Chapter 2 Post Test

A  “radical” forces representing small farmers, artisans, and shopkeepers began to exert control over a number of state governments.

B  royal land-, office-, and patent holders began to exert control over a number of state governments.

C  a flu pandemic killed over 10,000 Americans in the spring of 1784.

D  a series of slave revolts swept through the southern states and overthrew a number of local governments in the summer of 1783.

A  prohibited from entering into treaties with other nations but allowed to coin money.

B  prohibited from coining money but are allowed to enter into treaties with other nations.

C  prohibited from coining money or entering into treaties with other nations.

D  allowed to coin money and enter into treaties with other nations.

A  Power must be used to balance power.

B  The federal government must be much more powerful than state governments.

C  Citizens should vote directly on the laws.

D  Slavery is an evil institution that should be abolished.

A  supported the Constitution because it created a strong national government.

B  opposed the Constitution because they wanted a weaker central government.

C  believed that the United States should enter into a confederation with Britain and Canada.

D  opposed the Constitution because it did not create a strong enough central government.

A  amendments to the Constitution must be ratified within four years of being proposed.

B  amendments to the Constitution can be ratified many decades after being proposed.

C  amendments to the Constitution must be ratified within twenty years of being proposed.

D  amendments to the Constitution must be ratified within ten years of being proposed.

A    

B  The framers feared that democracy and equality could undermine individual liberty.

C  Government promotes liberty by maintaining order.

D  Liberty is the absence of government.

E  Liberty is less important than social and economic equality.

A  37

B  27

C  10

D  20

A  Whigs

B  Antifederalists

C  Nationalists

D  Federalists

A  providing Congress with a larger grant of powers.

B  preventing government from collecting revenue through taxation.

C  adding a bill of rights to the Constitution.

D  decreasing the powers of the executive branch, especially those of the vice president.

A  James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton

B  James Madison, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson

C  John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferson

D  Charles Beard, Daniel Shays, and Paul Revere

A  opposed the Constitution because it did not provide women with the right to vote.

B  supported the Constitution because it contained a strong national government.

C  opposed the Constitution because they wanted a weaker national government.

D  opposed the Constitution because it did not create a strong enough central government.

A  set at seven in Article III of the Constitution.

B  determined by the president.

C  determined by Congress.

D  set at nine in Article III of the Constitution.

A  grant pardons and reprieves

B  convene Congress in special session

C  veto congressional enactments

D  appoint the Speaker of the House of Representatives

A  prevent the new government from abusing its power.

B  end the slave trade.

C  create a replica of the British political system.

D  promote economic equality among all citizens.

A  the Department of Commerce

B  the Solicitor General

C  the Department of Justice

D  the Supreme Court

A  since the federal government was already limited to its expressed powers, further protection of citizens was not needed.

B  citizens should vote directly on which rights should be protected.

C  such a list would make government too weak to protect national security.

D  such a list would limit economic development.

A  end slavery in the United States.

B  guarantee economic equality for all citizens.

C  eliminate state and local governments.

D  promote economic development and protect property from radical state legislatures.

A  the courts to review and edit pieces of legislation before they are voted on in Congress.

B  the states to review the constitutionality of federal actions and laws.

C  Congress to review the decisions of the federal courts.

D  the courts to decide on the constitutionality of actions taken by the other branches of government.

A  the president

B  the House of Representatives

C  the Senate

D  the Treasury Department

A  The president under the Articles of Confederation could veto any laws passed by the Congress.

B  The president under the Articles of Confederation could appoint judges for the federal judiciary without approval from Congress.

C  The president under the Articles of Confederation was the official chosen by the Congress to preside over its sessions, not the chief executive of the national government.

D  The president under the Articles of Confederation could declare war without approval from the Congress.

A  reinforce the unity of the New England merchants and the southern planters.

B  increase public support for the establishment of a national bank.

C  exacerbate tensions between the New England merchants and the southern planters.

D  transfer power from the Senate majority leader to the vice president.

A  90% of the country’s enslaved population lived in in Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.

B  90% of the country’s enslaved population lived in New York, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Delaware.

C  the country’s enslaved population was evenly distribution across the 13 states.

D  90% of the country’s enslaved population lived in Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Florida.

A  northern states; southern states

B  Catholics; Protestants

C  large states; small states

D  the wealthy; the poor

A  Representation would be proportionate to the share of taxes paid by each state to the federal government.

B  Representation would be equal for each state.

C  Representatives to Congress would be appointed by the state legislatures.

D  Representation would be based on population.

A  New Hampshire

B  Marshall

C  Virginia

D  New Jersey

A  the Boston Massacre

B  the Boston Tea Party

C  Shays’s Rebellion

D  the Constitutional Convention

A  All of the states sent delegates.

B  Less than half of the states sent delegates.

C  None of the states sent delegates.

D  More than half of the states sent delegates.

A  filed a lawsuit against the state in the Supreme Court.

B  did nothing because the government had no powers allowing them to intervene.

C  passed a law making all such future redistributions illegal.

D  issued an injunction to return the land to the original owners.

A  could be amended only through a national constitutional convention in which three-fourths of state governors approved of all changes.

B  could be amended only with a unanimous vote of the Congress.

C  could be amended only with a majority vote of the Congress.

D  included no provisions allowing for the addition of amendments.

A  council of presidents

B  states

C  president

D  courts

A  the Articles of Confederation

B  the Magna Carta

C  the Emancipation Proclamation

D  the United States Constitution

A  a group of colonial delegates assembled in 1774 that called for a total boycott of all British goods.

B  the meeting arranged between British and colonial forces to negotiate the end of the Revolutionary War.

C  the British government’s lawmaking body for the colonies prior to 1776.

