Bacteria and Archaea

A  Anthrax

B  Tetanus

C  Strep throat 

D  Botulism

A  One year

B  Two months

C  Millions of years 

D  20 years

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  pH

B  All of the choices are correct

C  Temperature

D  Osmotic pressure

A  lipid membrane

B  peptidoglycan

C  lipopolysaccharide

D  protein 

A  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

B  protien; lipids

C  water; calcium

D  calcium; water 

A  cell membrane

B  flagellar proteins

C  peptidoglycan 

D  protein

A  proteins produced by the mother cell

B  the cell wall of the mother cell

C  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

D  the membrane of the mother cell 

A  haploid cell

B  parent cell

C  mother cell

D  father cell

A  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

B  As a normal part of cellular growth

C  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

D  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

A  All of the choices are correct.

B  Temperature of 45°C

C  pH = 4

D  Complex media

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  a metabolically active cell 

B  a frozen cell

C  a non-diving bacterial cell

D  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

A  They can lead to systemic infections. 

B  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

C  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

D  None of the choices are correct.

A  All of the chioces are correct

B  Artificial heart valves

C  Catheters

D  Teeth

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  nutrient concentration

B  All of the choices are correct. 

C  oxygen gradient

D  pH gradient

A  IL-4

B  Exopolymer

C  Lysozyme

D  Exotoxin

A  Fimbriae and flagella 

B  Fimbriae

C  Flagella

D  Spike proteins

A  Moist abiotic surfaces

B  Dry abiotic surfaces

C  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

D  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

A  on the walls of swimming pools

B  on shower curtains

C  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

D  on teeth

A  attachment

B  motility

C  transferring DNA to other cells

D  maintaining cell shape

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Gram-negative cell walls 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

A  Gram-negative cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Gram-positive cell walls 

D  Lack cell walls 

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Gram-negative cell walls 

C  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

D  Lack cell walls 

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  pilus; genetic exchange

B  membrane; nutrient transfer

C  flagellum; motility

D  membrane; genetic exchange

A  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

B  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

C  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

D  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

A  The number of flagella present on a cell

B  The direction of flagellar rotation 

C  The position of flagella within the cell wall

D  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

E  The number of cilia present on a cell

A  Cilia

B  Pili

C  Fimbriae

D  Flagella 

A  Sound

B  Chemicals

C  Light

D  Temperature

A  Capsule 

B  Pilus

C  Fimbria

D  Flagellum

A  Flagellum

B  Fimbria

C  Capsule

D  Pilus 

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

A  Fimbriae-motility 

B  Flagellum-motility

C  Capsule-protective layer

D  Pilus-attachment

A  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

B  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

C  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

A  Klebsiella 

B  Pseudomonas

A  Clear halos around the cells 

B  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

C  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

A  Carbohydrates 

B  Lipids

C  Nucleic acids

D  Proteins

A  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

B  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

C  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

A  Yellow or green discharge

B  Ear wax

C  Salivary secretions

D  Dental plaque