Bacteria and Archaea

A  Strep throat 

B  Anthrax

C  Botulism

D  Tetanus

A  Millions of years 

B  One year

C  Two months

D  20 years

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Osmotic pressure

B  Temperature

C  All of the choices are correct

D  pH

A  peptidoglycan

B  lipid membrane

C  protein 

D  lipopolysaccharide

A  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

B  protien; lipids

C  water; calcium

D  calcium; water 

A  peptidoglycan 

B  cell membrane

C  flagellar proteins

D  protein

A  the cell wall of the mother cell

B  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

C  proteins produced by the mother cell

D  the membrane of the mother cell 

A  haploid cell

B  parent cell

C  mother cell

D  father cell

A  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

B  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

C  As a normal part of cellular growth

D  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

A  pH = 4

B  All of the choices are correct.

C  Complex media

D  Temperature of 45°C

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a metabolically active cell 

B  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

C  a frozen cell

D  a non-diving bacterial cell

A  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

B  They can lead to systemic infections. 

C  None of the choices are correct.

D  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

A  Teeth

B  Catheters

C  Artificial heart valves

D  All of the chioces are correct

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  oxygen gradient

B  pH gradient

C  All of the choices are correct. 

D  nutrient concentration

A  Lysozyme

B  Exotoxin

C  IL-4

D  Exopolymer

A  Flagella

B  Fimbriae

C  Spike proteins

D  Fimbriae and flagella 

A  Moist abiotic surfaces

B  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

C  Dry abiotic surfaces

D  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

A  on shower curtains

B  on teeth

C  on the walls of swimming pools

D  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

A  motility

B  maintaining cell shape

C  attachment

D  transferring DNA to other cells

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Lack cell walls 

B  Gram-positive cell walls 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Gram-positive cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Gram-positive cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  membrane; nutrient transfer

B  membrane; genetic exchange

C  flagellum; motility

D  pilus; genetic exchange

A  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

B  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

C  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

D  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

A  The number of cilia present on a cell

B  The direction of flagellar rotation 

C  The number of flagella present on a cell

D  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

E  The position of flagella within the cell wall

A  Pili

B  Fimbriae

C  Flagella 

D  Cilia

A  Temperature

B  Light

C  Sound

D  Chemicals

A  Flagellum

B  Capsule 

C  Fimbria

D  Pilus

A  Pilus 

B  Fimbria

C  Flagellum

D  Capsule

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

A  Fimbriae-motility 

B  Capsule-protective layer

C  Flagellum-motility

D  Pilus-attachment

A  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

B  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

C  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

A  Pseudomonas

B  Klebsiella 

A  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

B  Clear halos around the cells 

C  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

A  Proteins

B  Nucleic acids

C  Carbohydrates 

D  Lipids

A  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

B  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

C  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

A  Salivary secretions

B  Ear wax

C  Yellow or green discharge

D  Dental plaque