Exam 3

A  diet did not affect the mice’s epigenome

B  the mouse fed a methyl-rich diet was healthy and brown

C  the mouse fed a methyl-rich diet was obese and yellow

D  when methyl groups were attached to the Agouti gene, there was a higher incidence of obesity and diabetes

A  may be caused by diet or other lifestyle habits

B  can be genetically transmitted to offspring.

C  may include changes in the structures that surround the DNA

D  all of the above

A  that the environment is what creates criminal behavior

B  the relation between inherited traits and the effects of environments that individuals seek out

C  that the inherited trait of sensation seeking caused him to become a criminal

D  None of the above.

A  the proportion of genetic influences in trait that is due to total variance

B  the chance that genetic effects will replicate in an additional sample

C  the proportion of total variance in trait that is due to genetic influences

D  the chance that reliable genetic effects are statistically significant

A  1

B  0.5

C  0

D  0.25

A  perhaps the personality measures that are typically used in studies of behavioral genetics do not adequately capture the essence of personality as it emerges from family experiences

B  some behavioral genetic research shows that the shared family environment matters

C  research shows that environmental factors such as social class and styles of child rearing affect personality development

D  All of the above.

A  molecular geneticists identified the specific alleles associated with each of the Big Five personality traits

B  shared family environment actually has a larger effect on personality than does shared non-family environment (i.e., school)

C  shared environment was related to personality when personality was measured through direct behavioral observation

D  shared environment was related to personality when personality was measured through self-report data

A  The personality traits of MZ twins are correlated at .50 on average.

B  The personality traits of adoptive siblings raised in the same family are correlated above .25.

C  The personality traits of DZ twins are correlated at .30 on average.

D  The personality traits of adoptive siblings raised in the same family are correlated only at .05.

A  50; 100

B  100; 50

C  90; 10

D  50; 25

A  phenotype; genotype

B  phenotype; genogram

C  genetic map; genetic architecture

D  genotype; phenotype

A  genetic siblings; fraternal twins

B  adoptive siblings; genetic siblings

C  fraternal twins; identical twins

D  identical twins; fraternal twins

A  vary among groups of individuals; vary among individuals

B  are species-specific; are individual-specific

C  all humans share; differ from one individual to another

D  differ from one individual to another; all humans share

A  heritability science

B  evolutionary biology

C  behavioral genetics

D  behavioral Darwinism

A  the differences, if not understood, may cause misunderstandings

B  such differences tell us about variability in human experiences

C  cross-cultural research informs us about the generalizability of research findings

D  All of the above.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Evolutionary theorists assume that behavior patterns present today are essentially inevitable and unchangeable because they are rooted in our biology.

B  Evolutionary theorizing consists of after-the-fact speculations that can not be put to empirical test.

C  Evolutionary theorists assume that everybody wants many children when, in fact, many people limit their own reproduction.

D  All of the above.

A  behavioral patterns evolve as reactions to specific environmental experiences (and that if different individuals inhabit different environments, they will then exhibit different behavioral patterns).

B  some biologically-influenced behavior may be “frequency dependent” (only appearing in some subset of the population).

C  individuals differ in terms of the behavioral strategies that make the most sense, given their other characteristics.

D  All of the above.

A  Both he is not the biological father of the children that he is supporting, and his partner will form an emotional bond with another person

B  his partner will leave for another person

C  his partner will form an emotional bond with another person

A  men; women

B  introverts; extraverts

C  women; men

D  extraverts; introverts

A  mental health; not necessarily associated with mental health

B  mental health; associated with personality disorders

C  mental health; positively associated with cognitive ability

D  personality disorders; associated with mental health

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Both b and c are individualistic.

B  “Seven out of ten people prefer Coke!”

C  “Be yourself . . . Drink Coke!”

D  “Coke . . . It’s a tradition!”

A  tight; loose

B  emic; etic

C  individualistic; collectivist

D  complex; simple

A  an European American man

B  an African American women

C  a man from India

D  a women from Japan

A  collectivist; individualistic

B  simple; complex

C  tight; loose

D  tough; easy

A  people with an interdependent sense of self are more likely to gain self-esteem by maintaining harmony with others than by expressing their unique qualities

B  cultures that promote an independent self are typically structured around families

C  in cultures that promote an interdependent self, people tend to react positively to those who stand out

D  Japanese adults are more likely to have an independent self than American adults

A  Women finding high-status men attractive

B  Men’s greater sexual jealousy

C  Men placing more importance on looks than women do

D  Women’s attraction to dominant men

A  value the maintenance of group harmony over individual needs

B  give more answers that refer to group membership when asked “who are you?”

C  dislike drawing attention to themselves

D  emphasize egalitarian relationships

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  their behavior was the logical response to the situation

B  their behavior arises from a chronic pattern of activities

C  their behavior arises from who they are

D  their “positive” behaviors are always are a result of the situation

A  hostility

B  fear

C  anxiety

D  depression

A  are able to provide accurate self-reports; depends on

B  unable to provide accurate self-reports; depends on

C  are able to provide accurate self-reports; exists separately from

D  unable to provide accurate self-reports; exists separately from

A  the procedural self

B  the I

C  self-schema

D  self-esteem

A  men’s and women’s behavioral tendencies will probably never change

B  men’s and women’s behavioral tendencies will change over thousands of years, if at all

C  men’s and women’s behavioral tendencies will change relatively quickly (over hundreds of years)

D  men will primarily adopt child-rearing duties and women will primarily adopt the duties of rulers and warriors

A  FALSE

B  TRUE