Chapter 2

A  by decreasing political participation

B  by having fewer distinct groups in society

C  by limiting the sphere of government

D  by having a diversity of views

A  It creates an inability to experiment with different policy solutions.

B  Federal and state governments must share power.

C  It results in highly inefficient policies.

D  Policy development is universalistic.

A  It hinders policy development and leads to budgetary inefficiency.

B  It promotes the division of labor within government.

C  It discourages separatism and secession.

D  It maintains local forms of representative government.

A  It provides more opportunities for political participation.

B  It depends on state compliance.

C  It hinders policy development.

D  It limits oversight and accountability.

A  He received pressure from Congress.

B  He became a states’ rights advocate.

C  It was unconstitutional.

D  He received pressure from state and local governments.

A  the anti-Federalists

B  the Federalists

C  the Republican Party

D  the suffragists

A  He believed that state power should be secondary to that of the federal government.

B  He believed that a federal system should limit the scope of government in order to protect civil liberties.

C  He endorsed unfunded mandates.

D  He believed that the federal government should play a significant role in the regulation of industry and transportation.

A  They tend to create stricter boundaries between states, counties, and towns.

B  They create the potential for more government oversight and new regulations.

C  They lead to the creation of fewer government agencies.

D  They engender national disengagement from environmental protection efforts.

A  Before the FCC ruling, state legislatures had passed their own legislation forbidding internet service providers from discriminating across web services.

B  The Trump administration enforced a ruling that prohibited internet service providers from discriminating across websites and web services.

C  The FCC used its power to regulate interstate commerce, as granted under the Commerce Clause, to effectively end the policy of net neutrality.

D  The FCC sued states that allowed internet service providers to discriminate across websites and web services.

A  the Federal Aviation Administration

B  the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

C  the Department of Transportation

D  the Federal Communications Commission

A  coercive federalism

B  state sovereignty

C  dual federalism

D  unconstitutionality

A  State and local governments must request and approve emergency relief from the national government.

B  The national government must deem emergency relief politically necessary.

C  Public opinion must demand that leaders in Washington intervene.

D  State and local governments must have depleted all their own resources to provide emergency services themselves.

A  fewer government agencies

B  shifts in the balance of power toward the federal government

C  a shrinking of the executive branch

D  increased state power relative to the federal government

A  Theodore Roosevelt

B  Franklin Roosevelt

C  Harry Truman

D  Herbert Hoover

A  The states assumed greater responsibility over laws pertaining to civil liberties after the Civil War.

B  The philosophical debate between the states and the national government over economic freedom was resolved.

C  The national government assumed more power over significant governmental decisions and public policy after the Civil War.

D  The philosophical debate between the states and national government over equal rights was sorted out.

A  The backlash from the states in response to growing national power has been greatly reduced.

B  The debate over the balance of power between the federal and state governments has largely been resolved.

C  It is characterized by a power struggle that has overwhelmingly favored the states.

D  It is characterized by a struggle to balance power between the federal and state governments.

A  a steady increase in the power of the federal government

B  a commingling of national and state responsibilities

C  distinct policy jurisdictions between the federal and state governments

D  a steady increase in the power of state governments

A  Opponents of the law felt that the reforms wouldn’t fix any of the problems with the healthcare system in the United States.

B  Opponents of the law felt that the United States needed a nationwide single-payer healthcare system.

C  Opponents of the law felt that the federal government had overstepped its authority.

D  Opponents of the law felt that there was nothing wrong with the healthcare system in the United States.

A  It limited Medicaid coverage.

B  It excluded children under 26 from their parents’ health insurance plans.

C  It allowed insurance companies to discriminate against individuals with preexisting conditions.

D  It mandated that all citizens have medical insurance.

A  devolution

B  grants-in-aid

C  unfunded mandates

D  dual federalism

A  returning power to the states

B  maximizing the amount of unfunded mandates

C  increasing the size of the federal government

D  decreasing the federal deficit

A  an unfunded mandate

B  cooperative federalism

C  a block grant

D  dual federalism

A  through social programs aimed at increasing civil rights

B  through federal grants-in-aid

C  by limiting the reach of the Commerce Clause

D  by threatening to remove funding from programs

A  national defense

B  budgetary

C  voting rights

D  social

A  It resulted in a deepening of the Great Depression.

B  It successfully installed extra judges on the Supreme Court.

C  It lessened the power of the central government in relation to the power of the states.

D  It ushered in an era during which the powers of the federal government were protected by the Supreme Court.

A  constitutional authority

B  dual federalism

C  the Commerce Clause

D  states’ rights

A  a matter of national defense in the buildup to World War II

B  civil rights

C  expansion of executive power

D  economic and financial

A  creating federally funded public schools

B  creating new state and local programs

C  the use of grants-in-aid

D  hiring bureaucrats to take over state and local governments

A  the Commerce Clause

B  the Supremacy Clause

C  the Full Faith and Credit Clause

D  the Necessary and Proper Clause

A  pertaining mainly to commerce, defense, and international trade

B  unlimited by the Supreme Court

C  working together with the states

D  relatively high in comparison to the states

A  cooperative

B  marble cake

C  dual

D  coercive

A  Net neutrality

B  international trade

C  grants-in-aid

D  Commerce Clause

A  Washington state laws regulating controlled substances

B  international drug-trafficking laws

C  U.S. laws regulating controlled substances

D  Seattle municipal laws regulating transportation

A  The waterways are regulated by federal agencies.

