B mammilary body
C putamen
D caudate nucleus
E substantia nigra
F cingulate gyrus
Question #54
A 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
B 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
C 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
D 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
Question #55
A anterior spinothalmic tract
B the posterior column
C lateral corticospinal tract
D medial leminscus tract
E spinocerebellar tract
Question #56
A iris
B cornea
C ciliary muscle
D lens
E retina
Question #57
A All of these will not occur
B The repolarization phase of the action potential
C The depolarization phase of the action potential
D The graded potential
E The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
Question #58
A The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
B Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
C Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
D The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
E Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
Question #59
A the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B the dorsal root conducts motor information
C afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
D spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
Question #60
A their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
B they exit from the anterior gray horn
C they are part of the final common pathway
D they secrete dopamine
E they are also known as somatic motor neurons
F they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
Question #61
A It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
B It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
C It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
D It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
E It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
Question #62
A Gray, White
B Brown, Gray
C Black, White
D White, Gray