Quiz 6

A  Allowing in outside expert opinion

B  An illusion of invulnerability

C  Discouragement of dissenting opinion

D  An illusion of unanimity

A  The Obama administration’s decision to reform health care

B  U.S. entry into World War II after the Pearl Harbor attack

C  The Johnson administration’s 1967 decision to start the War on Poverty

D  Underestimation of the threat of terrorism prior to the 9/11 attacks

A  When upper-class students were put in the role of prisoner, they were not abused as much as the working-class students in the same role.

B  The students acting in the roles of prisoners and guards did not take the experiment seriously, so it was discontinued early.

C  Without being told to do so, students playing the role of guards behaved sadistically toward the students in the role of prisoners.

D  The findings were not significant in terms of how people adapt to roles of authority.

A  there is a significant difference between what people believe they will do and how they actually behave.

B  people conform only up to a certain point but will not violate moral or ethical standards.

C  women are less likely to engage in behavior that is potentially harmful for others than men are.

D  people will not conform when they believe their behavior will harm another person.

A  there is no real pressure to conform in most situations.

B  even rather gentle pressure was sufficient to cause an astonishing rise in the number of wrong answers.

C  most people would not bend to the opinions of others without a great deal of anger and argument.

D  the majority of people make up their minds for themselves and stick to those opinions.

A  always a secondary group.

B  created by the existence of an in-group.

C  the opposite of an in-group.

D  an attribute of society.

A  In-groups; out-groups

B  Reference groups; attribution groups

C  Primary groups; secondary groups

D  Dyads; triads

A  The influence of a reference group may be positive or negative.

B  Identification with a social group can strongly influence self-esteem.

C  One does not belong to a reference group.

D  Reference groups always provide good role models.

A  Primary groups; secondary groups

B  Triads; dyads

C  Secondary groups; primary groups

D  Categories; secondary groups

A  Neighbors

B  Teachers

C  Family

D  Classmates

A  a dyad is basically an unstable social grouping.

B  a triad is an unstable social grouping, whereas dyads are relatively stable.

C  adding a third person to a dyad has no effect on the stability of the group.

D  the size of the group has no effect on interaction.

A  tendency for triads to develop into a pair and an isolate.

B  predisposition for primary groups to be small

C  likelihood of dyads to be stable.

D  emergence of coalitions.

A  John’s parents and John

B  Lori’s sociology class

C  A married couple

D  All eighteen-year-olds

A  five

B  seven

C  two

D  one

A  Groups are a very simple aspect of sociology; the definition makes them seem more academic.

B  A shared definition allows sociologists from around the world to collaborate.

C  If all sociologists cannot agree on a definition of groups, then groups cannot exist.

D  Having a shared definition helps in understanding the behavior of people in society.