Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

B They secrete inhibin.

C They secrete testosterone.

D They secrete androgen-binding protein.

E They protect and support the germ cells.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A distractor

B pubococcygeus

C corpus cavernosum

D corpus spongiosum

E detrusor

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the placenta

B Center of the ovum

C Cortex of the ovary

D Medulla of the ovary

E Epithelium of the endometrium

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A glomerulus

B descending limb of the nephron loop

C distal convoluted tubule

D proximal convoluted tubule

E medullary portion of the collecting duct

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A ejaculatory duct

B bulbourethral gland

C seminal vesicle

D corpus cavernosum

E prostate

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

B secretion of renin

C a decrease in aldosterone production

D secretion of parathyroid hormone

E an increase in blood urea nitrogen

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A labia minora

B clitoris

C mons pubis

D vagina

E urethra

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

B penetrate the vagina

C penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

D dissolve the stickiness of the semen

E dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal medulla

B perirenal fat capsule

C hilum

D fibrous capsule

E renal fascia

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A pampiniform plexus of veins

B blood-testis barrier

C rete testis

D scrotal portal system

E epididymis

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

C Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Decreased urine volume

B Increased urine salinity

C Increased urine volume

D Increased urine acidity

E Decreased urine molarity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A cortical radiate veins

B peritubular capillaries

C medulla

D vasa recta

E glomerulus

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal tubule

B renal column

C renal calyx

D renal capsule

E renal corpuscle

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

B The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

C The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

D The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

E The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

B An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

C Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

D Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

E A drop in oncotic pressure

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A seminal vesicle

B prostate

C urethra

D bulbourethral gland

E ejaculatory duct

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The prostate

B The uterus

C The enlargement of the breasts

D The presence of testes

E The vagina

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

B two haploid (n) cells

C four haploid (n) cells

D four diploid (2n) cells

E two diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It inhibits urine production.

B It compresses the urethra.

C It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

D It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

E It inhibits the micturition reflex.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Progesterone

B Estradiol and progesterone

C Androgens

D GnRH

E Estradiol

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus spongiosum

B cremaster

C corpus cavernosum

D perineum

E pampiniform plexus

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Uterine tube

B Ovary

C Urethra

D Uterus

E Urinary bladder

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A proximal convoluted tubules

B collecting ducts

C loops of Henle

D glomeruli

E distal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple cuboidal epithelium

B Transitional epithelium

C Simple squamous epithelium

D Simple columnar epithelium

E Stratified squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A parasympathetic; sympathetic

B sympathetic; parasympathetic

C enteric; somatic

D central; peripheral

E peripheral; central

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Development of secondary sex characteristics

B Development of secondary sex organs

C Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

D Sperm production

E Libido

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus albicans; progesterone

C corpus luteum; FSH and LH

D corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

E corpus albicans; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urethra

B liver

C ureter

D urinary bladder

E kidney

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

B It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

C It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

D It prevents heat loss from the testes.

E It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A rete testis

B spermatic cord

C epididymis

D seminiferous tubules

E ductus (vas) deferens

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 10 mm Hg out

B 20 mm Hg out

C 50 mm Hg out

D 40 mm Hg out

E 30 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A secreting renin

B deaminating amino acids

C secreting erythropoietin

D producing uric acid

E contributing to calcium homeostasis

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

B They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

C They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

D They release waste into the bloodstream.

E They help control blood pressure.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A corpus spongiosum

B corpus cavernosum

C scrotum

D ductus (vas) deferens

E epididymis

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

B Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

C Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

D Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

E Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A one pyramid and the overlying cortex

B one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

C one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

D two calyces and a renal pelvis

E a renal medulla and two renal columns

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Endometrium

B Perimetrium

C Cervix

D Fimbrium

E Myometrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A liver

B lungs

C heart

D spleen

E kidneys

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During embryonic development

B During pubarche

C At birth

D During thelarche

E During menarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A tubuloglomerular feedback

B the myogenic mechanism

C the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

D sympathetic control

E renal autoregulation

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The theca interna

B The corona radiata

C The corpus luteum

D The corpus albicans

E The granulosa cells

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A person is lost and deprived of drinking water

B output of antidiuretic hormone is high

C body’s pH is low

D body’s water volume is high

E output of natriuretic peptides is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A external urethral orifice

B spongy urethra

C membranous urethra

D internal urethral sphincter

E prostatic urethra

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