Exam 2

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Question #1

A mutation within a gene that introduces a premature stop codon will ________.

A result in a longer polypeptide chain

B change the location at which transcription of the next gene begins

C have no effect

D result in a shortened polypeptide chain

Question #2

Which cell component below carries out translation?

A lysosomes

B plasma membrane

C ribosomes

D nucleoli

Question #3

The CORRECT sequence of events occurring during translation is ________.

A tailing, capping, splicing

B initiation, elongation, termination

C splicing, capping, tailing

D elongation, initiation, termination

Question #4

Assuming Mendelian genetics for the pea plants crossed below. What percent of the offspring would be predicted to have white flowers?
Pp x Pp
P= purple, p = white

A 100%

B 75%

C 50%

D 25%

Question #5

Transcription is the process by which ________ is synthesized.

A protein

B starch

C DNA

D RNA

Question #6

In a DNA double helix, adenine (A) pairs with ________ and guanine (G) pairs with ________.

A thymine… cytosine

B cyclic AMP… cytosine

C cytosine… thymine

D guanine… adenine

Question #7

If a brown-eyed man and a blue-eyed woman (bb) have a blue-eyed daughter (bb) then that means that the man is heterozygous (Bb) for the eye color alleles.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #8

In the Electron Transport Chain of the mitochondria, hydrogen ions (protons) move by passive transport through ATPase Synthase.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #9

In the Electron Transport Chain of the chloroplast, hydrogen ions (protons) move by passive transport through the proton pumps.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #10

________________ is responsible for unwinding a DNA double helix during DNA replication.

A Ligase

B RNA Polymerase

C Single stranded binding protein

D Helicase

Question #11

Aerobic Respiration produce more ATP than Fermentation (Anaerobic Respiration) because of the availability of the electron transport chain (ETC) and oxygen.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #12

During ______________ of transcription, RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region of a gene.

A termination

B elongation

C promotion

D initiation

Question #13

Hemophilia is more common in men than women because men have a single copy of this chromosome.

A Y

B 2

C 21

D X

Question #14

A single________ gene, such as the sickle cell allele, determines multiple traits.

A lucky

B dominant

C recessive

D pleiotropic

Question #15

What is the key to the recognition of codominance?

A an understanding grounded in mutual respect.

B Multiple alleles are expressed at the same time as in blood types

C The alleles affect more than one trait.

D The phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the homozygotes.

Question #16

What is the key to the recognition of incomplete dominance?

A The alleles affect more than one trait.

B The trait exhibits a continuous distribution.

C indecisive cells

D The phenotype of the heterozygote falls right in the middle of the phenotypes of the homozygotes.

Question #17

What name is given to the specific location of a gene on a chromosome?

A zip code

B locus

C genotype

D phenotype

Question #18

In humans, the presence or absence of dimples is a trait controlled by a single gene. What is the genotype of an individual who is heterozygous for dimples?

A Dd

B 55

C dd

D DD

Question #19

Mendel crossed purebred purple-flowered plants (PP) with purebred white-flowered plants (pp), and all of the resulting offspring produced purple flowers.
The Purple (P) allele is _________________ in relation to the white (p) allele.

A dominant

B recessive

C excessive

D regressive

Question #20

Assuming Mendelian genetics, which of the following describes a homozygous recessive genotype

A Aa

B 11

C AA

D aa

Question #21

Alleles are described as ________.

A homologous chromosomes

B alternate phenotypes

C environmental factors that affect gene expression

D alternate versions of a gene

Question #22

Sexual reproduction can be advantageous because it has the potential to introduce genetic diversity into a population.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #23

For every cell that undergoes meiosis four haploid daughter cells are produced.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #24

A _____________mutation results in one amino acid being swapped with a different amino acid.

A silent

B nonsense

C missense

D leaky

Question #25

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ________.

A mitosis produces more daughter cells for each division than meiosis

B mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not

C mitosis requires crossing over, but meiosis does not

D mitosis produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells

Question #26

In meiosis, during prophase I __________ takes place.

