Examination 1

A  a positive sanction

B  alienation

C  dysfunctional

D  validity

A  institutionalization

B  social dysfunction

C  culture shock

D  conflict

A  false consciousness

B  cultural pluralism

C  anomie

D  role conflict

A  people’s ideas about what is good or bad, right or wrong

B  conceptions that people have about what is true in the world

C  rules of conduct that guide people’s behavior

D  those things that have been shown by science to be true in the world

A  multiculturalism

B  a self-fulfilling prophecy

C  cultural imperialism

D  material culture

A  material and nonmaterial culture

B  real and ideal culture

C  formal and informal sanctions

D  taboos and mores

A  Our perceptions of the world shape the kind of language that we speak

B  Language reflects the world in which we live

C  Language is a passive and neutral means of communicating what we perceive in the world

D  The language we speak shapes how we think about and perceive the world

A  latent solidarity

B  organic solidarity

C  mechanical solidarity

D  social control

A  confirm our common sense assumptions

B  assume that common sense assumptions are wrong and not study them

C  directly contradict our common sense assumptions

D  find that the truth is more complicated than our common sense would suggest

A  “Survival of the fittest.”

B  “All parts work together to promote the stability of the whole.”

C  “The history of all the hitherto existing societies is the history of class struggle.”

D  All of these reflect the functionalist view

E  “Life is crude, brutish and short and the state of nature is a struggle of all against all.”

A  the hidden curriculum

B  the looking-glass self

C  moral reasoning

D  anticipatory socialization

E  the sociological imagination

A  an object that belongs to an entire group

B  a pattern or institution found in all societies

C  the ideas, attitudes and beliefs of a particular society

D  a written document outlining appropriate behavior

A  a feminist

B  a functionalist

C  a conflict theorist

D  a symbolic interactionist

A  the bourgeoisie struggling for the allocation of resources amongst themselves

B  the working class proletariat taking the means of production from the wealthy bourgeoisie

C  the proletariat fighting each other for a position within the bourgeoisie

D  the enslaved bourgeoisie reclaiming power from the controlling proletariat

A  hypothesis

B  constant

C  dependent variable

D  independent variable

A  An experiment

B  Secondary data analysis

C  A survey

D  Field research

A  argued that societies were inherently unstable due to conflict between groups over resources

B  used an experiment to demonstrate that automobiles with certain political bumper stickers were more likely to be stopped by police

C  used archival material to study suicide rates

D  used social research to demonstrate that segregation was harmful to young black schoolchildren

A  They are both micro-level.

B  Micro-level; macro-level

C  Macro-level; micro-level

D  They are both macro-level.

A  the act of defying social norms in favor of group unity

B  the strength of ties that people have to their social groups–a key factor in social life

C  where the individual is isolated from his or her society, work, or sense of self

D  feeling victimized by social forces which exist outside the individual

A  animals were first domesticated as a resource for survival

B  societies began to form where rainfall was plentiful; groups were able to grow flowers            instead of living nomadic lifestyles

C  tribes became nomadic, traveling to various locations in search of sustenance

D  cities and towns were established, and humans had more time for leisure activities

A  latent function

B  latent dysfunction

C  formal sanction

D  manifest function

A  cultural relativism.

B  role conflict.

C  culture shock.

D  an ascribed status.

A  labeling

B  the looking-glass self

C  feminist sociology

D  disengagement theory

A  more

B  folkway

C  value

D  norm

E  social institution

A  how social life is “constructed” through everyday acts of social communication

B  structured inequalities in society

C  broad social structures (institutions) and how they interact with each other

D  conflicts between “workers” and “owners”

A  historical and biographical analysis

B  common sense

C  the sociological imagination

D  reinforcement theory

A  a symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted

B  the exchange of gestures and signals for the purpose of reaching agreement about something

C  gestures, signs, and objects that help people understand the world

D  communication based on ideals, norms, and values

A  mores are legally acceptable to violate; folkways are not

B  there is no difference–mores are a kind of folkway

C  mores are based on norms; folkways are not

D  violating mores can have serious consequences if violated; violating folkways does not

A  are the same thing

B  could not exist together

C  could not exist without each other

D  are unrelated

A  interpretation

B  bias

C  validity

D  reliability

A  to maintain value neutrality

B  to guarantee the safety of their participants

C  to report findings accurately

D  to foster professionally responsible scholarship in sociology

E  to ensure the financial gain of the researchers

A  regressive Effect

B  authority effect

C  Thomas Theorem

D  Hawthorne effect

E  Heisenberg Principle

A  paper/pencil questionnaires

B  observation

C  experiment

D  unstructured interviews

A  discovery

B  conflict

C  diffusion

D  ethnocentrism

E  appropriation

A  Symbolic Interactionism

B  Conflict Theory

C  Figuration

D  Functionalism

A  a true statement.

B  philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them.

C  an attempt to different aspects of social relationships.explain large-scale relationships.

D  a testable proposition.

A  Karl Marx’s false consciousness.

B  Auguste Comte’s positivism.

C  W.E.B. Du Bois’ double consciousness.

D  C. Wright Mill’s sociological imagination.

A  theoretical examination of life’s origins.

B  quantitative analysis of social transgressions.

C  qualitative analysis of human phenomena.

D  systematic study of society and social interaction(s)..

A  cultural relativism

B  ethnocentrism

C  discrimination

D  stereotype

E  prejudice

A  racism

B  cultural relativism

C  ethnocentrism

D  a self-fulfilling prophecy