Navigation » List of Schools » West Los Angeles College » Physiology » Physiology 101 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Fall 2020 » Lecture Exam 2 (A)
Below are the questions for the exam with the choices of answers:
Question #1
A nicotinic
B muscarinic
C adrenergic
Question #2
A Persistence of the sensation of a limb even after it has been severed from the body
B Conversion of the energy of a stimulus into a pattern of electrical activity
C Information from sensory receptorsreaches the cerebral cortex and the person becomes aware of it
D A decrease in receptor sensitivity despite continuation of a stimulus
E A depolarization of receptive membrane that increase in magnitude as the stimulus intensity increases
Question #3
A 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
B 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
Question #4
A Cold and warmth
B Pressure
C Proprioception
D Vision
E pain
F Sound
Question #5
A The permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium ions is much greater than its permeability to sodium ions.
B The concentration of sodium ion is greater inside the cell than outside.
C The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to sodium ions.
D The plasma membrane is completely impermeable to potassium ions.
E The plasma membrane is most permeable to sodium ions.
Question #6
A is a direct result of the opening of ligand-gated channels permeable to both Na + and K + ions in the pre-synaptic cell
B stabilizes the membrane to remain at its resting potential.
C is a direct result of the opening of voltage-gated channels permeable to Na + ions in the post-synaptic cell
D occurs when voltage-gated Cl- channels open in a postsynaptic cell membrane.
E opens voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane.
Question #7
A is where action potentials are first generated.
B is found in the soma of the neuron
C contains voltage-gated channels.
D contains ligand-gated channels
E is located in the axon hillock.
Question #8
A serotonin
B norepinephrine
C acetylcholine
D histamine
Question #9
A acetylcholine
B serotonin
C histamine
D dopamine
Question #10
A acetylcholine
B serotonin
C histamine
D norepinephrine
Question #11
A histamine
B dopamine
C norepinephrine
D acetylcholine
Question #12
A dopamine
B norepinephrine
C serotonin
D acetylcholine
Question #13
A somatosensory cortex
B frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex
C temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex
D limbic system
E occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex
Question #14
A in neurons, it is created mainly by potassium ion leakage
B It is oriented so that the cell’s interior is negative with respect to the extracellular fluid.
C Only nerve and muscle cells have a potential difference across the membrane at rest.
D It has the same value in all cells.
E It is not altered by changing concentration gradients of permeating ions.
F It requires ions to be distributed unevenly across the plasma membrane of a cell.
Question #15
A Near vision (e.g., reading a book)
B Both near and distance vision are fine, but changing back and forth between them becomes difficult
C No light will enter the eye and blindness will result
D Distance vision (e.g., reading a street sign)
E Both near and distance vision are compromised
Question #16
A photoreceptor
B parasympatic
C nociceptor
D parasympathetic
Question #17
A final sensory perception
B
C control of breathing, circulation, and digestion.
D voluntary initiation of movement.
E language ability
F personality traits.
Question #18
A Mitochondria
B Pineal gland
C Pituitary gland
D Hypothalamus
Question #19
A Retraction
B Reflection
C Deflection
D Refraction
Question #20
A Long parasympathetic preganglionic fibers end at the terminal ganglia, which lie in or near the effector organ.
B Terminal ganglia lie in a chain located along either side of the spinal cord.
C Terminal ganglia give rise to sympathetic neurons
D The terminal ganglia contain muscarinic receptors.
E Terminal ganglia are the final common pathway for the autonomic nervous system.
F the otic ganglia are found near the parotid gland
Question #21
A bind acetylcholine released from parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
B bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers.
C bind with norepinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
D are found primarily in the heart.
E bind acetylcholine released from both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
Question #22
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #23
A presbyopia.
B glaucoma.
C cataract.
D myopia.
E hyperopia.
Question #24
A are part of the peripheral nervous system.
B relay messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to efferent neurons.
C carry impulses from the periphery to the CNS.
D transmit signals derived from afferent receptors up the spinal cord to the brain.
E carry impulses from the CNS to the periphery.
Question #25
A Parietal lobe association area
B Primary Auditory cortex
C Somatosensory cortex
D Occipital lobe association area
E Primary Visual cortex
Question #26
A 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
B 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
C 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
D 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
E 3, 1, 4, 5, 2
Question #27
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #28
A chemoreceptor
B photoreceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #29
A is located in the axon hillock.
B contains ligand-gated channels
C contains voltage-gated channels.
D is where action potentials are first generated.
E is found in the soma of the neuron
Question #30
A flatteningof the lens.
B increased rounding of the cornea.
C activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
D dilation of the pupil.
E contraction of the ciliary muscles.
Question #31
A inhibits muscle tone throughout the body.
B plays a role in emotional and behavioral patterns.
C is a relay station for sensory input on its way to the cerebral cortex.
D controls thirst, urine output, and food intake.
E secretes hormones
F functions as the body’s thermostat
Question #32
A both afferent neurons converge on the same interneuron.
B both sensations are grouped together in the somatosensory cortex.
C both pens are activating the same receptor.
D the receptors in both skin areas utilize the same afferent neuron.
