Final Lecture Exam

A  erythrogenic toxin

B  exfoliative toxin

C  hemolysin

D  enterotoxin

E  toxic shock syndrome toxin

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  soil to human

C  fomites to human

D  human to human

E  animal to human

A  impetigo

B  scalded skin syndrome

C  meningitis

D  furuncles and carbuncles

E  acne

A  have capsules

B  lack spores

C  All of thechoices are correct.

D  produce coagulase

E  are motile

A  Mechanical vectors

B  Blood

C  Fomites

D  Body fluids

E  Direct contact

A  chickenpox

B  infectious mononucleosis

C  shingles

D  herpes keratitis

E  herpes labialis

A  cannot be prevented at this time with vaccination

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  has a maculopapular rash that lasts for days to weeks

D  is caused by Parvovirus B19

E  is a childhood febrile disease with a bright red rash on the cheeks

A  Can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae

B  Has a clear discharge

C  Can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

D  Treatment is with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic

E  Transmitted through both direct and indirect contact

A  None of the choices are correct.

B  Protects against three different viral diseases

C  Contains toxoids

D  Is given in early childhood

E  Contains attenuated virus

A  catalase

B  exfoliative toxinA

C  exfoliative toxinB

D    

E  lactase

F  staphylokinase

A  a rash appears on the fourth day

B  causes roseola in infants and young children

C  starts with a high fever

D  it is a very rare form of herpesvirus

E  appears as a mononucleosis-like illness in adults

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  high salt areas of the skin limit bacterial growth

C  vast numbers of organisms are found on expansive, dry areas of the skin

D  the skin microbiome is much more varied than previously thought

E  the skin microbiota changes constantly over time

A  Wear insect repellent

B  Prophylactic antibiotics

C  Good hygiene

D  Ivermectin treatment

A  organisms have a unique combination of metabolic enzymes that are displayed when color-changing dyes are utilized to demonstrate their physiological response to specific substrates

B  organisms display specific antigens that can be bound by color-changing antibodies that allow the clinician to locate and identify the pathogen

C  organisms will not grow on certain media types and can be selected for on others

D  bacteriophages infect certain bacterial cells and the specificity can be used to identify the organism

A  Labeledcomplementary RNA

B  Labeled identicalDNA

C  Unlabeledcomplementary DNA

D  Labeledcomplementary DNA

A  Radioimmunoassay (RIA)

B  Western blot

C  Immunochromatography

D  Immunelectrophoresis

E  Weil-Felix

A  cross reaction

B  specificity

C  precipitation

D  agglutination

E  sensitivity

A  Precipitation

B  Cross reaction

C  Specificity

D  Agglutination

E  Sensitivity

A  sensitivity

B  specificity

C  agglutination

D  precipitation

E  cross reaction

A  Pseudomonas

B  Streptococcus

C  Treponema pallidum

D  Clostridium

E  Salmonella

A  Sensitivity

B  Specificity

C  Precipitation

D  Agglutination

E  Cross reactions

A  one known antibody, one unknown antibody, and an unknown antigen

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  two known antibodies andone unknown antigen

D  a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known antibody

E  two known antibodies andone known antigen

A  allograft

B  hypograft

C  isograft

D  autograft

E  xenograft

A  can never have an Rh+ baby

B  All of thechoices are correct.

C  inherited two dominant genes

D  is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn

E  is in the majority of the population with regard to Rh status

A  The Arthus reaction is a local response

B  Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited in the basement membrane of epithelial tissues

C  Involves production of IgG and IgE antibodies

D  Serum sickness is a systemic response

E  Involves an immune complex reaction

A  Immune complex mediated

B  Antibody mediated

C  Anaphylaxis

D  Both antibody mediated and immune complex mediated

E  Both anaphylaxis and antibody mediated

A  humoralpathology

B  epidemiology

C  hemopathology

D  histopathology

E  immunopathology

A  hinge region

B  joining region

C  constant region

D  light region

E  variable region

A  All of thechoices are correct.

B  a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins

C  located in the thymus gland

D  glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells

E  found on the third chromosome

A  superantigens

B  autoantigens

C  allergens

D  heterophilic antigens

E  None of the choices are correct.

