Exam 2

A  coerced-in

B  blood-in

C  blessed-in

D  jumped-it

A  labeling theory

B  cultural deviance theory

C  conflict theory

D  social control theory

A  deal cocaine out of cramped “rock houses

B  recruit female

C  steal bicycles

D  steal guns from stores

A  Strengthening Families Program

B  Multisystemic Therapy

C  Functional Family Therapy

D  Adolescent Transitions Program

A  social disorganization

B  stress relief

C  social control

D  addictive personality

A  mental health and substance abuse problems

B  stable family life

C  stories of victimization

D  school failure

A  High school girls are obsessed with achievement.

B  High school girls are obsessed with popularity based on external characteristics.

C  High school girls are obsessed with physical appearance.

D  High school girls have intense mother-daughter patterns of communication.

A  inappropriate touching, pushing, and hitting by staff

B  placement in isolation for trivial reasons

C  strip-searched in the presence of male officers

D  withholding of food

A  dislike of school

B  academic incompetence

C  rejection of school’s authority

D  poor parental performance

A  provide youth with adequate supervision and support

B  aim to fix the psychological issues contributing to delinquency.

C  address key areas of risk in youth’s lives

D  offer youth a long-term stay in the community

A  take control of others by making them pay

B  leave the home environment

C  increase their livelihood

D  reduce the shame

A  commission type

B  influential type

C  horizontal type

D  vertical type

A  They show conspicuous differences in their male and female behaviors (gender role behavior).

B  They are more likely to be sexually abused.

C  They do not reveal differences in the adjustment and development.

D  They are more likely to be gay than children with heterosexual parents.

A  On streets, girls get involved in criminal activities that exploit their sexuality.

B  Victimizers utilize official agencies to keep victims vulnerable.

C  Girls involved in criminal activity are rarely the victims of sexual abuse.

D  As girls run away from home, they become involved in various forms of crime.

A  culture theory

B  blocked opportunity theory

C  drift theory

D  labeling theory

A  excitement

B  monetary profits from drugs

C  enhanced prestige or status

D  opportunities to engage in political and social activism

A  injected

B  absorbed

C  inhaled

D  ingested

A  social control theory

B  strain theory

C  radical theory

D  cultural deviance theory

A  Project Alert

B  Life Skills Training

C  Project Toward No Drug Abuse

D  the war on drugs

A  high-risk juveniles who commit property crimes.

B  low-risk juveniles who have not committed crime

C  high-risk juveniles who commit violent acts.

D  high-risk juveniles who have not committed crime

A  social disorganization theory

B  underclass theory

C  strain theory

D  subcultural affiliation

A  There is hardly any relationship between neglect and abuse.

B  Those abused in childhood will turn away from child abuse.

C  Most child abusers were brought up in a disciplined family environment.

D  Those abused in childhood will turn abusers.

A  role expectations and sanctions

B  leadership

C  gang intimidation

D  gang migration

A  Girls exhibit overaggression, whereas boys exhibit relational aggression.

B  Girls focus on independence and autonomy, whereas boys focus on connectedness and interdependence.

C  Girls develop their identity in relation to the world, whereas boys develop their identity in relation to other people.

D  Girls resolve conflict based on relationships, whereas boys resolve conflict based on rules.

A  Project Northland

B  Yale Child Welfare Project

C  the Step Up Program

D  Outward Bound

A  Good teaching is one of the first lines of defense against misbehavior.

B  Tracking systems should be used when and where possible.

C  Schools must stick to fixed hour schedules.

D  Education must be oriented toward the entire group rather than an individual.