Question #33
A Mechanoreceptors
B Chemoreceptors
C Photoreceptors
D Nociceptors
E Proprioceptors
Question #34
A bind chemicals called odorants
B are replaced by cells known as basal cells.
C are specialized endings of afferent neurons called chemoreceptors
D when stimulated send impulses both to the limbic system and to the cortex for perception of smell.
Question #35
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C photoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #36
A thermoreceptor
B chemoreceptor
C mechanoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #37
A nociceptor
B photoreceptor
C thermoreceptor
D chemoreceptor
Question #38
A photoreceptor
B mechanoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D thermoreceptor
Question #39
A photoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C chemoreceptor
D nociceptor
Question #40
A chemoreceptor
B thermoreceptor
C nociceptor
D photoreceptor
Question #41
A They deliver synaptic input on other neurons.
B They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS.
C They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons.
D They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs.
E They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.
Question #42
A can take up excess neurotransmitters
B physically support neurons.
C are part of the blood-brain barrier.
D produce the CSF
E produce myelin
F are important in the repair of brain injuries and in neural scar formation.
Question #43
A They are action potentials.
B They propagate without decrement.
C They always trigger action potentials.
D They generally occur at the axon hillock of afferent neurons.
E They can be graded and vary with stimulus strength.
Question #44
A cause a change in membrane potential.
B depolarize a dendrite.
C be conducted to the axon hillock.
D trigger an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
E trigger an action potential.
Question #45
A FALSE
B TRUE
Question #46
A she suddenly develops presbyopia.
B activation of her parasympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
C activation of her sympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
D activation of her parasympathetic nerves causes sudden contraction of her ciliary muscles.
E activation of her sympathetic nerves inhibits contraction of her ciliary muscles.
Question #47
A Their main input is sensory information arriving along neurons that project directly from the thalamus.
B They are all found in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
C They are found deep in the cerebrum, surrounding the thalamus.
D They integrate multiple types of sensory information and are responsible for complex processing of sensory information.
E They are the cortical locations where primary sensory information first arrives from specific ascending pathways.
Question #48
A always results in muscle contraction
B is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons
C is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by upper motor neurons arising from the motor cortex
D occurs in unmyelinated nerve fibers.
E is comprised of lower motor neurons controlled by local circuit neurons and upper motor neurons arising from the cerebellum
Question #49
A K+ leak channels.
B Na+ voltage-gated channels.
C Na+/K+ pumps.
D Na+ leak channels
Question #50
A The photoreceptor cell membranebecomes depolarized.
B The chromophore retinal undergoes a change of shape.
C The photoreceptor cells are stimulated and fireaction potentials.
D There is an increase in neurotransmitter release from photoreceptor cells.
E The concentration of cyclic GMP inside cells increases.
Question #51
A TRUE
B FALSE
Question #52
A movement of the basilar membrane relative to the tectorial.
B increased fluid pressure against the cochlear duct by the fluid of the scala vestibuli
C the hairs of the receptor cells of the Organ of Corti to be bent
D movement of the tectorial membrane relative to the vestibular
E displacement of the round window, which dissipates pressure in the cochlea.
Question #53
A mammilary body
B globus pallidus
C caudate nucleus
D cingulate gyrus
E putamen
F substantia nigra
Question #54
A 1,4,7,8,3,2,6,5,9,10
B 1,4,8,7,3,2,5,6,9,10
C 1,3,2,6,5,9,10,4,8,7
D 1,3,2,5,7,6,8,4,9,10
Question #55
A spinocerebellar tract
B lateral corticospinal tract
C medial leminscus tract
D anterior spinothalmic tract
E the posterior column
Question #56
A ciliary muscle
B lens
C retina
D iris
E cornea
Question #57
A All of these will not occur
B The graded potential
C The exocytosis of neurotransmitter
D The repolarization phase of the action potential
E The depolarization phase of the action potential
Question #58
A Myopia is a condition in which the lens focuses light from distant objects behind the retina.
B The image of an object that is focused on the retina is upside down relative to the object’s actual position in space.
C Cataract is an increase in opacity (clouding) of the lens.
D The cornea refracts light rays more strongly than the lens.
E Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens cannot accommodate adequately for near vision.
Question #59
A the ventral root contains axons of afferent, sensory neurons
B spinal nerves are for the conduction of motor information only
C the dorsal root conducts motor information
D afferent, sensory neurons are unipolar neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
Question #60
A they secrete dopamine
B they exit from the anterior gray horn
C they are also known as somatic motor neurons
D they are part of the final common pathway
E they can excite or inhibit skeletal muscles
F their activity is influenced by upper motor neurons
Question #61
A It maintains an electrical gradient at the equilibrium potential of K +.
B It generates a small electrical potential such that the inside of a neuron is made negative with respect to the outside.
C It transports equal numbers of sodium and potassium ions with each pump cycle.
D It pumps 3 Na + ions into the cell for every 2 K + ions it pumps out.
E It maintains a concentration gradient for K + such that diffusion forces favor movement of K + into the cell.
Question #62
A Brown, Gray
B Gray, White
C White, Gray
D Black, White