Exam 1

A  By checking whether the source of information is primary

B  By checking whether the authors are well qualified

C  All of the other answer options are ways to check whether a source is reliable

D  By checking whether the information was peer-reviewed

A  A primary source is the original material published by the scientists, whereas a secondary source is the raw data before scientists publish.

B  A primary source is the original material published by the scientists, whereas a secondary source is a description of the original material.

C  There is no difference between primary and secondary sources.

D  A primary source is the raw data before scientists publish, whereas a secondary source is a description of the original material.

A  This study was not evaluated by other scientists.

B  This study was evaluated by qualified and impartial experts before being published.

C  This study can now be viewed on the Internet.

D  This study was published in a newspaper.

A  Make two batches of cookies, both with bleached flour; one taster tries both types and ranks which type they like best.

B  Make two batches of cookies, one with bleached flour and one with unbleached flour; twenty tasters try both types and rank which type they like best.

C  Make two batches of cookies, one with bleached flour and one with unbleached flour; twenty tasters try both types without knowing which ones they are eating and rank which type they like best.

D  Make two batches of cookies, one with bleached flour and one with unbleached flour; one taster tries both types and ranks which type they like best.

A  Neither the test group nor the researchers know whether the test group is receiving a placebo or the actual treatment until all the data are collected.

B  The test group knows whether they are receiving a placebo or the actual treatment, and so do the researchers.

C  The test group does not know whether they are receiving a placebo or the actual treatment, but the researchers do.

D  The test group knows whether they are receiving a placebo or the actual treatment, but the researchers do not know until all the data are collected.

A  The hypothesis

B  The dependent variable

C  The controlled experiment

D  The placebo

A  The tomato yield at the end of the growing season

B  The fertilizer amount

C  The temperature

D  The plant size at the end of the growing season

A  The temperature

B  The tomato yield at the end of the growing season

C  The fertilizer amount

D  The plant size at the end of the growing season

A  testable

B  falsifiable

C  All of the other answer options are important characteristics of hypotheses.

D  repeatable

A  A guess

B  A hypothesis that has been supported by a large number of experiments

C  A hypothesis that has been supported by the evidence of one experiment

D  A proposed explanation for an observed phenomenon

A  The transformation of energy and matter

B  The theory of evolution by natural selection

C  The relationship between structure and function

D  The flow of information from DNA to proteins

A  is undertaken only by trained scientists in a controlled laboratory setting

B  is the means by which absolute truth can be uncovered

C  is a linear process that must be precisely followed at all times

D  is a rough recipe for answering questions, but the steps need not always need to be performed in the same order

A  Developing a hypothesis

B  Making a prediction

C  Making an observation

D  Carrying out an experiment

A  Skin consists of a single cell type.

B  Skin consists of multiple cell types functioning as a single integrated unit.

C  Skin consists of multiple tissue types that cooperate to perform a specific task.

D  Skin is a vital component of multiple organ systems.

A  population

B  species

C  community

D  ecosystem

A  Biosphere → Community → Population → Tissue → Organ → Cell → Atom → Molecule

B  Ecosystem → Community → Population → Organ → Tissue → Cell → Molecule → Atom

C  Ecosystem → Population → Community → Organ system → Organ → Cell → Molecule → Atom

D  Community → Ecosystem → Population → Tissue → Organ → Cell → Organelle → Atom

A  No, it does not possess all of the requirements for life.

B  Yes, it possesses enough of the requirements for life to be considered living.

C  Yes, it possesses all of the requirements for life.

D  No, it does not possess any of the requirements for life.

A  An organism

B  A cell

C  An atom

D  A molecule

A  in the cytoplasm

B  in the Golgi apparatus

C  in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

D  in the rough endoplasmic reticulum

A  Proteins hold the instructions on how to make DNA.

B  DNA is not linked to the production of proteins.

C  DNA holds the instructions for the cells on how to make proteins.

D  DNA is the end point of protein production that allows cells to finish making proteins.

