Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A muscarinic
B adrenergic
C nicotinic
Question #2
A Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
B A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
C A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
D Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
E Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
Question #3
A 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
B 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
Question #4
A Proprioception
B Sound
C Vision
D pain
E Pressure
F Cold and warmth
Question #5
A The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
B The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
D The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
E The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
Question #6
A is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
B is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
C stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
D opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
E occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
Question #7
A is located in the axon hillock.
B is where action potentials are first generated.
C contains ligand-gated channels
D is found in the soma of the neuron
E contains voltage-gated channels.
Question #8
A norepinephrine
B serotonin
C acetylcholine
D histamine
Question #9
A dopamine
B serotonin
C histamine
D acetylcholine
Question #10
A norepinephrine
B histamine
C acetylcholine
D serotonin
Question #11
A norepinephrine
B dopamine
C acetylcholine
D histamine
Question #12
A serotonin
B dopamine
C acetylcholine
D norepinephrine
Question #13
A frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
B limbic system
C occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
D somatosensory cortex
E temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #14
A It has the same value in all cells.
B Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
C It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
D It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
E in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
F It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
Question #15
A Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
B No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
C Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
D Both near and distance vision are compromised
E Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
Question #16
A parasympathetic
B photoreceptor
C parasympatic
D nociceptor
Question #17
A control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
B voluntary initiation of movement.
C final sensory perception
D language ability
E personality traits.
F
Question #18
A Pineal gland
B Pituitary gland
C Hypothalamus
D Mitochondria
Question #19
A Deflection
B Retraction
C Refraction
D Reflection
Question #20
A The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
B Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
C Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
D the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
E Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
F Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
Question #21
A bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B are found primarily in the heart.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
E bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
Question #22
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #23
A myopia.
B cataract.
C hyperopia.
D glaucoma.
E presbyopia.
Question #24
A transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
B relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
C carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
D are part of the peripheral nervous system.
E carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
Question #25
A Occipital lobe association area
B Primary Auditory cortex
C Parietal lobe association area
D Primary Visual cortex
E Somatosensory cortex
Question #26
A 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
B 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
C 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
D 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
E 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
Question #27
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #28
A thermoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #29
A contains voltage-gated channels.
B is located in the axon hillock.
C is found in the soma of the neuron
D is where action potentials are first generated.
E contains ligand-gated channels
Question #30
A contraction of the ciliary muscles.
B activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
C flatteningof the lens.
D dilation of the pupil.
E increased rounding of the cornea.
Question #31
A is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
B inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
C functions as the body’s thermostat
D secretes hormones
E plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
F controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
Question #32
A both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
B both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
C the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
D both pens are activating the same receptor.
Question #33
A Mechanoreceptors
B Photoreceptors
C Nociceptors
D Proprioceptors
E Chemoreceptors
Question #34
A when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
B are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
C bind chemicals called odorants
D are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
Question #35
A thermoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C nociceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #36
A chemoreceptor
B nociceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #37
A chemoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #38
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #39
A nociceptor
B chemoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #40
A photoreceptor
B nociceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #41
A They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
B They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
C They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
D They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
E They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
Question #42
A are important in the repair of brain injuries and in neural scar formation.
B produce myelin
C produce the CSF
D are part of the blood-brain barrier.
E physically support neurons.
F can take up excess neurotransmitters
Question #43
A They are action potentials.
B They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
C They always trigger action potentials.
D They propagate without decrement.
E They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
Question #44
A be conducted to the axon hillock.
B cause a change in membrane potential.
C trigger an action potential.
D depolarize a dendrite.
E trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
Question #45
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #46
A she suddenly develops presbyopia.
B activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #47
A They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
B They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
C They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
D Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
E They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
Question #48
A is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
B always results in muscle contraction
C is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
D occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
Question #49
A Na+/K+ pumps.
B Na+ leak channels
C K+ leak channels.
D Na+ voltage-gated channels.
Question #50
A The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
B The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
C There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
D The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
E The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
Question #51
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #52
A increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
B movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
C movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
D the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
E displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
Question #53
A caudate nucleus
B putamen
C cingulate gyrus
D substantia nigra
E globus pallidus
F mammilary body
Question #54
A 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
B 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
Question #55
A the posterior column
B lateral corticospinal tract
C medial leminscus tract
D anterior spinothalmic tract
E spinocerebellar tract
Question #56
A retina
B cornea
C lens
D ciliary muscle
E iris
Question #57
A The repolarization phase of the action potential
B All of these will not occur
C The graded potential
D The depolarization phase of the action potential
E The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
Question #58
A The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
B Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
C Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
D Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
E The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
Question #59
A the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B the dorsal root conducts motor information
C afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
D spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
Question #60
A they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
B their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
C they exit from the anterior gray horn
D they are also known as somatic motor neurons
E they secrete dopamine
F they are part of the final common pathway
Question #61
A It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
B It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
C It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
D It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
E It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
Question #62
A Brown, Gray
B Gray, White
C White, Gray
D Black, White