Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They protect and support the germ cells.

B Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

C They secrete testosterone.

D They secrete inhibin.

E They secrete androgen-binding protein.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A pubococcygeus

B detrusor

C distractor

D corpus spongiosum

E corpus cavernosum

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Medulla of the ovary

B Center of the ovum

C Epithelium of the endometrium

D Epithelium of the placenta

E Cortex of the ovary

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A distal convoluted tubule

B proximal convoluted tubule

C medullary portion of the collecting duct

D glomerulus

E descending limb of the nephron loop

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A bulbourethral gland

B prostate

C seminal vesicle

D ejaculatory duct

E corpus cavernosum

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

B an increase in blood urea nitrogen

C a decrease in aldosterone production

D secretion of renin

E secretion of parathyroid hormone

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A clitoris

B urethra

C labia minora

D vagina

E mons pubis

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A penetrate the vagina

B dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

C dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

D dissolve the stickiness of the semen

E penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A hilum

B fibrous capsule

C renal medulla

D perirenal fat capsule

E renal fascia

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A epididymis

B scrotal portal system

C pampiniform plexus of veins

D blood-testis barrier

E rete testis

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

C Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

C Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine acidity

B Increased urine salinity

C Increased urine volume

D Decreased urine molarity

E Decreased urine volume

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A glomerulus

B medulla

C peritubular capillaries

D vasa recta

E cortical radiate veins

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal column

B renal calyx

C renal capsule

D renal corpuscle

E renal tubule

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

B The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

C The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

D The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

E The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

B An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

C Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

D A drop in oncotic pressure

E Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A ejaculatory duct

B bulbourethral gland

C urethra

D seminal vesicle

E prostate

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The prostate

B The vagina

C The enlargement of the breasts

D The uterus

E The presence of testes

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A two haploid (n) cells

B haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

C four diploid (2n) cells

D two diploid (2n) cells

E four haploid (n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It inhibits the micturition reflex.

B It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

C It inhibits urine production.

D It compresses the urethra.

E It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Androgens

B GnRH

C Progesterone

D Estradiol and progesterone

E Estradiol

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A pampiniform plexus

B perineum

C cremaster

D corpus spongiosum

E corpus cavernosum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Uterus

B Uterine tube

C Urethra

D Ovary

E Urinary bladder

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A loops of Henle

B collecting ducts

C distal convoluted tubules

D glomeruli

E proximal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple cuboidal epithelium

B Stratified squamous epithelium

C Simple columnar epithelium

D Transitional epithelium

E Simple squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A central; peripheral

B parasympathetic; sympathetic

C peripheral; central

D enteric; somatic

E sympathetic; parasympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Libido

B Sperm production

C Development of secondary sex characteristics

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

E Development of secondary sex organs

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; FSH and LH

B corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

C corpus albicans; progesterone

D corpus luteum; FSH and LH

E corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urinary bladder

B ureter

C urethra

D kidney

E liver

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents heat loss from the testes.

B It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

C It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

D It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

E It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A seminiferous tubules

B rete testis

C epididymis

D ductus (vas) deferens

E spermatic cord

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 10 mm Hg out

B 50 mm Hg out

C 30 mm Hg out

D 20 mm Hg out

E 40 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A secreting renin

B secreting erythropoietin

C contributing to calcium homeostasis

D producing uric acid

E deaminating amino acids

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

B They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

C They help control blood pressure.

D They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

E They release waste into the bloodstream.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A epididymis

B corpus spongiosum

C scrotum

D ductus (vas) deferens

E corpus cavernosum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

B Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

C Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

D Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

E Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

B one pyramid and the overlying cortex

C a renal medulla and two renal columns

D one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

E two calyces and a renal pelvis

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Cervix

B Myometrium

C Perimetrium

D Fimbrium

E Endometrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A heart

B spleen

C liver

D lungs

E kidneys

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During embryonic development

B At birth

C During thelarche

D During menarche

E During pubarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the myogenic mechanism

B tubuloglomerular feedback

C the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

D sympathetic control

E renal autoregulation

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The granulosa cells

B The corpus luteum

C The theca interna

D The corona radiata

E The corpus albicans

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A body’s pH is low

B person is lost and deprived of drinking water

C output of natriuretic peptides is high

D output of antidiuretic hormone is high

E body’s water volume is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A internal urethral sphincter

B prostatic urethra

C spongy urethra

D membranous urethra

E external urethral orifice

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