Final Lecture Exam

A  erythrogenic toxin

B  exfoliative toxin

C  hemolysin

D  toxic shock syndrome toxin

E  enterotoxin

A  human to human

B  animal to human

C  soil to human

D  fomites to human

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  impetigo

B  scalded skin syndrome

C  furuncles and carbuncles

D  acne

E  meningitis

A  have capsules

B  are motile

C  produce coagulase

D  All of thechoices are correct.

E  lack spores

A  Mechanical vectors

B  Blood

C  Body fluids

D  Fomites

E  Direct contact

A  shingles

B  chickenpox

C  herpes keratitis

D  herpes labialis

E  infectious mononucleosis

A  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

D  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

E  is caused by Parvovirus B19

A  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

B  Has a clear discharge

C  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

D  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

E  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

A  Protects against three different viral diseases

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  Contains attenuated virus

D  Contains toxoids

E  Is given in early childhood

A  staphylokinase

B  lactase

C  exfoliative toxinA

D  exfoliative toxinB

E    

F  catalase

A  causes roseola in infants and young children

B  a rash appears on the fourth day

C  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

D  starts with a high fever

E  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

C  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

D  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

E  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

A  Prophylactic antibiotics

B  Ivermectin treatment

C  Good hygiene

D  Wear insect repellent

A  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

B  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

C  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

D  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

A  Labeledcomplementary DNA

B  Labeledcomplementary RNA

C  Labeled identicalDNA

D  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

A  Western blot

B  Immunelectrophoresis

C  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

D  Weil-Felix

E  Immunochromatography

A  agglutination

B  specificity

C  cross reaction

D  precipitation

E  sensitivity

A  Precipitation

B  Specificity

C  Cross reaction

D  Agglutination

E  Sensitivity

A  precipitation

B  sensitivity

C  agglutination

D  specificity

E  cross reaction

A  Salmonella

B  Pseudomonas

C  Streptococcus

D  Treponema pallidum

E  Clostridium

A  Specificity

B  Agglutination

C  Sensitivity

D  Precipitation

E  Cross reactions

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  two known antibodies andone known antigen

C  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

D  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

E  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

A  isograft

B  allograft

C  xenograft

D  hypograft

E  autograft

A  inherited two dominant genes

B  can never have an Rh+ baby

C  All of thechoices are correct.

D  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

E  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

A  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

B  Involves an immune complex reaction

C  Serum sickness is a systemic response

D  The Arthus reaction is a local response

E  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

A  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

B  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

C  Immune complex mediated

D  Antibody mediated

E  Anaphylaxis

A  hemopathology

B  epidemiology

C  humoralpathology

D  immunopathology

E  histopathology

A  constant region

B  variable region

C  hinge region

D  light region

E  joining region

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  located in the thymus gland

C  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

D  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

E  found on the third chromosome

A  autoantigens

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  heterophilic antigens

D  superantigens

E  allergens

A  function in allergic reactions

B  directly destroy target cells

C  suppress immune reactions

D  activate B cells and other T cells

E  secrete antibodies

A  stimulates hematopoiesis

B  increases metabolism

C  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

D  increases phagocytosis

E  increases the availability of iron

A  interferons

B  pyrogens

C  leukotrines

D  complement

E  lysozymes

A  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

B  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

C  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

D  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Margination

B  Phagocytosis

C  Adhesion

D  Exocytosis

E  Encapsulation

A  synergism

B  nephrotoxicity

C  selective toxicity

D  prophylaxis

E  chemotherapy

A  false

B  true

A  cephalosporin

B  isoniazid

C  vancomycin

D  penicillin

E  erythromycin

A  chlorination

B  moist heat autoclave

C  pasteurization

D  hydrogen peroxide

E  boiling water

A  100°C for 30 minutes

B  160°C for 2 hours

C  63°C for 30 minutes

D  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

E  71.6°C for 15 seconds

A  Formaldehyde

B  Ultraviolet light

C  Ethylene dioxide

D  X rays

E  Moist heat

A  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

B  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Are nitrogenous bases

B  Include adenine and guanine

C  Found within nucleotides

D  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

E  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

A  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

B  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

C  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

D  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

A  phenotype

B  proteome

C  proteotype

D  genotype

E  genome

A  false

B  true

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

D  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  Krebs cycle

B  Electron transport system

C  Glycolysis

D  Preparation for Krebs cycle

A  42 ATP

B  38 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  3 ATP

E  24 ATP

A  24 ATP

B  38 ATP

C  2 ATP

D  36 ATP

E  3 ATP

A  3

B  4

C  6

D  5

A  oxygen

B  temperatures above 37°C

C  high salt

D  carbon dioxide

E  high acidity

A  H 2O

B  NH 3

C  Glucose

D  CO 2

E  CH 4

A  the size of the cell

B  carrier proteins in the membrane

C  osmotic pressure

D  substrate concentration

E  size of the pores in the membrane

A  spikes

B  peplomers

C  capsomeres

D  prophages

E  envelopes

A  prions

B  viroids

C  bacteriophages

D  All of the choices infect bacteria.

E  satellite viruses

A  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

B  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

D  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  oncoviruses

B  syncytia

C  cytopathic

D  inclusion bodies

E  chronic latent viruses

A  inclusion bodies

B  syncytia

C  chronic latent viruses

D  cytopathic

E  oncoviruses

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  living structures

C  metabolically inactive

D  resistant to destruction by radiation

E  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

A  false

B  true

A  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

B  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

D  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

A  Hook, basal body, filament

B  Basal body, hook, filament

C  Filament, hook, basal body

D  Basal body, filament, hook

E  Filament, basal body, hook

A  fastidious

B  anaerobic

C  aerobic

D  microaerophilic

E  autotrophic

A  Louis Pasteur

B  Joseph Lister

C  Robert Koch

D  Ignaz Semmelweis

E  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

A  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

B  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

C  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

D  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

E  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

A  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

B  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

C  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

D  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

A  infectious particles

B  bacteria

C  parasitic worms

D  protozoa

E  molds

A  deoxyribose

B  ribose

C  glucose

D  fructose

E  glycogen