Midterm 1

A  biogenous and lithogenous

B  cosmogenous and hydrogenous

C  cosmogenous and lithogenous

D  lithogenous and hydrogenous

E  biogenous and hydrogenous

F  biogenous and cosmogenous

A  dinosaurs

B  microscopic organisms

C  land based plants

D  fish and amphibians

A  volcanic

B  lithogenous

C  hydrogenous

D  cosmogenous

A  the biogenous component tends to be overwhelmed by the amount of lithogenous material derived from the nearby continent

B  biogenous material dissolves faster than it accumulates

C  relatively few marine organisms live in the waters over the continental margins

D  very little sediment accumulates on continental margins

A  dilution

B  productivity

C  ecology

D  destruction

A  calcium carbonate; volcanic ash

B  silica; calcium carbonate

C  basalt; granite

D  silica; quartz

A  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

B  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is stable and can form sediments that last

C  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

D  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will form sediments that last

A  beach sand

B  diatom ooze

C  clays

D  wind-driven dust

E  volcanic particles

A  cosmogenous sediments

B  hydrogenous sediments

C  clay-sized particles

D  large particles

A  fabric

B  sorting

C  composition

D  texture

A  hydrothermal vents

B  a central rift valley

C  thick layers of sediment

D  basalt volcanism

A  formed at hot spots

B  parts of continents that broke off

C  volcanic in origin

D  parts of volcanic island arcs

A  continental shelfs

B  submarine canyons

C  abyssal plains

D  continental slopes

A  magnetometer

B  depth sounding

C  sonar waves

D  mapping with satellite

A  cartography

B  tomography

C  navigation

D  hydrology

E  bathymetry

A  a convergent boundary

B  a hot spot

C  a divergent boundary

D  a transform boundary

A  the mid-ocean ridge

B  transform faults

C  subduction zones

D  submarine canyons

A  lithosphere; asthenosphere

B  mantle; crust

C  asthenosphere; lithosphere

D  lithosphere; mesosphere

A  a snail crawls

B  a human can walk

C  a human can run

D  a human’s fingernail grows

A  at the bottom of the ocean

B  on the continents

C  at plate boundaries

D  in the middle of the plates

A  a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks

B  subduction

C  mass extinction of life-forms

D  sea floor spreading

A  divergent; oceanic; convergent

B  divergent; continental; convergent

C  convergent; oceanic; divergent

D  convergent; continental; divergent

A  hypotheses

B  theories

C  observations

D  guesses

A  theory formation

B  hypothesis

C  observation

D  testing

A  Pacific Ocean

B  Sahara Desert

C  Antarctica

D  Amazon Rainforest

A  Asthensophere

B  Lithosphere

C  Ionosphere

A  Ionosphere

B  Lithosphere

C  Asthensophere

A  Basalth

B  Dolomite

C  Granite

A  Coal

B  Granite

C  Iron

A  Granite

B  Basalth

C  Iron and Nickel

A  Outgassing

B  Density stratification

C  Radiometric dating

A  Density stratification

B  Outgassing

C  Innergassing

A  Radiometric dating

B  Outgassing

C  Density stratification

A  Basalth

B  Calcium carbonate

C  Granite

A  Lithosphere

B  Asthensophere

C  Pangea

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  2.5 billion years ago

B  200,000 years ago

C  4 billion years ago

A  200,000 years ago

B  4 billion years ago

C  4.5 billion years ago

A  2.5 billion years ago

B  200,000 years ago

C  4.5 billion years ago

A  4.5 billion years ago

B  4 billion years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE