Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete inhibin.

B Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

C They protect and support the germ cells.

D They secrete testosterone.

E They secrete androgen-binding protein.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A pubococcygeus

B corpus spongiosum

C distractor

D detrusor

E corpus cavernosum

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the endometrium

B Center of the ovum

C Epithelium of the placenta

D Medulla of the ovary

E Cortex of the ovary

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A medullary portion of the collecting duct

B descending limb of the nephron loop

C proximal convoluted tubule

D glomerulus

E distal convoluted tubule

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A bulbourethral gland

B corpus cavernosum

C seminal vesicle

D prostate

E ejaculatory duct

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A an increase in blood urea nitrogen

B secretion of parathyroid hormone

C vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

D secretion of renin

E a decrease in aldosterone production

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A vagina

B mons pubis

C urethra

D labia minora

E clitoris

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate the vagina

B penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

C dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

D dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

E dissolve the stickiness of the semen

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A perirenal fat capsule

B hilum

C renal medulla

D renal fascia

E fibrous capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A pampiniform plexus of veins

B epididymis

C blood-testis barrier

D rete testis

E scrotal portal system

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

C Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

D Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine acidity

B Decreased urine volume

C Increased urine volume

D Increased urine salinity

E Decreased urine molarity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A medulla

B vasa recta

C glomerulus

D cortical radiate veins

E peritubular capillaries

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal capsule

B renal tubule

C renal column

D renal corpuscle

E renal calyx

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

B The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

C The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

D The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

E The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A A drop in oncotic pressure

B Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

C Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

D Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

E An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A urethra

B seminal vesicle

C prostate

D bulbourethral gland

E ejaculatory duct

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The uterus

B The enlargement of the breasts

C The prostate

D The vagina

E The presence of testes

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A four diploid (2n) cells

B two haploid (n) cells

C four haploid (n) cells

D haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

E two diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It inhibits urine production.

B It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

C It compresses the urethra.

D It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

E It inhibits the micturition reflex.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A GnRH

B Estradiol

C Androgens

D Progesterone

E Estradiol and progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus cavernosum

B corpus spongiosum

C pampiniform plexus

D perineum

E cremaster

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urethra

B Urinary bladder

C Uterine tube

D Uterus

E Ovary

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A collecting ducts

B proximal convoluted tubules

C distal convoluted tubules

D loops of Henle

E glomeruli

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple squamous epithelium

B Transitional epithelium

C Simple cuboidal epithelium

D Stratified squamous epithelium

E Simple columnar epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A central; peripheral

B sympathetic; parasympathetic

C parasympathetic; sympathetic

D enteric; somatic

E peripheral; central

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Development of secondary sex organs

B Sperm production

C Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

D Libido

E Development of secondary sex characteristics

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

C corpus albicans; progesterone

D corpus albicans; FSH and LH

E corpus luteum; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urinary bladder

B urethra

C liver

D kidney

E ureter

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

B It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

C It prevents heat loss from the testes.

D It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

E It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A spermatic cord

B epididymis

C ductus (vas) deferens

D seminiferous tubules

E rete testis

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 10 mm Hg out

B 30 mm Hg out

C 50 mm Hg out

D 40 mm Hg out

E 20 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A contributing to calcium homeostasis

B secreting erythropoietin

C secreting renin

D deaminating amino acids

E producing uric acid

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

B They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

C They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

D They release waste into the bloodstream.

E They help control blood pressure.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A epididymis

B ductus (vas) deferens

C corpus cavernosum

D corpus spongiosum

E scrotum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

B Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

C Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

D Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

E Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

B one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

C a renal medulla and two renal columns

D one pyramid and the overlying cortex

E two calyces and a renal pelvis

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Cervix

B Myometrium

C Fimbrium

D Endometrium

E Perimetrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A lungs

B kidneys

C liver

D spleen

E heart

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During embryonic development

B During thelarche

C During pubarche

D At birth

E During menarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A renal autoregulation

B the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

C sympathetic control

D tubuloglomerular feedback

E the myogenic mechanism

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus albicans

B The corona radiata

C The granulosa cells

D The corpus luteum

E The theca interna

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of antidiuretic hormone is high

B person is lost and deprived of drinking water

C body’s water volume is high

D output of natriuretic peptides is high

E body’s pH is low

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A spongy urethra

B membranous urethra

C prostatic urethra

D external urethral orifice

E internal urethral sphincter

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