Lecture Exam 4

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Question #1

Which of the following is not a function of the nurse cells?

A They secrete androgen-binding protein.

B They protect and support the germ cells.

C Their tight junctions form the blood-testis barrier.

D They secrete testosterone.

E They secrete inhibin.

Question #2

Sexual reproduction entails the union of two gonads to form a zygote

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #3

The ________ muscle is located in the urinary bladder.

A pubococcygeus

B corpus cavernosum

C distractor

D corpus spongiosum

E detrusor

Question #4

Where are follicles located?

A Center of the ovum

B Cortex of the ovary

C Epithelium of the endometrium

D Medulla of the ovary

E Epithelium of the placenta

Question #5

Aldosterone acts on the ________.

A medullary portion of the collecting duct

B descending limb of the nephron loop

C glomerulus

D distal convoluted tubule

E proximal convoluted tubule

Question #6

Oxytocin stimulates contraction of myoepithelial cell of the mammary acini.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #7

Men have only one ________.

A bulbourethral gland

B ejaculatory duct

C prostate

D corpus cavernosum

E seminal vesicle

Question #8

Hypocalcemia stimulates ________.

A vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles

B a decrease in aldosterone production

C an increase in blood urea nitrogen

D secretion of parathyroid hormone

E secretion of renin

Question #9

The penis is homologous to the ________.

A mons pubis

B vagina

C clitoris

D labia minora

E urethra

Question #10

The acrosome contains enzymes used to ________.

A dissolve the stickiness of the semen

B dissolve the mucosa of the vagina

C penetrate the vagina

D penetrate barriers surrounding the ovum

E dissolve the mucosa of the uterus

Question #11

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the ________.

A renal fascia

B renal medulla

C hilum

D perirenal fat capsule

E fibrous capsule

Question #12

The countercurrent heat exchanger that prevents arterial blood from overheating the testes is the ________.

A rete testis

B scrotal portal system

C pampiniform plexus of veins

D blood-testis barrier

E epididymis

Question #13

Males produce sperm and females produce eggs.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm cells from their formation to ejaculation?

A Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra, ductus deferens

B Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, urethra

C Seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

D Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, urethra, ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens

E Seminiferous tubule, epididymis, rete testis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

Question #15

________ stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete ________.

A Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); LH

B Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

C Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen

D Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP)

E Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone

Question #16

Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormone?

A Increased urine volume

B Increased urine acidity

C Increased urine salinity

D Decreased urine molarity

E Decreased urine volume

Question #17

The transition from an afferent arteriole to an efferent arteriole occurs in the ________.

A peritubular capillaries

B cortical radiate veins

C medulla

D vasa recta

E glomerulus

Question #18

At early puberty, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate enlargement of the testes.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #19

Blood plasma is filtered in the ________.

A renal capsule

B renal tubule

C renal calyx

D renal corpuscle

E renal column

Question #20

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

A The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

B The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

C The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

D The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

E The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

Question #21

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

A An increase in osmotic pressure in the glomerular capsule

B Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole

C A drop in oncotic pressure

D Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole

E Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole

Question #22

The ________ is the small, bilateral organ found lateral to the membranous urethra.

A urethra

B ejaculatory duct

C bulbourethral gland

D prostate

E seminal vesicle

Question #23

Which of the following is generally accepted as a secondary sex characteristic?

A The presence of testes

B The uterus

C The prostate

D The enlargement of the breasts

E The vagina

Question #24

In meiosis, each parent cell produces ________.

A two haploid (n) cells

B four haploid (n) cells

C haploid (n) cells that are identical to the parent cell

D two diploid (2n) cells

E four diploid (2n) cells

Question #25

Why would an enlarged prostate interfere with urination?

A It inhibits the micturition reflex.

B It inhibits urine production.

C It compresses the urethra.

D It develops calcified deposits that block the urethra.

E It produces thicker prostatic secretions that block the urethra.

Question #26

What hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of FSH and LH during the female sexual cycle?

A GnRH

B Estradiol and progesterone

C Androgens

D Estradiol

E Progesterone

Question #27

When it is cold, the ________ contracts and draws the testes closer to the body to keep them warm.