D  a loose affiliation of small farmers and artisans that organized protests against British rule between 1770 and 1774.

A  John Adams

B  Samuel Adams

C  John Hancock

D  Paul Revere

A  50 colonists were killed by British soldiers outside of the seat of the colonial government in Boston.

B  50 British soldiers were killed by an angry mob of colonists protesting outside of the seat of the colonial government in Boston.

C  five British soldiers were killed by an angry mob of colonists protesting outside of the seat of the colonial government in Boston.

D  five colonists were killed by British soldiers outside of the seat of the colonial government in Boston.

A  The British ruled with a light hand and exerted almost no influence at all in any colonial town or city.

B  The British ruled with a light hand and exerted a strong influence only in the largest colonial cities.

C  The British ruled with a heavy hand in small towns but exerted no influence at all in the largest cities.

D  The British ruled with a heavy hand and exerted a strong influence in every colonial town and city.

A  all White inhabitants of the state were allowed to vote.

B  all White male inhabitants of the state were allowed to vote.

C  all White male inhabitants of the state that owned property were allowed to vote.

D  all inhabitants of the state were allowed to vote.

A  I.

B  V.

C  X.

D  II.

A  There has never been a successful attempt to amend the Constitution through the formal procedure spelled out in Article V.

B  While most amendment efforts failed because they attempted to address a specific public problem, successful amendments changed the structure or composition of government.

C  While most amendment efforts have failed because they attempted to change the structure or composition of government, successful amendments addressed specific public policy problems.

D  All of the successful amendments address voting rights.

A  political equality.

B  democracy.

C  economic equality.

D  individual liberty.

A  fewer than 100

B  fewer than 50

C  more than 11,000

D  between 1,000 and 1,500

A  the Tenth Amendment and the elastic clause

B  the Tenth Amendment and the supremacy clause

C  the Ninth Amendment and the supremacy clause

D  the supremacy clause and the elastic clause

A  landowning elite.

B  northern merchants.

C  king of Great Britain.

D  popular majority.

A  a series of essays that argued against the ratification of the Constitution.

B  a series of pamphlets written by Thomas Paine in 1775 and 1776 advocating independence from Great

C  the collected essays of French political philosopher Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu that argued for the separation of powers.

D  a series of essays that argued for the ratification of the Constitution.

A  Congress has the power to nominate and appoint the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

B  Congress has the power to create a system of federal courts below the Supreme Court.

C  Congress has the power to eliminate the Supreme Court.

D  Congress has the power to nominate and appoint judges to federal appellate courts.

A  Senators are the only officials immune from impeachment.

B  Senators are directly elected by the people.

C  Senators were originally appointed by state legislatures.

D  Senators have shorter terms than members of the House of Representatives.

A  asserting that the federal Constitution, and federal law generally, take precedence over state laws, and even state constitutions.

B  claiming that powers not explicitly delegated to the federal government were reserved for the states.

C  prohibiting state governments from discriminating against citizens of other states in favor of their own citizens.

D  outlawing government discrimination on the basis of race, ethnicity, and gender.

A  too many elections would be difficult for the states to run.

B  the state legislatures would conspire with each other to elect a Senate dominated by a single party.

C  this was a way to make the Senate resistant to popular pressure.

D  this would make members of the Senate more responsive to the preferences of their constituents.

A  tyranny

B  a mixed regime

C  a republic

D  democracy

A  U.S. representative

B  U.S. senator

C  U.S. president

D  U.S. vice president

A  There was no president under the Articles of Confederation but there is a president placed in charge of the executive branch under the Constitution.

B  There was no federal court system under the Articles of Confederation but there is a federal court system headed by the Supreme Court under the Constitution.

C  Constitutional amendments had to be approved by three-quarters of state governments under the Articles of Confederation but only have to be approved by two-thirds of state governments under the Constitution.

D  There was a unicameral legislature under the Articles of Confederation but there is a bicameral legislature under the Constitution.

A  prevent the state of Massachusetts from foreclosing on the lands of debt-ridden farmers.

B  force the British government to rescind the Tea Act.

C  bring a Georgian slave revolt to Virginia.

D  invade New England by royalists from Canada.

A  less-populous

B  free

C  slaveowning

D  southern

A  This form of ratification was intended to make it clear that the new government would be a national government and not a compact between the states.

B  This form of ratification was designed to win approval for the new government from the international community.

C  This form of ratification was the only one allowed by the existing provisions in the Articles of Confederation.

D  This form of ratification was thought to be the only approach consistent with the founders’ definition of democracy.

A  the primary architect of the New Jersey Plan.

B  one of the authors of the Federalist Papers.

C  the primary architect of the Virginia Plan.

D  a former army captain who led a mob of farmers in a rebellion against the Massachusetts government.

A  imposed large tariffs on luxury goods arriving on American lands through East Coast ports.

B  provided 40 acres of free land to all immigrants from western and northern European countries.

C  established the principles of land surveying and landownership that governed America’s westward expansion.

D  redistributed the property of British loyalists to small farmers who supported the revolution.

A  slavery was a “morally unjust” institution that should be outlawed.

B  laissez-faire capitalism would be the “supreme law of the land” in America.

C  America was “first and foremost, a Christian nation.”

D  there were “unalienable rights” that could not be abridged by governments.

A  1781

B  1777

C  1791

D  1763

A  elimination of the British monarchy

B  the end of the French and Indian War

C  complete independence from Britain

D  revocation of the Tea Act

A  Thomas Jefferson

B  John Adams

C  Samuel Adams

D  John Hancock

A  shopkeepers, artisans, laborers, and small farmers.

B  royal office and patent holders.

C  New England merchants.

D  southern planters.