Exam 3

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Question #1

The Brady Bunch, which was comprised of parents with children from two previous relationships (e.g. woman with children from a previous marriage remarried to a man with children from a previous marriage), is an example of a(n):,,

A farm family

B extended family

C blended family

D diverse family

Question #2

__________ refer(s) to the culturally and socially constructed differences between females and males found in the meanings, beliefs and practices associated with “femininity” and “masculinity.”

A Sex

B Gender

C Secondary sexual identifiers

D Primary sexual identifiers

Question #3

The biological and anatomical differences between females and males refers to ________________ differences.

A secondary distinction

B primary distinction

C sex

D gender

Question #4

Arlie Hochshield coined a term to describe the _____________________ of domestic labor (cleaning, caring for children, household chores) that women begin after a full day at work.

A household shift

B glass ceiling

C second shift

D domestic shift

Question #5

Systems of stratification are characterized by different hierarchical structures and varying degrees of mobility. All of the following are systems of stratification EXCEPT:

A class

B caste

C power

D slavery

Question #6

Race continues to be a significant and important aspect of life because:

A it’s unfair to categorize people

B biology continues to lead to unequal differences between racial groups

C actually, race really is no longer an important aspect of social life

D important meanings and beliefs about racial superiority or inferiority lead to inequalities in social, political, economic, and legal aspects of life

Question #7

Sociologist Max Weber’s term, __________, addresses how much access individuals have to important societal resources such as food, clothing, shelter, education, and health care, which can then impact their chances to experience upward mobility.

A cultural opportunity

B life chances

C social prospects

D social opportunity

Question #8

Race is:

A a biological fact

B a social construct

C no longer a significant determinant of one’s life chances

D a cultural artifact

Question #9

Both social scientists Karl Marx and Max Weber identified ___________ as an important determinant of social inequality and social change.

A gender

B class

C religion

D race

Question #10

__________ is the movement of individuals or groups from one level in a stratification system to another. This movement can be either upward or downward.

A Social movement

B Open system movement

C Unilateral generational mobility

D Social mobility

Question #11

__________ refer(s) to an individual’s preference for emotional-sexual relationships with members of the opposite sex (heterosexuality), the same sex (homosexuality), or both (bisexuality).

A Sexual feelings

B Sexual id

C Sexual differentiations

D Sexual orientation

Question #12

Prejudice is a(n) _______________ whereas discrimination is a(n) ______________.

A belief; action

B action; attitude

C process; belief

D activity; action

Question #13

From birth, parents act differently toward children on the basis of the child’s sex. For example, parents tend to engage in more rough and tumble play with their boys and are more likely to perceive their female children as fragile. The different perceptions and ways of treating and interacting with children on the basis of the child’s sex is what sociologists describe as.

A gender socialization

B biological essentialism

C sexual image

D body consciousness

Question #14

In sports, calling a player of color a derogatory name, participating in racist chanting during a sporting event, and writing racist graffiti in a team’s locker room are all forms of __________ racism.

A closed

B covert

C open

D overt

Question #15

Family as a social institution:

A plays a very small role in our lives

B is too politicized

C is one of the most central social institutions affecting our lives, and as an institution, is continually changing

D has remained relatively stable through the years

Question #16

Race is:

A based on phenotypical or physical differences (e.g. skin color)

B scientifically proven to be a product of clear and identifiable genetic differences

C based on a complex set of genes that each racial subgroup shares in common with each other

D a product of shared cultural similarities such as language and religion

Question #17

When couples share a home and a bed without being legally married, they are practicing:

A cohabitation

B a family household

C a companionate marriage

D sinful relations

Question #18

While skin color variations are often used to signify essential and natural differences between racial groups (e.g. intelligence, superiority), these skin color variations:

A really do reflect natural differences such as intelligence between groups

B can not be traced back far enough in time to study

C are actually adaptive in nature and exist to provide protective mechanisms such as protection from harmful UV rays

D have little to do with our life chances

Question #19

______________________ is the concurrent marriage of a person of one sex with two or more members of the opposite sex.

A homosexuality

B heterosexuality

C monogamy

D polygamy

Question #20

__________ is a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that is used to justify the superior treatment of one racial or ethnic group and the inferior treatment of another racial or ethnic group.

A Stereotyping

B Racism

C Discrimination

D Prejudice

Question #21

Class stratification is different than slavery and caste systems because a class based system of stratification is:

A actually, they are all identical to each other

B open

C Closed

D characterized by very little inequality

Question #22

In our everyday language, social stratification is often referred to as inequality. In class I provided an acronym, OWIE, to describe the types of resources that are unequally distributed across society and lead to inequality. OWIE stands for:

A occupation, wealth, income, education

B opportunity, winning, interest, entertainment

C jobs, vehicles, paychecks, housing

D options, wisdom, intelligence, esteem

Question #23

_________ is defined as extreme prejudice directed at gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and others who are perceived as not being heterosexual.

A Endogamy

B Homogamy

C Monogaphobia

D Homophobia

Question #24

__________________ makes a significant difference in perpetuating class inequalities because it gives some people an advantage over others by allowing them to start out with the benefit of extra resources in the form of inheritance.

A wealth

B income

C power

D prestige

Question #25

John is a white 50-year-old lower middle class man who is married to Sue, a 22-year-old African American upper class female. Their marriage is an example of:

A polygamy

B endogamy

C exogamy

D homogamy

Question #26

A study by Kathleen Gersen found that both men and women prefer an egalitarian marriage. If that were not possible, what were the fallback preferences of these men and women?

A The actually had the same fallback choices, both preferring the neotradtional model

B Men preferred to go the self reliant route (divorce) while women preferred to resort the the neotradtional model (breadwinner/homemaker)

C Women preferred to go the self reliant route (divorce) while men preferred to resort the the neotradtional model (breadwinner/homemaker)

D They actually had the same fallback choices, both preferring to divorce

Question #27

__________ is a category of people who have been singled out as inferior or superior, often on the basis of real or arbitrary physical characteristics such as skin color, hair texture, eye shape, or other subjectively selected attributes.

A A cultural group

B An ethnic group

C A racial (minority) group

D A tribal group

Question #28

__________ refers to the hierarchical arrangement of large social groups based on the control over basic resources.

A Social layering

B Social distinction

C Individual distinctiveness

D Social stratification

Question #29

__________ is a collection of people, distinguished by others or by themselves, primarily on the basis of cultural or nationality characteristics.

A A racial group

B A cultural group

C An ethnic group

D A tribal group

Question #30

__________ is often hidden from sight and more difficult to prove.

A Open racism

B Overt racism

C Subtle or Covert racism

D Closed racism

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