Viruses 1

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Lack of nutrients

B  An electrical charge

C  A competing phage

D  Ultraviolet light

E  Darkness

A  phage DNA being actively expressed

B  phage DNA integrated into host cell genome

C  toxic to the host bacterial cell

D  phage protein left outside the bacterium

A  phage genes integrate into the host cell genome and are not expressed

B  phage genes exist as prophage

C  phage nucleic acid is replicated and phage genes are expressed, making new phage protein and lysing the host cell

D  phage DNA remains inside the protein coat

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  phagocytosis

B  endocytosis

C  lysis of the host cell

D  budding

A  engulfs the viral spikes

B  becomes completely enclosed by the region of the cell membrane into which the spikes and matrix protein are embedded

C  surrounds the viral matrix protein

D  is dissolved

A  the inside of the host cell membrane becomes coated with capsid

B  the viral capsid becomes enclosed by the cell membrane

C  the inside of the host cell membrane becomes coated with viral matrix protein

D  viral spike proteins are inserted into the host cell membrane

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  lytic

B  acute

C  lysogenic

D  latent

A  It attaches to receptors which bring in a single-strand

B  By receptor-mediated endocytosis

C  It is injected

D  By fusion with the cell’s plasma membrane

A  lipases that allow the virus to escape the cell

B  transmembrane proteins that allow the virus to escape the cell

C  regulatory proteins which direct the production and assembly of the capsid proteins

D  spike proteins that are inserted into the plasma membrane

A  mutation of bacterial DNA

B  rapid reproduction of new bacterial cells

C  incorporation of viral DNA into the bacterial chromosome

D  lysis of the bacterial cell and release of new viral particles

A  bacterial flagella

B  bacterial endospores

C  bacterial exotoxins

D  new viral particles

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  The bacterial cell wall

B  Bacterial ribosomes

C  The cytoplasmic membrane

D  The bacterial chromosome

A  release

B  assembly

C  synthesis

D  penetration

A  tobacco leaves

B  Escherichia coli

C  Clostridium tetani

D  Staphylococcus aureus

A  penetration, synthesis, assembly, release

B  adsorption, penetration, synthesis, assembly, release

C  adsorption, penetration, synthesis, release, assembly

D  adsorption, penetration, release, synthesis, assembly

A  a phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the nucleic acid

B  made up mainly of polysaccharides

C  a subunit of the viral cell wall

D  a protein shell that surrounds the nucleic acid

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Penetration

B  Adsorption

C  Synthesis

D  Release

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  The synthesis of new virions will occur

B  The genetic material of the virus will disintegrate

C  The virus will kill the cell

D  A new envelope will surround the nucleic acid

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  FALSE

B  TRUE

A  the host cell’s plasma membrane surrounds the whole virion and forms a vesicle

B  viral spikes fuse with the host cell’s plasma membrane to form a vesicle

C  the host cell’s plasma membrane surrounds only the viral protein acid coat and forms a vesicle

D  the host cell’s plasma membrane surrounds only the viral nucleic acid coat and forms a vesicle

A  attach nonspecifically to host cell receptors

B  are made of lipids

C  attach specifically to host cell receptors

D  are present in all viruses

A  TRUE

B  FALSE

A  Carbohydrates

B  Peptidoglycan

C  Proteins and lipids

D  Nucleic acid

A  carbohydrates

B  lipids

C  nucleic acids

D  protein

A  either DNA or RNA

B  ribosomes

C  DNA and RNA

D  DNA