Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete testosterone.

B They protect and support the germ cells.

C They secrete androgen-binding protein.

D Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

E They secrete inhibin.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A corpus cavernosum

B detrusor

C corpus spongiosum

D pubococcygeus

E distractor

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Cortex of the ovary

B Epithelium of the placenta

C Epithelium of the endometrium

D Center of the ovum

E Medulla of the ovary

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A distal convoluted tubule

B medullary portion of the collecting duct

C proximal convoluted tubule

D glomerulus

E descending limb of the nephron loop

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A ejaculatory duct

B bulbourethral gland

C corpus cavernosum

D prostate

E seminal vesicle

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A secretion of parathyroid hormone

B a decrease in aldosterone production

C vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

D secretion of renin

E an increase in blood urea nitrogen

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A mons pubis

B vagina

C labia minora

D urethra

E clitoris

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

B dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

C dissolve the stickiness of the semen

D penetrate the vagina

E dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal medulla

B perirenal fat capsule

C fibrous capsule

D hilum

E renal fascia

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A scrotal portal system

B blood-testis barrier

C pampiniform plexus of veins

D rete testis

E epididymis

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

B Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

D Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine acidity

B Decreased urine volume

C Increased urine salinity

D Increased urine volume

E Decreased urine molarity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A vasa recta

B medulla

C cortical radiate veins

D glomerulus

E peritubular capillaries

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal capsule

B renal calyx

C renal tubule

D renal corpuscle

E renal column

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

B The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

C The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

D The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

E The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

B An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

C Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

D Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

E A drop in oncotic pressure

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A urethra

B seminal vesicle

C bulbourethral gland

D prostate

E ejaculatory duct

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The enlargement of the breasts

B The vagina

C The uterus

D The presence of testes

E The prostate

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A four diploid (2n) cells

B two diploid (2n) cells

C haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

D four haploid (n) cells

E two haploid (n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It compresses the urethra.

B It inhibits urine production.

C It inhibits the micturition reflex.

D It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

E It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A GnRH

B Estradiol and progesterone

C Progesterone

D Androgens

E Estradiol

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus cavernosum

B pampiniform plexus

C corpus spongiosum

D perineum

E cremaster

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Ovary

B Urethra

C Urinary bladder

D Uterine tube

E Uterus

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A proximal convoluted tubules

B glomeruli

C loops of Henle

D distal convoluted tubules

E collecting ducts

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple cuboidal epithelium

B Simple columnar epithelium

C Stratified squamous epithelium

D Transitional epithelium

E Simple squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A parasympathetic; sympathetic

B peripheral; central

C sympathetic; parasympathetic

D enteric; somatic

E central; peripheral

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Sperm production

B Development of secondary sex characteristics

C Development of secondary sex organs

D Libido

E Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus luteum; FSH and LH

B corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

C corpus albicans; FSH and LH

D corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

E corpus albicans; progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urethra

B urinary bladder

C kidney

D liver

E ureter

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

B It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

C It prevents heat loss from the testes.

D It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

E It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A epididymis

B ductus (vas) deferens

C rete testis

D spermatic cord

E seminiferous tubules

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 10 mm Hg out

B 30 mm Hg out

C 50 mm Hg out

D 20 mm Hg out

E 40 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A producing uric acid

B secreting erythropoietin

C deaminating amino acids

D contributing to calcium homeostasis

E secreting renin

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

B They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

C They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

D They help control blood pressure.

E They release waste into the bloodstream.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A corpus cavernosum

B epididymis

C ductus (vas) deferens

D corpus spongiosum

E scrotum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

B Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

C Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

D Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

E Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A a renal medulla and two renal columns

B one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

C one pyramid and the overlying cortex

D one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

E two calyces and a renal pelvis

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Perimetrium

B Myometrium

C Fimbrium

D Endometrium

E Cervix

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A heart

B kidneys

C spleen

D liver

E lungs

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During thelarche

B During embryonic development

C At birth

D During menarche

E During pubarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the myogenic mechanism

B renal autoregulation

C tubuloglomerular feedback

D the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

E sympathetic control

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus luteum

B The granulosa cells

C The theca interna

D The corpus albicans

E The corona radiata

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A person is lost and deprived of drinking water

B body’s pH is low

C body’s water volume is high

D output of antidiuretic hormone is high

E output of natriuretic peptides is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A membranous urethra

B external urethral orifice

C internal urethral sphincter

D prostatic urethra

E spongy urethra

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