A  activate B cells and other T cells

B  directly destroy target cells

C  suppress immune reactions

D  secrete antibodies

E  function in allergic reactions

A  increases phagocytosis

B  increases metabolism

C  increases the availability of iron

D  stimulates hematopoiesis

E  reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply

A  leukotrines

B  pyrogens

C  lysozymes

D  interferons

E  complement

A  Liver, Endocrine glands, Skin

B  Liver, Endocrine glands, brain

C  Vagina, Urethra, Mouth, Skin, Nose

D  Urethra, Endocrine glands, brain

A  Phagocytosis

B  Margination

C  Exocytosis

D  Adhesion

E  Encapsulation

A  nephrotoxicity

B  synergism

C  selective toxicity

D  chemotherapy

E  prophylaxis

A  true

B  false

A  cephalosporin

B  isoniazid

C  vancomycin

D  penicillin

E  erythromycin

A  pasteurization

B  boiling water

C  hydrogen peroxide

D  chlorination

E  moist heat autoclave

A  121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes

B  63°C for 30 minutes

C  71.6°C for 15 seconds

D  100°C for 30 minutes

E  160°C for 2 hours

A  Formaldehyde

B  Ethylene dioxide

C  X rays

D  Moist heat

E  Ultraviolet light

A  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—kills bacteria

B  Bactericidal—kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria

C  Bacteriostatic—inhibits the growth of bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

D  Bacteriostatic—kills bacteria
Bactericidal—inhibits the growth of bacteria

A  Are nitrogenous bases

B  Found within nucleotides

C  Include adenine and guanine

D  Only found in DNA, not in RNA

E  Always paired with a specific pyrimidine

A  oil and gas prices will increase as a result of the decreased demand for fossil fuels

B  medical insurance costs will likely skyrocket

C  the ability to create life from scratch raises a multitude of issues

D  mutations in manufactured cells will cause problems for existing organisms

A  genotype

B  phenotype

C  genome

D  proteotype

E  proteome

A  false

B  true

A  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen

B  uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen

C  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, and requires oxygen

D  None of the choices are correct.

E  uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen

A  Preparation for Krebs cycle

B  Electron transport system

C  Glycolysis

D  Krebs cycle

A  24 ATP

B  2 ATP

C  3 ATP

D  42 ATP

E  38 ATP

A  36 ATP

B  38 ATP

C  24 ATP

D  3 ATP

E  2 ATP

A  4

B  6

C  3

D  5

A  oxygen

B  high acidity

C  temperatures above 37°C

D  high salt

E  carbon dioxide

A  NH 3

B  Glucose

C  H 2O

D  CO 2

E  CH 4

A  size of the pores in the membrane

B  carrier proteins in the membrane

C  substrate concentration

D  the size of the cell

E  osmotic pressure

A  peplomers

B  prophages

C  capsomeres

D  envelopes

E  spikes

A  All of the choices infect bacteria.

B  bacteriophages

C  satellite viruses

D  viroids

E  prions

A  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of animalinoculation, Inoculation ofembryonated eggs

B  Use of animalinoculation, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

C  Inoculation ofembryonated eggs, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

D  Use of cellculture techniques, Use of enriched broth media, Use of enrichedagar media

A  syncytia

B  cytopathic

C  inclusion bodies

D  oncoviruses

E  chronic latent viruses

A  inclusion bodies

B  cytopathic

C  oncoviruses

D  syncytia

E  chronic latent viruses

A  metabolically inactive

B  living structures

C  resistant to destruction by radiation

D  resistant to heat and chemical destruction

E  All of the choices are correct.

A  true

B  false

A  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane

B  Teichoic acids, Thick layer of peptidoglycan, Cell membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

C  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Outer membrane, Lipoteichoic acids

D  Thin layer of peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide, Cell membrane

A  Hook, basal body, filament

B  Basal body, hook, filament

C  Filament, basal body, hook

D  Filament, hook, basal body

E  Basal body, filament, hook

A  autotrophic

B  fastidious

C  anaerobic

D  microaerophilic

E  aerobic

A  Joseph Lister

B  Louis Pasteur

C  Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

D  Robert Koch

E  Ignaz Semmelweis

A  Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors

B  A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria

C  Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds

D  Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

E  Escherichia coli producing human insulin

A  Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical setting.

B  Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.

C  Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.

D  Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for infection.

A  parasitic worms

B  infectious particles

C  bacteria

D  molds

E  protozoa

A  ribose

B  deoxyribose

C  fructose

D  glycogen

E  glucose