A  Lysosome

B  Mitochondria

C  Chloroplasts

D  Nucleus

A  pilus

B  flagellum

C  vesicle

D  cilium

A  A protein

B  An information storage molecule

C  An energy molecule

D  A carbohydrate

A  Golgi apparatus, ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum

B  Ribosome, Golgi apparatus

C  Nucleus, Golgi apparatus, ribosome

D  Nucleus, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus

A  Translation

B  Translocation

C  Transcription

D  Replication

A  Transcription and translation both occur in the nucleus.

B  Transcription occurs in the nucleus, and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

C  Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, and translation occurs in the nucleus.

D  Transcription and translation both occur in the cytoplasm.

A  Chromosomes are strands of RNA, loosely wrapped up, that are located everywhere in the cell.

B  Chromosomes are strands of DNA, tightly wrapped up, that are located everywhere in the cell.

C  Chromosomes are strands of RNA, tightly wrapped up, that are in the cytoplasm.

D  Chromosomes are strands of DNA, tightly wrapped up, that are located in the nucleus.

A  A substance goes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, and this requires energy.

B  A substance goes from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, and this requires energy.

C  A substance goes from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, and this releases energy.

D  A substance goes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, and this releases energy.

A  facilitated diffusion

B  simple diffusion

C  osmosis

D  hydrosmosis

A  The chloroplast

B  The plasma membrane

C  The cell wall

D  The nucleus

A  Cell wall

B  Chloroplast

C  Vacuole

D  Mitochondria

A  It has DNA.

B  It is moving.

C  It has a nucleus.

D  It has ribosomes.

A  Scientists do not have any evidence regarding whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells evolved first.

B  Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells evolved at about the same time.

C  Eukaryotic cells evolved a lot earlier (over a billion years) than prokaryotic cells.

D  Prokaryotic cells evolved a lot earlier (over a billion years) than eukaryotic cells.

A  Ribosomes

B  Cell wall

C  Plasmids

D  Plasma membrane

A  Polar bond

B  Protein bond

C  Peptide bond

D  Hydrogen bond

A  carbohydrate

B  monomer

C  lipid

D  protein

A  The reaction will reverse.

B  The reaction will proceed more slowly.

C  The reaction will stop completely.

D  The reaction will proceed more quickly.

A  The amino acid chain folds incorrectly.

B  The protein has a new shape.

C  The protein can no longer function properly.

D  All of the other answer options might happen

A  Saturated fat

B  Unsaturated fat

C  Trans fat

D  Cholesterol

A  False, because cholesterol levels are not related to human health.

B  True, because high levels of cholesterol lead to obesity.

C  True, because high levels of cholesterol lead to increased heart disease.

D  False, because some types cholesterol increase heart disease, but other types are necessary, especially in the plasma membrane.

A  osmotic reactions

B  hydrosynthetic reactions

C  hydrolysis reactions

D  dehydration synthesis reactions

A  Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

B  Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and sugars

C  Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and enzymes

D  Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and sugars

A  basic

B  alkaline

C  acidic

D  neutral

A  Water has a polar nature, and as such its polar molecules will bind to substances that have positive or negative charges.

B  Water is a heavy substance, and as such can disrupt pre-existing bonds.

C  Water is highly cohesive and adhesive, which allows it to bind to different substances as a solvent.

D  Water is very dense in its liquid state, which allows it to bind to different substances as a solvent.

A  nonpolar

B  covalent

C  hydrogen

D  ionic

A  6 neutrons and 6 electrons

B  6 neutrons and 8 electrons

C  7 neutrons and 7 electrons

D  8 neutrons and 6 electrons

A  chemical properties

B  chemical element

C  ion state

D  isotope

A  Oxygen

B  Calcium

C  Carbon

D  Nitrogen

A  During a chemical reaction, atoms of one element can be converted into a different element.

B  There are chemical reactions close to you right now.

C  During a chemical reaction, molecules are rearranged.

D  The products of a chemical reaction always have the same mass as the reactants.

A  12 O2 and 4 H2O

B  C10H8 and 10 CO2

C  C10H8 and 12 O2

D  10 CO2 and 4 H2O