Quiz 5

A  Discrimination is a natural part of the human experience.

B  Unaddressed past discrimination causes perpetual inequality.

C  Diversity helps Americans better understand each other.

D  Affirmative action discriminates on the basis of race.

A  Affirmative action policies are assumed to be unconstitutional unless the university can demonstrate the need to promote racial tolerance.

B  All forms of affirmative action are unconstitutional because they unfairly favor some people over others based on the color of their skin.

C  Affirmative action policies are generally permissible, but they cannot involve race-based quotas or numerical point systems.

D  Affirmative action policies must ensure that all racial and ethnic groups are represented in accordance with the population of the nation as a whole.

A  considering race as a factor in university admissions decisions

B  considering how an applicant would contribute to the diversity of the university

C  admitting some minority applicants with lower academic achievement than some rejected white applicants

D  setting aside a certain percentage of admissions slots for African American students

A  a color-blind job application process to give members of this group an equal chance

B  requiring that all job applicants have at least two years of prior experience

C  a college admissions policy that gives preferential treatment to members of the group

D  a hiring policy that favors those with relatives working in government

A  racial quotas in university admissions

B  Jim Crow laws

C  all forms of affirmative action

D  grandfather clauses

A  disabled Americans

B  American Indians

C  gays and lesbians

D  Asian Americans

A  decades after black males won the right to vote

B  at the same time that black males won the right to vote

C  during the Civil War

D  immediately after the Civil War

A  racial discrimination in public accommodations

B  poll taxes and grandfather clauses

C  nonviolent resistance

D  discrimination based on sexual orientation

A  School segregation violated the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of equal protection.

B  The quality of life for African Americans in the South had deteriorated considerably since the adoption of the separate-but-equal doctrine.

C  The Supreme Court did not have all of the facts when it adopted the separate-but-equal doctrine.

D  The separate-but-equal doctrine was never intended to apply to people.

A  because Congress was afraid the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. would lead a boycott of white businesses if the legislation was not passed

B  the Supreme Court had determined that only the national government could regulate elections

C  to prevent the race riots from spreading from African American neighborhoods into traditionally white neighborhoods

D  because it was clear that many areas in the South had no intention of living up to the spirit of the Fifteenth Amendment

A  Both decisions limited the civil rights of racial or ethnic minorities.

B  Both decisions were important early victories in the struggle for civil rights.

C  Both decisions upheld important constitutional principles.

D  Both decisions were positive turning points in the history of American jurisprudence.

A  the small number of African American senators

B  the tendency for churches to be racially homogeneous

C  sequestering the jury in order to ensure a fair trial

D  Jim Crow laws

A  Jim Crow laws

B  white primaries

C  affirmative action

D  majority-minority districts

A  protests

B  litigation

C  boycotts

D  marches and rallies

A  school segregation

B  school integration

C  school busing

D  unequal school funding

A  de facto segregation

B  de jure segregation

C  the refusal of African Americans to attend school with whites

D  freedom rides

A  separate but equal

B  property or chattel

C  eligible to vote

D  citizens

A  The equal protection clause applied only to the actions of the federal government, not to actions of private businesses and individuals.

B  Segregation was important for maintaining social order, a prerequisite for racial equality.

C  Jim Crow laws helped African Americans to achieve equality by building character through overcoming adversity.

D  Segregation in public facilities was not unconstitutional as long as the separate facilities were substantially equal.

A  the privileges and immunities clause

B  the all men are created equal clause

C  the equal protection clause

D  the Equal Rights Amendment