Module 1 Exam

A  selective survival

B  attrition

C  cohort effect

D  selective sampling

A  gender effect

B  age effect

C  time of measurement effect

D  cohort effect

A  independent; dependent

B  correlational; quasi-experimental

C  dependent; independent

D  quasi-experimental; correlational

A  ethnographic research

B  cross-sectional research

C  longitudinal research

D  quasi-experimental research

A  quasi-experiment

B  theory

C  correlation

D  experiment

A  a semi-reliable design

B  a quasi-experimental design

C  a cross-sectional design

D  a longitudinal design

A  Reliability; validity

B  Variance from the mean; standardization

C  Standardization; variance from the mean

D  Validity; reliability

A  reliable; valid

B  informed consent; debriefing

C  non-numerical; numerical

D  internally measured; externally measured

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

C  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

D  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

A  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

B  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

A  Subjects are told what the purposes of the study are, what participation in the study involves, what risks (if any) are involved in participating, and what the person can expect to receive in return for participation.

B  They are usually comprised of people who have research experience themselves and therefore have experience that enables them to judge whether the research being proposed follows reasonable ethical guidelines.

C  Subjects must be told the true purpose of the study and the reason for any deception that may have been part of the study.

D  Personal information will not be shared with anyone outside the immediate research group and any results from the research will not identify any of the participants by name.

A  Debriefing; informed consent

B  Informed consent; debriefing

C  Confidentiality; reliability

D  Reliability; confidentiality

A  Institutional Review Board

B  University Research Sponsorship Department

C  Department of Research

D  Ethical Standard Board

A  generalizability

B  reliability

C  validity

D  standardization

A  variable

B  theory

C  hypothesis

D  population

A  a group of people who participate in a research study

B  a framework that presents a set of interconnected ideas in an original way and inspires further research

C  a statement indicating that participation in the study is voluntary, and that persons may withdraw from participation in the study at any time

D  the way the study is conducted and the data are collected

A  collect data to test a theory; manipulate variables within a laboratory setting; conduct a statistical analysis of the data; synthesize the results; and publish the findings

B  generate a conclusion; isolate variables; determine how variables are related to the conclusion; conduct the research study; and published the findings

C  observe the environment; generate a theory of the phenomenon to be studied; generate possible hypotheses; systematically vary variables; and conduct an experiment

D  identify a question to be investigated; form a hypothesis; choose a research method and a research design; collect data to test the hypothesis; and draw conclusions that lead to new questions and hypotheses

A  forming a hypothesis

B  identifying a question of scientific interest

C  selecting a research method and a research design

D  collecting data

A  culture should be factored out to determine what really influences development

B  cultural beliefs are the basis for many other conditions of children’s development

C  nearly everyone lives in a very similar culture

D  culture is damaging and can be devastating to a young child’s development

A  mesosystem

B  macrosystem

C  exosystem

D  chronosystem

A  schools, religious institutions, and the media

B  cultural beliefs and values, and economic and governmental systems

C  time and historical change

D  parents, siblings, peers and friends, and teachers

A  macrosystem

B  mesosystem

C  exosystem

D  microsystem

A  mesosystem

B  microsystem

C  macrosystem

D  exosystem

A  Erikson

B  Piaget

C  Bronfenbrenner

D  Freud

A  crisis

B  sensitivity

C  fixation

D  critical period

A  sexuality was even more important than Freud did

B  development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the early years were important

C  biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important

D  personality was set at birth, while Freud thought that it was completed by age 6

A  id, ego, superego

B  the self, the shadow, the anima

C  real self, fear self, future self

D  conscious, collective unconscious, subcortical unconscious

A  psychocognitive

B  psychosocial

C  psychosexual

D  psychobiological

A  behavioral therapy

B  humanistic psychology

C  psychoanalysis

D  psychosocial moratorium

A  middle-SES; high-SES; middle-SES fathers are more likely to be absent from the family

B  middle-SES; low-SES; middle-SES mothers are more likely to live in rural parts of the country

C  high-SES; low-SES; high-SES mothers are not likely to consume fluoride in their drinking water

D  low-SES; high-SES; low-SES mothers are less likely to receive prenatal care

A  high; moderate

B  high; low

C  moderate; low

D  low; high

A  education status

B  socioeconomic status

C  social class status

D  tax bracket status

A  subcultural groups

B  minority culture

C  majority culture

D  ethnic populace

A  rural cultures

B  conventional cultures

C  traditional cultures

D  agrarian cultures

A  40%

B  60%

C  20%

D  80%

A  developing country

B  individualistic culture

C  developed country

D  collective culture

A  Japan

B  Germany

C  Canada

D  the United States

A  27%, 73%

B  47%, 57%

C  18%, 82%

D  37%, 63%

A  Collective cultures

B  Individualistic cultures

C  Developing countries

D  Developed countries

A  population-rich countries

B  developed countries

C  impoverished countries

D  developing countries

A  increase slowly

B  remain stable in population

C  increase more than developing countries

D  decrease

A  emerging countries

B  developing countries

C  South American countries

D  developed countries

A  fetuses that were spontaneously aborted

B  women on fertility drugs

C  births per woman

D  conceptions per woman

A  social networks

B  the Internet

C  globalization

D  small world syndrome

A  the strength of their id

B  their culture

C  the expression of their phenotype

D  their genetic lineage

A  growth

B  development

C  evolution

D  change