Quiz 5

A  Affirmative action discriminates on the basis of race.

B  Diversity helps Americans better understand each other.

C  Discrimination is a natural part of the human experience.

D  Unaddressed past discrimination causes perpetual inequality.

A  Affirmative action policies must ensure that all racial and ethnic groups are represented in accordance with the population of the nation as a whole.

B  Affirmative action policies are generally permissible, but they cannot involve race-based quotas or numerical point systems.

C  Affirmative action policies are assumed to be unconstitutional unless the university can demonstrate the need to promote racial tolerance.

D  All forms of affirmative action are unconstitutional because they unfairly favor some people over others based on the color of their skin.

A  considering how an applicant would contribute to the diversity of the university

B  admitting some minority applicants with lower academic achievement than some rejected white applicants

C  setting aside a certain percentage of admissions slots for African American students

D  considering race as a factor in university admissions decisions

A  a hiring policy that favors those with relatives working in government

B  requiring that all job applicants have at least two years of prior experience

C  a color-blind job application process to give members of this group an equal chance

D  a college admissions policy that gives preferential treatment to members of the group

A  racial quotas in university admissions

B  all forms of affirmative action

C  grandfather clauses

D  Jim Crow laws

A  Asian Americans

B  American Indians

C  gays and lesbians

D  disabled Americans

A  during the Civil War

B  at the same time that black males won the right to vote

C  immediately after the Civil War

D  decades after black males won the right to vote

A  nonviolent resistance

B  racial discrimination in public accommodations

C  discrimination based on sexual orientation

D  poll taxes and grandfather clauses

A  The quality of life for African Americans in the South had deteriorated considerably since the adoption of the separate-but-equal doctrine.

B  The separate-but-equal doctrine was never intended to apply to people.

C  School segregation violated the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of equal protection.

D  The Supreme Court did not have all of the facts when it adopted the separate-but-equal doctrine.

A  the Supreme Court had determined that only the national government could regulate elections

B  because it was clear that many areas in the South had no intention of living up to the spirit of the Fifteenth Amendment

C  because Congress was afraid the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. would lead a boycott of white businesses if the legislation was not passed

D  to prevent the race riots from spreading from African American neighborhoods into traditionally white neighborhoods

A  Both decisions upheld important constitutional principles.

B  Both decisions limited the civil rights of racial or ethnic minorities.

C  Both decisions were positive turning points in the history of American jurisprudence.

D  Both decisions were important early victories in the struggle for civil rights.

A  sequestering the jury in order to ensure a fair trial

B  Jim Crow laws

C  the tendency for churches to be racially homogeneous

D  the small number of African American senators

A  affirmative action

B  Jim Crow laws

C  white primaries

D  majority-minority districts

A  protests

B  marches and rallies

C  boycotts

D  litigation

A  school integration

B  unequal school funding

C  school segregation

D  school busing

A  freedom rides

B  the refusal of African Americans to attend school with whites

C  de facto segregation

D  de jure segregation

A  citizens

B  property or chattel

C  eligible to vote

D  separate but equal

A  Segregation in public facilities was not unconstitutional as long as the separate facilities were substantially equal.

B  The equal protection clause applied only to the actions of the federal government, not to actions of private businesses and individuals.

C  Jim Crow laws helped African Americans to achieve equality by building character through overcoming adversity.

D  Segregation was important for maintaining social order, a prerequisite for racial equality.

A  the equal protection clause

B  the Equal Rights Amendment

C  the privileges and immunities clause

D  the all men are created equal clause