Final Lecture Exam

A  toxic shock syndrome toxin

B  exfoliative toxin

C  hemolysin

D  erythrogenic toxin

E  enterotoxin

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  fomites to human

C  human to human

D  animal to human

E  soil to human

A  scalded skin syndrome

B  acne

C  meningitis

D  impetigo

E  furuncles and carbuncles

A  are motile

B  lack spores

C  All of thechoices are correct.

D  have capsules

E  produce coagulase

A  Fomites

B  Blood

C  Mechanical vectors

D  Direct contact

E  Body fluids

A  herpes keratitis

B  infectious mononucleosis

C  herpes labialis

D  chickenpox

E  shingles

A  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

D  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

E  is caused by Parvovirus B19

A  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

B  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

C  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

D  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

E  Has a clear discharge

A  Contains toxoids

B  Is given in early childhood

C  Protects against three different viral diseases

D  Contains attenuated virus

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  exfoliative toxinB

B  catalase

C    

D  lactase

E  staphylokinase

F  exfoliative toxinA

A  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

B  causes roseola in infants and young children

C  starts with a high fever

D  a rash appears on the fourth day

E  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

C  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

D  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

E  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

A  Prophylactic antibiotics

B  Ivermectin treatment

C  Wear insect repellent

D  Good hygiene

A  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

B  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

C  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

D  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

A  Labeledcomplementary DNA

B  Labeledcomplementary RNA

C  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

D  Labeled identicalDNA

A  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

B  Western blot

C  Immunochromatography

D  Immunelectrophoresis

E  Weil-Felix

A  specificity

B  cross reaction

C  agglutination

D  sensitivity

E  precipitation

A  Agglutination

B  Precipitation

C  Sensitivity

D  Specificity

E  Cross reaction

A  specificity

B  sensitivity

C  cross reaction

D  agglutination

E  precipitation

A  Pseudomonas

B  Streptococcus

C  Salmonella

D  Clostridium

E  Treponema pallidum

A  Sensitivity

B  Precipitation

C  Cross reactions

D  Agglutination

E  Specificity

A  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

B  two known antibodies andone known antigen

C  All of the choices are correct.

D  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

E  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

A  allograft

B  isograft

C  hypograft

D  autograft

E  xenograft

A  can never have an Rh+ baby

B  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

C  inherited two dominant genes

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

A  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

B  The Arthus reaction is a local response

C  Serum sickness is a systemic response

D  Involves an immune complex reaction

E  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

A  Antibody mediated

B  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

C  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

D  Anaphylaxis

E  Immune complex mediated

A  humoralpathology

B  hemopathology

C  immunopathology

D  epidemiology

E  histopathology

A  joining region

B  light region

C  hinge region

D  variable region

E  constant region

A  found on the third chromosome

B  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

C  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

D  located in the thymus gland

E  All of thechoices are correct.

A  allergens

B  autoantigens

C  superantigens

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  heterophilic antigens

A  secrete antibodies

B  function in allergic reactions

C  activate B cells and other T cells

D  directly destroy target cells

E  suppress immune reactions

A  increases metabolism

B  stimulates hematopoiesis

C  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

D  increases phagocytosis

E  increases the availability of iron

A  complement

B  interferons

C  leukotrines

D  lysozymes

E  pyrogens

A  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

B  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

C  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

D  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Phagocytosis

B  Exocytosis

C  Adhesion

D  Encapsulation

E  Margination

A  prophylaxis

B  selective toxicity

C  nephrotoxicity

D  chemotherapy

E  synergism

A  true

B  false

A  penicillin

B  vancomycin

C  erythromycin

D  isoniazid

E  cephalosporin

A  boiling water

B  pasteurization

C  moist heat autoclave

D  hydrogen peroxide

E  chlorination

A  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

B  63°C for 30 minutes

C  160°C for 2 hours

D  100°C for 30 minutes

E  71.6°C for 15 seconds

A  Formaldehyde

B  Ultraviolet light

C  Ethylene dioxide

D  X rays

E  Moist heat

A  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

D  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Include adenine and guanine

B  Found within nucleotides

C  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

D  Are nitrogenous bases

E  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

A  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

B  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

C  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

D  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

A  proteotype

B  proteome

C  genome

D  genotype

E  phenotype

A  false

B  true

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

A  Electron transport system

B  Glycolysis

C  Krebs cycle

D  Preparation for Krebs cycle

A  2 ATP

B  38 ATP

C  3 ATP

D  24 ATP

E  42 ATP

A  38 ATP

B  36 ATP

C  3 ATP

D  2 ATP

E  24 ATP

A  4

B  6

C  3

D  5

A  high acidity

B  oxygen

C  carbon dioxide

D  temperatures above 37°C

E  high salt

A  H 2O

B  NH 3

C  CH 4

D  Glucose

E  CO 2

A  the size of the cell

B  size of the pores in the membrane

C  osmotic pressure

D  substrate concentration

E  carrier proteins in the membrane

A  spikes

B  capsomeres

C  prophages

D  envelopes

E  peplomers

A  satellite viruses

B  prions

C  All of the choices infect bacteria.

D  viroids

E  bacteriophages

A  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

D  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  syncytia

B  cytopathic

C  inclusion bodies

D  oncoviruses

E  chronic latent viruses

A  cytopathic

B  inclusion bodies

C  oncoviruses

D  chronic latent viruses

E  syncytia

A  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

B  living structures

C  metabolically inactive

D  All of the choices are correct.

E  resistant to destruction by radiation

A  true

B  false

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

D  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Basal body, hook, filament

B  Basal body, filament, hook

C  Filament, basal body, hook

D  Filament, hook, basal body

E  Hook, basal body, filament

A  aerobic

B  fastidious

C  microaerophilic

D  anaerobic

E  autotrophic

A  Joseph Lister

B  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

C  Louis Pasteur

D  Robert Koch

E  Ignaz Semmelweis

A  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

B  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

C  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

D  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

E  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

A  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

B  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

C  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

D  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

A  molds

B  parasitic worms

C  bacteria

D  infectious particles

E  protozoa

A  ribose

B  deoxyribose

C  fructose

D  glucose

E  glycogen