A Crossing-over

B Sister chromatids separate

C DNA synthesis takes place

D The nuclear membrane reforms

Question #27

Homologous chromosomes ________.

A always carry the same alleles of all genes

B are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from only one parent

C are similar in size, centromere position and you receive one copy from each parent

D have nothing in common

Question #28

During Metastasis, cancer cells stay localized to the original site of tumor formation and never spread throughout the body via the circulatory system.

A FALSE

B TRUE

Question #29

Cytokinesis typically comes immediately after ________ .

A anaphase

B prophase

C metaphase

D telophase

Question #30

Which of these events occurs during anaphase?

A The nuclear envelope breaks up

B Sister chromatids are pulled apart

C The nuclear envelope reappears

D Chromosomes line up in the middle

Question #31

During metaphase, ________.

A centromeres divide

B the nuclear envelope breaks up

C sister chromatids separate

D chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question #32

The CORRECT sequence of stages of mitosis is ________.

A cytokinesis prophase, telophase anaphase

B telophase, prophase, anaphase, metaphase

C prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

D anaphase, interphase, prophase, metaphase

Question #33

The Calvin cycle turns ________ into ________.

A NO2… NH4

B ADP… cAMP

C CO2… G3P

D NH4…NO2

Question #34

Which of the following is found in both aerobic cellular respiration and in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

A electron transport chain

B glycolysis

C calvin cycle

D citric acid cycle

Question #35

In Photosynthesis, which of the following is an electron donor for the light (photo) reactions?

A H2O

B CO2

C NADPH

D C6H12O6

Question #36

When a chlorophyll molecule absorbs a photon, one of its electrons is raised to an ________ state.

A buffered

B balanced

C excited

D lazy

Question #37

The shorter the wavelength of visible light, the ________.

A more cocoa it contains

B redder the color

C louder it sounds

D higher the energy

Question #38

Two products of the light (photo) reactions of photosynthesis are ________.

A RuBP and H2O

B NH4 and NO2

C ATP and NADPH

D GTP and FADH

Question #39

Oxygen is consumed during the light (photo) reactions of photosynthesis.

A TRUE

B FALSE

Question #40

What fermentation waste product do yeast produce under anaerobic conditions?

A Toblerone

B ethyl alcohol

C glucose

D oxygen

Question #41

Which of the following metabolic pathways is common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

A the citric acid cycle

B glycolysis

C calvin cycle

D the electron transport chain

Question #42

Aerobic cellular respiration generates about ________ ATP from one glucose.

A 2

B 32

C 6

D 0

Question #43

The Citric Acid Cycle produces this important high energy electron donor/shuttle that is used to power the Electron Transport Chain proton pumps.

A Glycine

B NADH

C Uracil

D Glycerol

Question #44

Which of the following answers lists the correct order of the stages in cellular respiration?

A citric acid cycle, glycolysis, electron transport

B glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport

C electron transport, glycolysis, citric acid cycle

D citric acid cycle, electron transport, glycolysis

Question #45

The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain (ETC) in aerobic respiration is ________.

A ATP

B oxygen

C NAD+

D lactic acid

Question #46

Which of these equations describes overall equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

A Water → Hydrogen + Oxygen

B ATP + carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen + water

C glucose → lactic acid + ATP

D glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP

Question #47

A process is referred to as aerobic if it requires ________.

A ATP

B zumba

C carbon dioxide

D oxygen

Question #48

In the yeast fermentation experiment, what gas was trapped in the balloon covering the flask that contained yeast, glucose and warm water?

A carbon dioxide

B hydrogen dioxide

C carbon monoxide

D nitrogen dioxide

Question #49

The pond plant from your cell respiration lab (Elodea) is placed in a test tube containing water and phenol red and is wrapped in aluminum foil to block all light. After two hours you would expect the color of the phenol red to be ___________.

A yellow

B blue

C red

D black

Question #50

Based on the work that you did in the Photosynthesis lab, you observed that blue light (450 nm) is absorbed poorly by chlorophyll.

A TRUE

B FALSE

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