Exam 3

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Girls; boys

B  Boys; girls

A  All of the statements are correct.

B  Showing warmth and respect and avoiding being too controlling or permissive.

C  Recognizing that moderate levels of conflict (e.g., about everyday events of family life, such as cleaning one’s room) is normal and may serve a positive developmental function.

D  Demonstrating sustained interest in their teen’s lives by sending time and monitoring their activities.

A  Prolonged, intense, repeated, unhealthy conflict is associated with negative adolescent outcomes (e.g., delinquency).

B  Disagreements between parents and children may serve a positive developmental function.

C  Conflict tends to increase during early adolescence.

D  All of the statements are correct.

A  a person’s beliefs about religion

B  All of the options are correct.

C  a person’s vocational/career choices

D  one’s personality

A  poorer mental and physical health

B  higher levels of antisocial (criminal behavior)

C  All of the options are correct.

D  worse economic prospects in the future

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  14-16 years

B  11-13 years

C  21-23 years

D  17-19 years

A  tend to have high levels of aggression in early childhood

B  All of the statements are correct.

C  tend to experience peer rejection during middle childhood

D  tend to continue engaging in delinquent behavior in adulthood after most others who engaged in delinquency in adolescence stop.

A  Finding intimacy instead of isolation

B  Achieving formal, abstract thinking

C  Forming an identity and not being confused about one’s role

D  Achieving conservation

A  control

B  solicitation (e.g., asking questions)

C  snooping

D  None of the above – that is, they are all likely to be perceived as equal violations.

E  None of the above – that is, they are all likely to be perceived as equal violations.

A  females are more likely than males to both attempt suicide and actually kill themselves.

B  males are more likely to attempt suicide, but be less likely to actually kill themselves compared with females.

C  there are no significant gender differences in suicide attempts or the rates of completion.

D  females are more likely to attempt suicide, but be less likely to actually kill themselves compared with males.

A  All of the statements are true.

B  Adolescents are less likely to conform to their peers (and give in to peer pressure) than young children.

C  Teens tend to report depending on friends more than parents to satisfy needs for self-worth and intimacy.

D  Teens are more likely to self-disclose information to their parents than their peers.

A  Her best friend

B  Her father

C  Her mother

D  None of the above.

A  Latinx

B  Caucasian/Non-Hispanic White

C  Native American

D  African American/Black

A  Girls tend to be more likely than boys to have internalizing disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression), whereas boys tend to be more likely than girls to have externalizing disorders (e.g., assaults, stealing).

B  Boys and girls are not at risk of developing internalizing or externalizing disorders until adulthood.

C  Girls and boys tend to have similar rates of internalizing and externalizing disorders.

D  Boys tend to be more likely than girls to have internalizing disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression), whereas girls tend to be more than boys likely to have externalizing disorders (e.g., assaults, stealing).

A  lower numbers of sexual partners.

B  fewer negative health-related behaviors (e.g., smoking, underage drinking, and drug use).

C  higher levels of antisocial behavior (e.g., being violent, stealing, running away from home)

D  higher levels of parental monitoring.

A  abstract thinking

B  theory of mind

C  object permanence

D  conservation

A  Pika

B  Bulimia

C  Anorexia Nervosa

D  Binge-eating disorder

A  Developing new forms of intimacy

B  All of the options are correct.

C  Learning skills to regulate sexual behavior to avoid undesirable consequences

D  Learning to manage sexual feelings (e.g., sexual arousal and attraction)

A  None of the options are true.

B  drink alcohol

C  smoke

D  be depressed

A  The amygdala tends to develop more rapidly (and sooner) than the prefrontal cortex.

B  The prefrontal cortex tends to develop more rapidly (and sooner) than the amygdala.

C  The amygdala and the prefrontal cortex tend to develop during the same time in adolescence.

D  Neither the amygdala nor the prefrontal cortex develop in adolescence.

A  lower levels of suicidal ideation

B  lower levels of anxiety and depression

C  feeling more tired, cranky, and irritable.

D  higher levels of academic achievement.

A  More school transitions tends to result in lower self-esteem.

B  Grades temporarily increase with each school transition.

C  Boys tend to have lower self-esteem than girls at each school transition.

D  All of the statements are true.

A  estrogen; testosterone

B  estrogen; serotonin

C  testosterone; estrogen

D  testosterone; cortisol

A  Cancer

B  Injuries

C  Suicide

D  Murder

A  more than their bodies need

B  just the right amount that their bodies need

C  less than their bodies need

A  Birth control pills

B  All of the options are correct.

C  Condoms

D  IUD’s

A  All of the statements are true.

B  Idealization of thinness

C  Low self-esteem

D  Being in a family where weight is an excessive concern and is negatively discussed a lot.

A  The U.S. has one of the lowest adolescent pregnancy and childbearing rates in the industrialized world.

B  Adolescent mothers are less likely to have babies with low birth weight than non-teen mothers.

C  U.S. teens are more sexually active than teens in other countries.

D  Teen pregnancy rates have lowered in the last few decades.

A  Family meals during adolescence can protect against the development of obesity.

B  More screen-based sedentary activity is associated with more negative health outcome (e.g., higher stress, worse sleep).

C  All of the statements are true.

D  Exercise is linked to positive physical and psychological outcomes in adolescence (e.g., lower blood pressure and depression levels).

A  Top-dog phenomenon

B  Imaginary audience

C  Fight-or-flight response

D  Personal fable

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Development does not end with the ability to perform formal operations.

B  All of the statements are true.

C  Piaget placed too much emphasis on stage-like development and development may also include continuous gradual development.

D  Some cognitive abilities emerge earlier than Piaget theorized.

A  a sense of uniqueness and invincibility in adolescence.

B  moving from being the oldest, biggest, and most powerful to being the youngest, smallest, and least powerful students.

C  the belief that others are as interested in them as they are in themselves.

D  adolescents’ liberal attitudes towards sex.

A  are less effective than sex educations programs that emphasize contraception use at reducing the risk of adolescent pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.

B  are not significantly different than sex education programs that emphasize contraception use at reducing the risk of adolescent pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.

C  are more effective than sex education programs that emphasize contraception use at reducing the risk of adolescent pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Activities, such as oral sex, may be considered by some teenagers to be “sex” while not by others.

B  Traditional definitions of virginity in research may not account for experiences by individuals in the LGBTQ+ community.

C  Females can break her hymen in ways that are unrelated to sexual intercourse.

D  All of the statements are correct.

A  school times started later (e.g., after 8:00 a.m.)

B  school times start at 8:00 a.m. (as is typical of most high schools)

C  school times started earlier (e.g., before 8 a.m.)

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Sunday

B  Monday

C  Wednesday

D  Friday

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Fight-or-flight response

B  Top-dog phenomenon

C  Imaginary audience

D  Personal fable

A  less tall; less tall

B  as tall or taller; less tall

C  less tall; taller

D  as tall or taller; similar in height

A  All of the statements are true.

B  Puberty is the most important marker of the beginning of adolescence.

C  Puberty is a single, sudden event.

D  The end of puberty marks the end of adolescence.

A  amygdala

B  hippocampus

C  prefrontal cortex

D  hypothalamus