Module 1 Exam

A  selective sampling

B  cohort effect

C  attrition

D  selective survival

A  time of measurement effect

B  cohort effect

C  gender effect

D  age effect

A  dependent; independent

B  correlational; quasi-experimental

C  quasi-experimental; correlational

D  independent; dependent

A  cross-sectional research

B  longitudinal research

C  quasi-experimental research

D  ethnographic research

A  experiment

B  quasi-experiment

C  correlation

D  theory

A  a longitudinal design

B  a cross-sectional design

C  a semi-reliable design

D  a quasi-experimental design

A  Reliability; validity

B  Validity; reliability

C  Variance from the mean; standardization

D  Standardization; variance from the mean

A  reliable; valid

B  non-numerical; numerical

C  informed consent; debriefing

D  internally measured; externally measured

A  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

C  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

D  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

A  Informed consent; debriefing

B  Confidentiality; reliability

C  Debriefing; informed consent

D  Reliability; confidentiality

A  Ethical Standard Board

B  Department of Research

C  Institutional Review Board

D  University Research Sponsorship Department

A  reliability

B  generalizability

C  validity

D  standardization

A  population

B  theory

C  variable

D  hypothesis

A  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

B  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

C  a group of people who participate in a research study

D  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

A  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

B  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

C  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

D  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

A  forming a hypothesis

B  selecting a research method and a research design

C  collecting data

D  identifying a question of scientific interest

A  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

B  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

C  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

D  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  exosystem

D  chronosystem

A  time and historical change

B  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

C  schools, religious institutions, and the media

D  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

A  microsystem

B  mesosystem

C  exosystem

D  macrosystem

A  exosystem

B  mesosystem

C  microsystem

D  macrosystem

A  Bronfenbrenner

B  Freud

C  Piaget

D  Erikson

A  fixation

B  sensitivity

C  crisis

D  critical period

A  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

B  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

C  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

D  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

A  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

B  real self, fear self, future self

C  id, ego, superego

D  the self, the shadow, the anima

A  psychocognitive

B  psychosocial

C  psychobiological

D  psychosexual

A  psychoanalysis

B  psychosocial moratorium

C  behavioral therapy

D  humanistic psychology

A  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

B  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

C  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

D  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

A  high; moderate

B  low; high

C  moderate; low

D  high; low

A  education status

B  socioeconomic status

C  tax bracket status

D  social class status

A  minority culture

B  subcultural groups

C  ethnic populace

D  majority culture

A  agrarian cultures

B  conventional cultures

C  traditional cultures

D  rural cultures

A  40%

B  60%

C  80%

D  20%

A  developed country

B  individualistic culture

C  developing country

D  collective culture

A  the United States

B  Canada

C  Japan

D  Germany

A  47%, 57%

B  18%, 82%

C  27%, 73%

D  37%, 63%

A  Developed countries

B  Individualistic cultures

C  Collective cultures

D  Developing countries

A  developing countries

B  developed countries

C  impoverished countries

D  population-rich countries

A  decrease

B  increase slowly

C  remain stable in population

D  increase more than developing countries

A  developing countries

B  South American countries

C  emerging countries

D  developed countries

A  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

B  conceptions per woman

C  births per woman

D  women on fertility drugs

A  social networks

B  the Internet

C  globalization

D  small world syndrome

A  the expression of their phenotype

B  their culture

C  the strength of their id

D  their genetic lineage

A  change

B  evolution

C  development

D  growth