A  living in an affluent neighborhood

B  academic failure

C  poor family management practices

D  perinatal difficulties

A  Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies (PATHS)

B  Project toward No Drug Abuse (Project TND)

C  Life Skills Training (LST)

D  Multisystemic Therapy (MST)

A  differential association theory

B  interactionist theory

C  labeling theory

D  power-control theory

A  oppressiveness

B  submissiveness

C  parental attachment

D  delinquency

A  Functional Family Therapy (FFT)

B  Chicago Area Project

C  Life Skills Training (LST)

D  Positive Youth Development

A  strain theory

B  conflict theory

C  labeling theory

D  cultural deviance theory

A  finding places to train parents

B  the recruitment and retention of parents

C  cost of implementation

D  recruiting volunteers to train parents

A  social disorganization theory

B  social development model

C  addictive personality theory

D  stress relief theory

A  brother

B  mother

C  father/stepfather

D  sister

A  children reported to be victims of sexual abuse

B  children with allegations of multiple types of maltreatment

C  children with a disciplined family background

D  children who were reported by educational personnel

A  violence

B  gangs

C  truancy

D  substance abuse

A  Female gang members never participate in violent crimes.

B  Girls receive no emotional fulfillment from their involvement in gang activity.

C  Female gangs are generally not violent in nature.

D  Female gang members are not involved in the planning of gang activities.

A  commit crimes to maintain their drug supply

B  cause injury to themselves to steal drugs from medical facilities

C  raid their parent’s drug supplies

D  reach a turning point and stop using drugs

A  high-risk behaviors are independent, so prevention programs should have narrow and specific goals.

B  the timing of interventions is critical in achieving a successful outcome

C  each community requires a package of services that involve community-wide planning

D  no one solution exists to the delinquency prevention problem

A  relations with parents and problems associated with heterosexual behavior

B  personality variables, relations with spouses, and unlimited opportunities

C  personality variables and problems associated with homosexual behavior

D  impact of racism, sexism, poverty, and limited opportunity structures

A  War on drugs

B  Drug courts

C  Harm reduction

D  Prevention programs

A  There is sufficient evidence to support the allegation of maltreatment.

B  Maltreatment or the risk of maltreatment appears to be present.

C  Parents should be prosecuted in criminal court.

D  There is insufficient evidence to support maltreatment.

A  African American

B  Asian

C  White

D  Hispanic

A  juveniles independent of gang affiliations

B  adult gang members

C  adult suppliers independent of gang affiliations

D  juvenile male gang members

A  School authorities do not have the right to deny free speech unless it interferes with school operations.

B  Students could not be compelled to salute the flag if it violates their religious rights.

C  A student’s right to style his or her hair is protected under the right to privacy.

D  Due process requires a student to receive notice and opportunity for a hearing.

A  Marijuana

B  Heroin

C  Crank

D  Ecstasy

A  migration

B  shifting

C  transporting

D  moving

A  matriarchal family relations

B  intellectual accomplishments

C  late pubertal maturation

D  attention deficit disorder

A  monitoring, accountability, and assessment

B  parent/community involvement

C  curriculum independent of learning expectations

D  supportive, personalized, and relevant learning

A  training schools

B  juvenile aftercare

C  tertiary prevention programs

D  violence prevention programs

A  Gang delinquency represents a subcultural and collective solution to the problem faced by lower-class boys.

B  Joining a gang is part of the experience male adolescents need to grow up to adulthood.

C  Violent delinquent gangs arise out of conditions that encourage the development of a sociopathic personality in adolescents.

D  Lower-class boys interact with and gain support from other alienated individuals.

A  regulars

B  associates

C  veterans

D  peripherals

A  Broken homes and abusive parents

B  Gang involvement and gun ownership

C  Low SES and abusive parents

D  Substance abuse and history of violence

A  “Interventions are not one-time efforts.”

B  “One size fits all.”

C  “The earlier the intervention, the better.”

D  “Surveillance is a double-edged sword.”

A  power-control theory

B  feminist theory of delinquency

C  social learning theory

D  interactionist theory of delinquency

A  status deprivation

B  inadequate parents

C  lenient rules

D  incompetent teachers

A  amphetamines

B  cocaine

C  heroin

D  methamphetamines