B  The waterways are regulated by the Washington State Police.

C  The waterways are notorious areas of piracy and lawlessness.

D  The waterways are patrolled by anti-drug vigilantes.

A  state regulations that prohibit marijuana in the workplace

B  health recommendations issued by the American Medical Association

C  local laws that make marijuana illegal

D  federal laws that make marijuana illegal

A  executive authority

B  civil rights

C  federalism

D  judicial review Incorrect

A  Maryland’s tax was not found to be unconstitutional.

B  Taxes on all government-owned banks are unconstitutional.

C  State governments do not have power over the national government.

D  The tax would have bankrupted the national government.

A  A federal income tax is an unconstitutional exercise of congressional power.

B  High taxes are unconstitutional because they violate private-property rights.

C  Taxes tend to hurt the poor more than they hurt businesses or the wealthy.

D  A sufficiently high tax could ensure that no institution could survive.

A  Can a bank be owned by members of Congress?

B  Can a federal institution tax a state government?

C  Can a state tax a federal institution?

D  Can the federal government tax nonprofit organizations?

A  The Necessary and Proper Clause, in combination with the enumerated power of Congress to regulate commerce and coin money, gives Congress the implied power to charter a national bank.

B  The power to charter a bank is an implied power of the president.

C  The Supremacy Clause, in combination with the enumerated power of Congress to borrow money on the credit of the United States, gives Congress the implied power to establish banks in order to pay off war debts.

D  The power to charter a bank is an enumerated power of Congress.

A  Chartering a bank was not among Congress’s enumerated powers.

B  Chartering banks was exclusively the province of state governments, according to the Constitution.

C  Chartering banks would lead to government corruption by allowing members of Congress undue influence over financial markets.

D  Chartering a bank was not among Congress’s implied powers.

A  in favor of Maryland

B  in favor of state banks

C  in favor of Philadelphia

D  in favor of McCulloch

A  Anti-Federalists in the Maryland legislature wanted to test the limits of national power.

B  The United States started borrowing almost exclusively from the national bank instead of state banks.

C  Maryland had a standing law that all banks would be taxed equally.

D  The federal government had previously taxed state banks excessively.

A  State-owned banks were charging the federal government too much interest on loans to pay debts from the War of 1812.

B  State-owned banks had declared bankruptcy as a result of debt accumulated during the War of 1812.

C  One of Congress’s enumerated powers under the Constitution is the authority to charter national banks.

D  State government officials requested that the federal government charter a national bank to lend states money.

A  a state court ruling that conflicts with the Supreme Court ruling on same-sex marriage

B  the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which allowed the federal government to monitor state-run elections

C  a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation that overrules a state court judgment involving food-safety labels

D  an amendment to a state constitution that establishes the right to religious freedom at the state level

A  It expands Congress’s power by allowing Congress to pass any laws that are “necessary and proper” for it to carry out its enumerated powers under the Constitution.

B  It limits Congress’s power by allowing Congress to pass only those laws that are “necessary and proper” for it to uphold and defend the principles in the Constitution.

C  It allows Congress to establish banks or other financial institutions as long as they are deemed “necessary and proper” for maintaining the stability of the nation’s economy.

D  It enhances the power of the states by allowing them to do whatever is “necessary and proper” to prevent Congress from overstepping its constitutional authority.

A  The federal government dominates the states more than ever before.

B  The states are now more powerful than the federal government.

C  Some power has shifted back to the states.

D  There has been no change in federalism since the mid-20th century.

A  the executive branch

B  the Supreme Court

C  the Senate

D  the House of Representatives

A  State governments share virtually none of the same powers as the federal government.

B  The federal government has progressively assumed greater responsibility for domestic and economic issues.

C  Local governments have assumed sole responsibility for domestic issues.

D  The debate surrounding the balance of power has almost completely disappeared.

A  States felt that the federal government had far too much power over their affairs.

B  Southern states opposed the federal government while Northern states supported it.

C  States wanted to abolish the federal government completely.

D  States enjoyed their sovereignty from the federal government.

A  a policy designed to enhance the power of the federal government

B  the division of power between the three branches of government

C  the division of power between civilian and military leadership

D  the division of power between the federal and state governments

A  the growth of state power

B  the rising Confederacy

C  the abuse of political power

D  the executive branch

A  The Framers generally followed the model of federalism outlined in the Articles of Confederation.

B  Federalism primarily entails the growth of the federal government.

C  Federalism was a subject of intense debate during the drafting of the Constitution.

D  Ensuring federalism was one of the easier tasks undertaken by the Framers of the Constitution.

A  In a federal system, both states and the national government have powers that can affect the issues brought on by a public health crisis.

B  In a federal system, power shifts to the states to resolve their own public health problems.

C  In a federal system, the national government is the only government entity with the power to address matters of public health.

D  In a federal system, neither the states nor the national government has the power to address public health issues.