A pampiniform plexus

B corpus cavernosum

C corpus spongiosum

D cremaster

E perineum

Question #28

In which structure does fertilization usually occur?

A Uterine tube

B Uterus

C Urinary bladder

D Ovary

E Urethra

Question #29

Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the ________ of one’s nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one’s daily resting ATP and caloric consumption.

A proximal convoluted tubules

B loops of Henle

C distal convoluted tubules

D collecting ducts

E glomeruli

Question #30

After puberty, which epithelium lines the vagina?

A Stratified squamous epithelium

B Simple cuboidal epithelium

C Transitional epithelium

D Simple squamous epithelium

E Simple columnar epithelium

Question #31

The ________ innervation of the kidneys reduces urine production, while the function of its ________ innervation is unknown.

A enteric; somatic

B central; peripheral

C peripheral; central

D parasympathetic; sympathetic

E sympathetic; parasympathetic

Question #32

Which of the following is inhibited by testosterone?

A Sperm production

B Development of secondary sex characteristics

C Development of secondary sex organs

D Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion

E Libido

Question #33

In ovulation, after expelling the oocyte the follicle becomes a ________ and secretes ________.

A corpus albicans; estrogen and progesterone

B corpus luteum; FSH and LH

C corpus luteum; estrogen and progesterone

D corpus albicans; progesterone

E corpus albicans; FSH and LH

Question #34

The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

A ureter

B urinary bladder

C kidney

D liver

E urethra

Question #35

Which of the following is true regarding the blood-testis barrier?

A It prevents antibodies in the blood from getting to the germ cells.

B It maintains testis temperature at 35°C.

C It prevents heat loss from the testes.

D It maintains testis temperature at 37°C.

E It prevents blood from getting to the testes.

Question #36

The ________ is the site of sperm maturation and storage.

A epididymis

B rete testis

C seminiferous tubules

D ductus (vas) deferens

E spermatic cord

Question #37

Assuming all other values are normal, calculate the net filtration pressure in a patient with a drop in capsular hydrostatic pressure to 8 mmHg.

A 30 mm Hg out

B 50 mm Hg out

C 10 mm Hg out

D 20 mm Hg out

E 40 mm Hg out

Question #38

In life threatening starvation, the kidneys synthesize glucose by ________.

A producing uric acid

B secreting erythropoietin

C secreting renin

D deaminating amino acids

E contributing to calcium homeostasis

Question #39

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

A They help control blood pressure.

B They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.

C They release waste into the bloodstream.

D They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.

E They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.

Question #40

The deep region of the penis, surrounding the urethra, that engorges with blood during an erection is known as the ________.

A ductus (vas) deferens

B scrotum

C corpus spongiosum

D corpus cavernosum

E epididymis

Question #41

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

A Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

B Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

C Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

D Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

E Segmental a. → interlobar a. →arcuate a. → interlobular a.

Question #42

A single lobe of a kidney is comprised of ________.

A one collecting duct and all nephrons that drain into it

B two calyces and a renal pelvis

C a renal medulla and two renal columns

D one pyramid and the overlying cortex

E one major calyx and all of its minor calyces

Question #43

Which uterine layer is composed of a simple columnar epithelium containing tubular glands?

A Myometrium

B Cervix

C Perimetrium

D Fimbrium

E Endometrium

Question #44

Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen, which is released from the ________, to form angiotensin I.

A heart

B lungs

C liver

D kidneys

E spleen

Question #45

When does oogenesis begin?

A During thelarche

B During menarche

C During pubarche

D At birth

E During embryonic development

Question #46

Sperm travels to the ampulla of the ductus deferens before reaching the spermatic cord.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #47

The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as ________.

A sympathetic control

B renal autoregulation

C the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

D the myogenic mechanism

E tubuloglomerular feedback

Question #48

What do lutein cells develop from?

A The corpus luteum

B The corona radiata

C The theca interna

D The corpus albicans

E The granulosa cells

Question #49

The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the ________.

A person is lost and deprived of drinking water

B output of antidiuretic hormone is high

C output of natriuretic peptides is high

D body’s water volume is high

E body’s pH is low

Question #50

The ________ is not a portion of the urethra.

A external urethral orifice

B prostatic urethra

C membranous urethra

D internal urethral sphincter

E spongy urethra

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