Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete inhibin.

B They secrete testosterone.

C Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

D They secrete androgen-binding protein.

E They protect and support the germ cells.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A corpus spongiosum

B pubococcygeus

C distractor

D detrusor

E corpus cavernosum

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Epithelium of the placenta

B Medulla of the ovary

C Cortex of the ovary

D Epithelium of the endometrium

E Center of the ovum

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A glomerulus

B proximal convoluted tubule

C medullary portion of the collecting duct

D distal convoluted tubule

E descending limb of the nephron loop

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A ejaculatory duct

B seminal vesicle

C prostate

D bulbourethral gland

E corpus cavernosum

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A secretion of renin

B vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

C an increase in blood urea nitrogen

D a decrease in aldosterone production

E secretion of parathyroid hormone

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A urethra

B clitoris

C vagina

D labia minora

E mons pubis

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

B penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

C penetrate the vagina

D dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

E dissolve the stickiness of the semen

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A hilum

B fibrous capsule

C renal fascia

D perirenal fat capsule

E renal medulla

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A epididymis

B pampiniform plexus of veins

C rete testis

D scrotal portal system

E blood-testis barrier

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

B Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

C Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

C Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

D Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

E Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine salinity

B Decreased urine molarity

C Increased urine acidity

D Increased urine volume

E Decreased urine volume

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A peritubular capillaries

B vasa recta

C medulla

D glomerulus

E cortical radiate veins

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal calyx

B renal tubule

C renal corpuscle

D renal column

E renal capsule

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

B The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

C The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

D The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

E The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A A drop in oncotic pressure

B Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

C Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

D An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

E Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A ejaculatory duct

B bulbourethral gland

C prostate

D seminal vesicle

E urethra

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The vagina

B The presence of testes

C The enlargement of the breasts

D The prostate

E The uterus

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A two haploid (n) cells

B two diploid (2n) cells

C four diploid (2n) cells

D four haploid (n) cells

E haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It compresses the urethra.

B It inhibits urine production.

C It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

D It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

E It inhibits the micturition reflex.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A Progesterone

B Estradiol and progesterone

C GnRH

D Estradiol

E Androgens

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A pampiniform plexus

B perineum

C corpus cavernosum

D corpus spongiosum

E cremaster

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Uterine tube

B Uterus

C Urethra

D Urinary bladder

E Ovary

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A distal convoluted tubules

B proximal convoluted tubules

C collecting ducts

D glomeruli

E loops of Henle

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Simple columnar epithelium

B Simple cuboidal epithelium

C Simple squamous epithelium

D Stratified squamous epithelium

E Transitional epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A central; peripheral

B sympathetic; parasympathetic

C enteric; somatic

D peripheral; central

E parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Sperm production

B Libido

C Development of secondary sex characteristics

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

E Development of secondary sex organs

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus luteum; FSH and LH

B corpus albicans; FSH and LH

C corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

D corpus albicans; progesterone

E corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A urinary bladder

B ureter

C kidney

D urethra

E liver

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

B It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

C It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

D It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

E It prevents heat loss from the testes.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A seminiferous tubules

B spermatic cord

C ductus (vas) deferens

D epididymis

E rete testis

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 30 mm Hg out

B 10 mm Hg out

C 20 mm Hg out

D 50 mm Hg out

E 40 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A deaminating amino acids

B producing uric acid

C secreting erythropoietin

D secreting renin

E contributing to calcium homeostasis

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They release waste into the bloodstream.

B They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

C They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

D They help control blood pressure.

E They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A corpus spongiosum

B ductus (vas) deferens

C corpus cavernosum

D scrotum

E epididymis

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

B Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

C Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

D Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

E Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A two calyces and a renal pelvis

B one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

C one pyramid and the overlying cortex

D one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

E a renal medulla and two renal columns

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Myometrium

B Endometrium

C Cervix

D Perimetrium

E Fimbrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A liver

B lungs

C spleen

D heart

E kidneys

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During embryonic development

B During thelarche

C During menarche

D At birth

E During pubarche

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

B sympathetic control

C the myogenic mechanism

D renal autoregulation

E tubuloglomerular feedback

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corona radiata

B The corpus albicans

C The theca interna

D The granulosa cells

E The corpus luteum

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A output of antidiuretic hormone is high

B body’s pH is low

C output of natriuretic peptides is high

D body’s water volume is high

E person is lost and deprived of drinking water

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A internal urethral sphincter

B prostatic urethra

C membranous urethra

D spongy urethra

E external urethral orifice

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