Bacteria and Archaea

A  Strep throat 

B  Tetanus

C  Botulism

D  Anthrax

A  20 years

B  One year

C  Two months

D  Millions of years 

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  pH

B  Temperature

C  Osmotic pressure

D  All of the choices are correct

A  peptidoglycan

B  lipopolysaccharide

C  protein 

D  lipid membrane

A  calcium; water 

B  protien; lipids

C  water; calcium

D  peptidoglycan; cell membrane

A  peptidoglycan 

B  flagellar proteins

C  cell membrane

D  protein

A  the cyptoplasm of the mother cell

B  proteins produced by the mother cell

C  the cell wall of the mother cell

D  the membrane of the mother cell 

A  father cell

B  mother cell

C  haploid cell

D  parent cell

A  As a normal part of cellular growth

B  When the organism is exposed to sunlight

C  When the organism is placed in a hypertonic solution

D  When nutrients are depleted or conditions become adverse 

A  Complex media

B  Temperature of 45°C

C  pH = 4

D  All of the choices are correct.

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  a bacterial cell with an impervious coating

B  a non-diving bacterial cell

C  a frozen cell

D  a metabolically active cell 

A  They exhibit the same gene expression as nonbiofilm-associated bacteria.

B  None of the choices are correct.

C  They can lead to systemic infections. 

D  They pose no risk to the health of hospital patients.

A  All of the chioces are correct

B  Teeth

C  Catheters

D  Artificial heart valves

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  oxygen gradient

B  pH gradient

C  nutrient concentration

D  All of the choices are correct. 

A  Lysozyme

B  IL-4

C  Exotoxin

D  Exopolymer

A  Flagella

B  Spike proteins

C  Fimbriae and flagella 

D  Fimbriae

A  Dry abiotic surfaces

B  Moist abiotic surfaces

C  Biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue

D  Moist abiotic surfaces and biotic surfaces such as plant and animal tissue 

A  on teeth

B  on shower curtains

C  on a variety of surfaces including shower curtains, the walls of swimming pools, and teeth 

D  on the walls of swimming pools

A  maintaining cell shape

B  motility

C  transferring DNA to other cells

D  attachment

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

B  Lack cell walls 

C  Gram-negative cell walls 

D  Gram-positive cell walls 

A  Gram-positive cell walls 

B  Primitive prokaryotes, unusual cell walls and nutritional habits 

C  Lack cell walls 

D  Gram-negative cell walls 

A  flagellum; motility

B  membrane; nutrient transfer

C  pilus; genetic exchange

D  membrane; genetic exchange

A  The bacterium will have longer runs towards the nutrient, but it will still tumble at times 

B  The bacterium will tumble until it reaches the nutrient

C  The bacterium will run in a straight direction all the way to the nutrient solution

D  The bacterium will rotate its flagella clockwise most of the time

A  The number of flagella present on a cell

B  The number of cilia present on a cell

C  The position of flagella within the cell wall

D  The direction of flagellar rotation 

E  Whether a cell is gram-positive or gram-negative

A  Pili

B  Flagella 

C  Cilia

D  Fimbriae

A  Chemicals

B  Light

C  Sound

D  Temperature

A  Flagellum

B  Fimbria

C  Capsule 

D  Pilus

A  Fimbria

B  Pilus 

C  Capsule

D  Flagellum

A  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Short appendages

B  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation

C  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis
Participate in biofilm formation
Short appendages

D  Hollow tubes for material exchange
Allow bacterial cells to colonize host tissues
Allow bacterial cells to avoid phagocytosis

A  Flagellum-motility

B  Pilus-attachment

C  Fimbriae-motility 

D  Capsule-protective layer

A  The presence of the capsule allows a bacterium to evade the immune system and cause damage to the host 

B  It is released by the bacterium, killing any adjacent host cells

C  It provides motility to bacterial cells, allowing them to spread throughout the host organism

A  Klebsiella 

B  Pseudomonas

A  Dark circles surrounding the cell wall

B  Clear halos around the cells 

C  Colored layers of threadlike structures surrounding the cell

A  Lipids

B  Proteins

C  Nucleic acids

D  Carbohydrates 

A  Most microbes cannot cause disease without other microbes present.

B  Bacteria in biofilms are often protected from antibiotics. 

C  The secreted extracellular “gunk” is highly damaging to tissues.

A  Yellow or green discharge

B  Ear wax

C  Salivary secretions

D  Dental plaque