Quiz 3 Chapter 5 and 6

A  The goal of success is shared by a majority of people, but not everyone has equal means for achieving that goal.

B  The media sensationalizes deviant behavior, which is why it becomes increasingly attractive to young people.

C  American society is very lax in enforcing laws.

D  There are a lot of people with inborn antisocial tendencies.

A  criminal activities

B  immoral or unethical behaviors

C  violations of social norms

D  actions that are harmful to society

A  Uniform Crime Report.

B  way conflict theorists understand deviance.

C  symbolic interactionist theory of deviance.

D  value of punishment for deterrence.

A  Deviance clarifies moral boundaries and affirms norms.

B  Deviance helps the upper class maintain its power and influence in society.

C  Deviance breaks down social cohesion and leads to revolution.

D  Deviance makes it easier for the upper class to control the poor.

A  Labeling theory

B  Conflict theory

C  Self-fulfilling prophecy

D  Differential association theory

A  They are perceived as more criminal than others.

B  They are more likely to be poor.

C  They are more likely to engage in deviant behavior.

D  They commit more flagrant crimes.

A  group dynamics

B  virtual communities

C  network theory

D  rationalization

A  Criminals from the lower class should be more harshly punished, as they are more likely to re-offend.

B  Different levels of punishment are functional, as they keep the most productive members of society out of jail.

C  The rules are applied unequally, and those with power or influence are punished much less harshly than others.

D  The two criminals probably had very different motives for committing their crimes, and this explains the difference in punishment.

A  heroic deviance

B  positive deviance

C  appropriate deviance

D  anti-deviance

A  the personal qualities of a leader.

B  an economic system that focuses on rules and regulations.

C  birthright.

D  the efficiency and rationality of a particular way of doing things.

A  expressive

B  charismatic

C  instrumental

D  legal-rational

A  identification

B  groupthink

C  internalization

D  compliance

A  a virtual community

B  an out-group

C  a reference group

D  a primary group

A  dating partner

B  stranger

C  friend or relative

D  gang member

A  bureaucratic mediation

B  in-group orientation

C  assimilation

D  passing

A  conflict theory

B  structural functionalism

C  symbolic interactionism

D  coercive power

A  Historically, only humane and ethical societies have used prison as a form of punishment.

B  Throughout history, most societies have used prison to punish the most serious crimes.

C  Prison is commonly used as a punishment because it is extremely cost-effective.

D  Prison was rarely used before the nineteenth century.

A  taboos

B  mores

C  violent crimes

D  crimes

A  is a form of cyberbullying, since the anger is generally expressed online.

B  promotes social cohesion among nonimmigrants as they come together and label immigrants as outsiders.

C  is unequally distributed, since it is mainly aimed at poor and working-class immigrants.

D  hurts the economy by preventing immigration.

A  when the in-group is particularly large

B  when the differences between the in-group and the out-group are sharply defined

C  when the individual has belonged to the in-group for a short time

D  when the out-group is from a different city than the in-group

A  Women are equally likely as men to commit property crimes.

B  Crime differentials between men and women can be attributed mostly to emotional and psychological differences.

C  As women gain power in the labor market through education and income, crime rates among women rise to match those among men more closely.

D  Women are equally likely as men to commit violent crimes.

A  contagion

B  tie strength

C  anomie

D  high centrality

A  group cohesion.

B  instrumental leadership.

C  expressive leadership.

D  anomie.

A  are often formal or impersonal.

B  are larger and more anonymous than secondary groups.

C  tend to be based on specific roles or activities.

D  involve a strong sense of belonging.

A  Individuals associated with a group don’t have ongoing social relations.

B  Individuals associated with a group don’t share any common attributes.

C  Individuals associated with a group feel a shared identity and have ongoing social relations.

D  Individuals associated with a crowd remain in contact.