Module 1 Exam

A  attrition

B  selective survival

C  selective sampling

D  cohort effect

A  age effect

B  time of measurement effect

C  gender effect

D  cohort effect

A  independent; dependent

B  dependent; independent

C  correlational; quasi-experimental

D  quasi-experimental; correlational

A  quasi-experimental research

B  cross-sectional research

C  longitudinal research

D  ethnographic research

A  correlation

B  theory

C  quasi-experiment

D  experiment

A  a cross-sectional design

B  a semi-reliable design

C  a longitudinal design

D  a quasi-experimental design

A  Standardization; variance from the mean

B  Variance from the mean; standardization

C  Validity; reliability

D  Reliability; validity

A  internally measured; externally measured

B  non-numerical; numerical

C  informed consent; debriefing

D  reliable; valid

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

D  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Confidentiality; reliability

B  Reliability; confidentiality

C  Informed consent; debriefing

D  Debriefing; informed consent

A  Institutional Review Board

B  University Research Sponsorship Department

C  Ethical Standard Board

D  Department of Research

A  standardization

B  generalizability

C  reliability

D  validity

A  population

B  hypothesis

C  theory

D  variable

A  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

B  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

C  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

D  a group of people who participate in a research study

A  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

B  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

C  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

D  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

A  collecting data

B  selecting a research method and a research design

C  identifying a question of scientific interest

D  forming a hypothesis

A  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

B  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

C  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

D  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  exosystem

D  chronosystem

A  schools, religious institutions, and the media

B  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

C  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

D  time and historical change

A  mesosystem

B  microsystem

C  exosystem

D  macrosystem

A  macrosystem

B  microsystem

C  mesosystem

D  exosystem

A  Freud

B  Piaget

C  Erikson

D  Bronfenbrenner

A  critical period

B  sensitivity

C  fixation

D  crisis

A  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

B  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

C  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

D  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

A  id, ego, superego

B  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

C  the self, the shadow, the anima

D  real self, fear self, future self

A  psychocognitive

B  psychosexual

C  psychobiological

D  psychosocial

A  psychosocial moratorium

B  behavioral therapy

C  humanistic psychology

D  psychoanalysis

A  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

B  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

C  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

D  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

A  high; moderate

B  high; low

C  moderate; low

D  low; high

A  education status

B  socioeconomic status

C  tax bracket status

D  social class status

A  majority culture

B  ethnic populace

C  minority culture

D  subcultural groups

A  rural cultures

B  traditional cultures

C  agrarian cultures

D  conventional cultures

A  20%

B  60%

C  40%

D  80%

A  individualistic culture

B  collective culture

C  developed country

D  developing country

A  Japan

B  Canada

C  the United States

D  Germany

A  18%, 82%

B  27%, 73%

C  47%, 57%

D  37%, 63%

A  Individualistic cultures

B  Developing countries

C  Collective cultures

D  Developed countries

A  impoverished countries

B  population-rich countries

C  developed countries

D  developing countries

A  remain stable in population

B  decrease

C  increase more than developing countries

D  increase slowly

A  emerging countries

B  developing countries

C  developed countries

D  South American countries

A  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

B  births per woman

C  conceptions per woman

D  women on fertility drugs

A  the Internet

B  social networks

C  globalization

D  small world syndrome

A  the strength of their id

B  their genetic lineage

C  the expression of their phenotype

D  their culture

A  growth

B  evolution

C  development

D  change