Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They protect and support the germ cells.

B They secrete androgen-binding protein.

C Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

D They secrete testosterone.

E They secrete inhibin.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A corpus spongiosum

B corpus cavernosum

C distractor

D pubococcygeus

E detrusor

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the placenta

B Epithelium of the endometrium

C Medulla of the ovary

D Cortex of the ovary

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A proximal convoluted tubule

B descending limb of the nephron loop

C medullary portion of the collecting duct

D distal convoluted tubule

E glomerulus

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A seminal vesicle

B bulbourethral gland

C ejaculatory duct

D prostate

E corpus cavernosum

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A secretion of renin

B vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

C secretion of parathyroid hormone

D a decrease in aldosterone production

E an increase in blood urea nitrogen

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A labia minora

B mons pubis

C vagina

D urethra

E clitoris

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the stickiness of the semen

B dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

C penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

D penetrate the vagina

E dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A hilum

B fibrous capsule

C renal medulla

D renal fascia

E perirenal fat capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A epididymis

B blood-testis barrier

C scrotal portal system

D rete testis

E pampiniform plexus of veins

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

C Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

C Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine salinity

B Increased urine volume

C Decreased urine molarity

D Increased urine acidity

E Decreased urine volume

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A peritubular capillaries

B glomerulus

C medulla

D vasa recta

E cortical radiate veins

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal tubule

B renal column

C renal capsule

D renal corpuscle

E renal calyx

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

B The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

C The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

D The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

E The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

B Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

C A drop in oncotic pressure

D An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

E Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A ejaculatory duct

B prostate

C bulbourethral gland

D seminal vesicle

E urethra

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The presence of testes

B The enlargement of the breasts

C The prostate

D The vagina

E The uterus

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

B four haploid (n) cells

C two haploid (n) cells

D two diploid (2n) cells

E four diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

B It compresses the urethra.

C It inhibits the micturition reflex.

D It inhibits urine production.

E It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A GnRH

B Estradiol

C Progesterone

D Androgens

E Estradiol and progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A perineum

B pampiniform plexus

C corpus spongiosum

D corpus cavernosum

E cremaster

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urethra

B Uterine tube

C Urinary bladder

D Uterus

E Ovary

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A distal convoluted tubules

B collecting ducts

C proximal convoluted tubules

D loops of Henle

E glomeruli

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Transitional epithelium

B Simple cuboidal epithelium

C Simple columnar epithelium

D Simple squamous epithelium

E Stratified squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A central; peripheral

B sympathetic; parasympathetic

C peripheral; central

D enteric; somatic

E parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Development of secondary sex organs

B Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

C Sperm production

D Libido

E Development of secondary sex characteristics

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; progesterone

B corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

C corpus albicans; FSH and LH

D corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

E corpus luteum; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urinary bladder

B ureter

C liver

D kidney

E urethra

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

B It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

C It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

D It prevents heat loss from the testes.

E It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A ductus (vas) deferens

B spermatic cord

C epididymis

D seminiferous tubules

E rete testis

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 40 mm Hg out

B 50 mm Hg out

C 30 mm Hg out

D 10 mm Hg out

E 20 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A deaminating amino acids

B secreting erythropoietin

C contributing to calcium homeostasis

D secreting renin

E producing uric acid

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

B They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

C They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

D They help control blood pressure.

E They release waste into the bloodstream.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A corpus cavernosum

B scrotum

C epididymis

D ductus (vas) deferens

E corpus spongiosum

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

B Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

C Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

D Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

E Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

B two calyces and a renal pelvis

C one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

D a renal medulla and two renal columns

E one pyramid and the overlying cortex

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Endometrium

B Fimbrium

C Perimetrium

D Myometrium

E Cervix

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A liver

B lungs

C heart

D kidneys

E spleen

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During pubarche

B During menarche

C At birth

D During embryonic development

E During thelarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A sympathetic control

B renal autoregulation

C the myogenic mechanism

D the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

E tubuloglomerular feedback

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus albicans

B The theca interna

C The granulosa cells

D The corpus luteum

E The corona radiata

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A body’s water volume is high

B output of natriuretic peptides is high

C output of antidiuretic hormone is high

D person is lost and deprived of drinking water

E body’s pH is low

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A internal urethral sphincter

B membranous urethra

C spongy urethra

D external urethral orifice

E prostatic urethra

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