Chapter 6 Quiz

A  a lacto-ovo vegetarian

B  an omnivore

C  a carnivore

D  a pregnant woman

E  a vegan

A  It provides more antioxidant nutrients and fiber.

B  It reduces the risk of cancer.

C  It provides more saturated fat.

D  It provides more phytochemicals.

E  It promotes a leaner body type

A  maintaining acid-base balance

B  maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance

C  serving as antibodies

D  providing an unlimited supply of energy

E  regulating gene expression

A  Larger peptide molecules must be completely broken down into amino acids to be absorbed into the bloodstream from the intestine.

B  Proteins are broken down into individual amino acids and absorbed by all intestinal cells at an equal rate.

C  Cells in the small intestine possess different sites for absorbing different types of amino acids, which causes competition among amino acids at the absorption sites.

D  Amino acids need a carrier in the bloodstream because they do not transport very well alone.

E  Protein digestion and absorption require some form of carbohydrate.

A  stomach acid

B  mercury

C  freezing

D  radiation

E  heat

A  Amino Acids

B  DNA

C  RNA

D  Nucleus

A  It is converted into the hormone insulin.

B  It is used to make the brown pigment melanin.

C  It is used to make the vitamin niacin.

D  It is a precursor of vitamin C.

E  It is used to make the neurotransmitter serotonin.

A  mouth

B  stomach

C  blood stream

D  small intestines

A  Yes; Taking amino acid supplements helps keep the digestive system from overworking while you recover from illness.

B  Yes; But, one should also do plenty of exercise to promote muscle regain.

C  No; Whole protein is better handled by the digestive system and will promote muscle mass gain better than amino acid supplements.

D  Yes; Amino acid supplements are an excellent way to quickly provide energy to muscles for rebuilding.

E  No; Extra carbohydrate and fat, but not extra protein, are needed for recovery from illness.

A  collagen

B  antibodies

C  glycogen

D  insulin

A  eggs

B  almonds

C  flaxseeds

D  kidney beans

E  margarine

A  B12

B  vitamin C

C  zinc

D  phytochemicals

E  Iron

A  black beans

B  pasta

C  peanuts

D  eggs

E  peppers

A  annual replacement of old cells with new protein that has entered the body in food

B  loss of amino acids by excretion through the kidneys when cells die

C  conversion of half the protein we eat to glucose for energy

D  use of amino acids that have been conserved from the breakdown of old cells

E  excretion of intracellular working proteins as old cells wear out

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  I, III, and IV only

B  I, II, IV, and V

C  I, III, IV, and V

D  I and V only

A  crop rotation

B  fertilizer

C  UV light

D  bacteria

E  genetic modification

A  negative nitrogen balance

B  impaired brain and kidney function

C  slow growth in children

D  a weakened immune system

E  increased nutrient absorption from the digestive tract

A  backbone

B  carbon bond

C  acid group

D  side chain

E  amino group

A  The gluten-free diet will help relieve any digestive symptoms she may have.

B  Gluten-free weight-loss diets offer no advantages over other low-calorie diets.

C  She should be successful because it is an excellent way to lose weight.

D  Gluten-free diets are useful because they also help prevent cancer.

E  Even if she does not have celiac disease, she will benefit from removing gluten from her diet.