Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They protect and support the germ cells.

B They secrete inhibin.

C They secrete testosterone.

D Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

E They secrete androgen-binding protein.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A corpus cavernosum

B corpus spongiosum

C detrusor

D pubococcygeus

E distractor

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Center of the ovum

B Epithelium of the endometrium

C Medulla of the ovary

D Epithelium of the placenta

E Cortex of the ovary

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A glomerulus

B distal convoluted tubule

C proximal convoluted tubule

D medullary portion of the collecting duct

E descending limb of the nephron loop

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A prostate

B corpus cavernosum

C seminal vesicle

D ejaculatory duct

E bulbourethral gland

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A a decrease in aldosterone production

B secretion of parathyroid hormone

C vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

D secretion of renin

E an increase in blood urea nitrogen

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A vagina

B urethra

C mons pubis

D clitoris

E labia minora

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate the vagina

B dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

C penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

D dissolve the stickiness of the semen

E dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal fascia

B perirenal fat capsule

C renal medulla

D fibrous capsule

E hilum

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A pampiniform plexus of veins

B scrotal portal system

C rete testis

D epididymis

E blood-testis barrier

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine salinity

B Decreased urine volume

C Increased urine volume

D Increased urine acidity

E Decreased urine molarity

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A vasa recta

B cortical radiate veins

C peritubular capillaries

D medulla

E glomerulus

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal capsule

B renal corpuscle

C renal tubule

D renal column

E renal calyx

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

B The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

C The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

D The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

E The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

B An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

C Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

D Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

E A drop in oncotic pressure

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A prostate

B ejaculatory duct

C bulbourethral gland

D urethra

E seminal vesicle

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The vagina

B The presence of testes

C The prostate

D The uterus

E The enlargement of the breasts

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A four diploid (2n) cells

B four haploid (n) cells

C two haploid (n) cells

D haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

E two diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It inhibits the micturition reflex.

B It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

C It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

D It inhibits urine production.

E It compresses the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Progesterone

B GnRH

C Androgens

D Estradiol

E Estradiol and progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A corpus spongiosum

B corpus cavernosum

C perineum

D pampiniform plexus

E cremaster

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urinary bladder

B Uterine tube

C Uterus

D Ovary

E Urethra

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A glomeruli

B collecting ducts

C distal convoluted tubules

D loops of Henle

E proximal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple columnar epithelium

B Stratified squamous epithelium

C Simple squamous epithelium

D Simple cuboidal epithelium

E Transitional epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A peripheral; central

B central; peripheral

C enteric; somatic

D sympathetic; parasympathetic

E parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

B Sperm production

C Development of secondary sex organs

D Libido

E Development of secondary sex characteristics

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

C corpus albicans; progesterone

D corpus albicans; FSH and LH

E corpus luteum; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A ureter

B urinary bladder

C liver

D kidney

E urethra

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

B It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

C It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

D It prevents heat loss from the testes.

E It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A ductus (vas) deferens

B spermatic cord

C rete testis

D epididymis

E seminiferous tubules

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 50 mm Hg out

B 30 mm Hg out

C 20 mm Hg out

D 10 mm Hg out

E 40 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A producing uric acid

B secreting renin

C contributing to calcium homeostasis

D secreting erythropoietin

E deaminating amino acids

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

B They help control blood pressure.

C They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

D They release waste into the bloodstream.

E They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A epididymis

B ductus (vas) deferens

C corpus spongiosum

D scrotum

E corpus cavernosum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

B Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

C Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

D Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

E Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A a renal medulla and two renal columns

B one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

C one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

D one pyramid and the overlying cortex

E two calyces and a renal pelvis

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Fimbrium

B Endometrium

C Perimetrium

D Cervix

E Myometrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A kidneys

B liver

C heart

D lungs

E spleen

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During embryonic development

B During menarche

C During pubarche

D During thelarche

E At birth

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A tubuloglomerular feedback

B the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

C sympathetic control

D the myogenic mechanism

E renal autoregulation

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The granulosa cells

B The corona radiata

C The theca interna

D The corpus luteum

E The corpus albicans

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of antidiuretic hormone is high

B body’s pH is low

C body’s water volume is high

D person is lost and deprived of drinking water

E output of natriuretic peptides is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A external urethral orifice

B membranous urethra

C spongy urethra

D prostatic urethra

E internal urethral sphincter

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