Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They protect and support the germ cells.

B Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

C They secrete inhibin.

D They secrete testosterone.

E They secrete androgen-binding protein.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A corpus cavernosum

B detrusor

C pubococcygeus

D distractor

E corpus spongiosum

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Cortex of the ovary

B Medulla of the ovary

C Epithelium of the endometrium

D Epithelium of the placenta

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A descending limb of the nephron loop

B proximal convoluted tubule

C glomerulus

D distal convoluted tubule

E medullary portion of the collecting duct

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A bulbourethral gland

B seminal vesicle

C ejaculatory duct

D prostate

E corpus cavernosum

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A secretion of parathyroid hormone

B vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

C a decrease in aldosterone production

D secretion of renin

E an increase in blood urea nitrogen

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A urethra

B labia minora

C mons pubis

D clitoris

E vagina

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

B dissolve the stickiness of the semen

C dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

D penetrate the vagina

E penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A hilum

B perirenal fat capsule

C renal fascia

D renal medulla

E fibrous capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A scrotal portal system

B blood-testis barrier

C pampiniform plexus of veins

D epididymis

E rete testis

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

B Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine volume

B Increased urine acidity

C Increased urine salinity

D Decreased urine molarity

E Decreased urine volume

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A glomerulus

B cortical radiate veins

C peritubular capillaries

D medulla

E vasa recta

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal capsule

B renal corpuscle

C renal tubule

D renal calyx

E renal column

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

B The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

C The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

D The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

E The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A A drop in oncotic pressure

B Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

C Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

D Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

E An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A ejaculatory duct

B bulbourethral gland

C seminal vesicle

D urethra

E prostate

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The presence of testes

B The vagina

C The prostate

D The uterus

E The enlargement of the breasts

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

B four haploid (n) cells

C two haploid (n) cells

D two diploid (2n) cells

E four diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It compresses the urethra.

B It inhibits urine production.

C It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

D It inhibits the micturition reflex.

E It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Estradiol

B Estradiol and progesterone

C Androgens

D Progesterone

E GnRH

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A pampiniform plexus

B corpus cavernosum

C perineum

D corpus spongiosum

E cremaster

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Urinary bladder

B Uterine tube

C Ovary

D Urethra

E Uterus

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A loops of Henle

B glomeruli

C distal convoluted tubules

D collecting ducts

E proximal convoluted tubules

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Transitional epithelium

B Simple cuboidal epithelium

C Stratified squamous epithelium

D Simple columnar epithelium

E Simple squamous epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A central; peripheral

B parasympathetic; sympathetic

C enteric; somatic

D sympathetic; parasympathetic

E peripheral; central

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

B Development of secondary sex organs

C Sperm production

D Development of secondary sex characteristics

E Libido

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; progesterone

B corpus albicans; FSH and LH

C corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

D corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

E corpus luteum; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A ureter

B urethra

C liver

D urinary bladder

E kidney

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

B It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

C It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

D It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

E It prevents heat loss from the testes.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A epididymis

B ductus (vas) deferens

C seminiferous tubules

D rete testis

E spermatic cord

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 10 mm Hg out

B 50 mm Hg out

C 40 mm Hg out

D 20 mm Hg out

E 30 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A secreting erythropoietin

B deaminating amino acids

C contributing to calcium homeostasis

D secreting renin

E producing uric acid

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

B They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

C They help control blood pressure.

D They release waste into the bloodstream.

E They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A corpus spongiosum

B ductus (vas) deferens

C corpus cavernosum

D scrotum

E epididymis

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

B Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

C Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

D Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

E Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

B two calyces and a renal pelvis

C one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

D one pyramid and the overlying cortex

E a renal medulla and two renal columns

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Perimetrium

B Endometrium

C Cervix

D Myometrium

E Fimbrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A liver

B kidneys

C lungs

D spleen

E heart

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During pubarche

B During menarche

C During embryonic development

D During thelarche

E At birth

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A renal autoregulation

B tubuloglomerular feedback

C the myogenic mechanism

D the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

E sympathetic control

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The granulosa cells

B The corona radiata

C The corpus luteum

D The corpus albicans

E The theca interna

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of antidiuretic hormone is high

B body’s pH is low

C person is lost and deprived of drinking water

D body’s water volume is high

E output of natriuretic peptides is high

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A spongy urethra

B prostatic urethra

C membranous urethra

D external urethral orifice

E internal urethral sphincter

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