Midterm 1

A  cosmogenous and hydrogenous

B  biogenous and lithogenous

C  biogenous and cosmogenous

D  lithogenous and hydrogenous

E  biogenous and hydrogenous

F  cosmogenous and lithogenous

A  dinosaurs

B  fish and amphibians

C  land based plants

D  microscopic organisms

A  volcanic

B  lithogenous

C  hydrogenous

D  cosmogenous

A  the biogenous component tends to be overwhelmed by the amount of lithogenous material derived from the nearby continent

B  relatively few marine organisms live in the waters over the continental margins

C  very little sediment accumulates on continental margins

D  biogenous material dissolves faster than it accumulates

A  destruction

B  ecology

C  productivity

D  dilution

A  silica; calcium carbonate

B  silica; quartz

C  basalt; granite

D  calcium carbonate; volcanic ash

A  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will form sediments that last

B  the ocean depth above which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

C  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is stable and can form sediments that last

D  the ocean depth below which calcium carbonate is unstable and will quickly dissolve

A  clays

B  diatom ooze

C  wind-driven dust

D  volcanic particles

E  beach sand

A  clay-sized particles

B  hydrogenous sediments

C  cosmogenous sediments

D  large particles

A  composition

B  sorting

C  texture

D  fabric

A  thick layers of sediment

B  basalt volcanism

C  a central rift valley

D  hydrothermal vents

A  parts of volcanic island arcs

B  formed at hot spots

C  volcanic in origin

D  parts of continents that broke off

A  abyssal plains

B  continental shelfs

C  continental slopes

D  submarine canyons

A  mapping with satellite

B  sonar waves

C  depth sounding

D  magnetometer

A  cartography

B  hydrology

C  bathymetry

D  navigation

E  tomography

A  a divergent boundary

B  a transform boundary

C  a convergent boundary

D  a hot spot

A  transform faults

B  submarine canyons

C  subduction zones

D  the mid-ocean ridge

A  lithosphere; mesosphere

B  asthenosphere; lithosphere

C  mantle; crust

D  lithosphere; asthenosphere

A  a snail crawls

B  a human’s fingernail grows

C  a human can walk

D  a human can run

A  in the middle of the plates

B  on the continents

C  at plate boundaries

D  at the bottom of the ocean

A  mass extinction of life-forms

B  subduction

C  sea floor spreading

D  a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks

A  divergent; oceanic; convergent

B  convergent; oceanic; divergent

C  divergent; continental; convergent

D  convergent; continental; divergent

A  theories

B  observations

C  guesses

D  hypotheses

A  testing

B  observation

C  theory formation

D  hypothesis

A  Pacific Ocean

B  Sahara Desert

C  Amazon Rainforest

D  Antarctica

A  Asthensophere

B  Ionosphere

C  Lithosphere

A  Ionosphere

B  Asthensophere

C  Lithosphere

A  Basalth

B  Dolomite

C  Granite

A  Iron

B  Coal

C  Granite

A  Basalth

B  Granite

C  Iron and Nickel

A  Density stratification

B  Radiometric dating

C  Outgassing

A  Density stratification

B  Innergassing

C  Outgassing

A  Density stratification

B  Radiometric dating

C  Outgassing

A  Calcium carbonate

B  Granite

C  Basalth

A  Lithosphere

B  Pangea

C  Asthensophere

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Neritic (coastal)

B  Pelagic (oceanic)

A  Pelagic (oceanic)

B  Neritic (coastal)

A  2.5 billion years ago

B  200,000 years ago

C  4 billion years ago

A  4.5 billion years ago

B  200,000 years ago

C  4 billion years ago

A  4.5 billion years ago

B  200,000 years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  4 billion years ago

B  4.5 billion years ago

C  2.5 billion years ago

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE