Midterm

A  there is a large difference between men’s and women’s definitions of forced sex

B  few women know their rapists, making it very difficult to arrest and prosecute them

C  not all rapists are sexual predators that can be tracked in the government’s sexual predator database

D  of the increasingly sexual environment in which we live

A  they rarely fight back in an attempt to minimize the experience

B  they have learned to accept forced sex as a means of self-preservation

C  men are socialized to feel sexual entitlement and insensitive to the difference between consensual and nonconsensual sex

D  they frequently dress in revealing clothing that excites men

A  True

B  False

A  Chinese American

B  Japanese American

C  German American

D  Italian American

A  many Native American tribes in the United States who exercise their sovereignty through gaming and other enterprises

B  many Chicanos and Chicanas who incorporate certain indigenous practices into their religion

C  African Americans who do not value family because of the high rates of single-parent households

D  the Hmong people’s extended family structure that allows for their elders to play a significant role in decision making

A  the four clearly defined groups into which humans are categorized based on physical phenotype

B  cultural practices and outlooks, including language, history, ancestry, religion, and styles of dress or adornment that tend to set people apart

C  a set of distinct physical characteristics that is the basis for a scientific classification of human beings

D  physical variations in human beings singled out by members of a community or society as socially significant

A  prejudice

B  racism

C  antiracism

D  discrimination

A  $1 trillion less

B  about the same

C  far less, but actual statistics are difficult to verify

D  far more, but actual statistics are difficult to verify

A  multiculturalism

B  assimilation

C  segregation

D  pluralism

A  physical variations in human beings singled out by members of a community or society as socially significant

B  cultural practices and outlooks, including language, history, ancestry, religion, and styles of dress or adornment that tend to set people apart

C  the four clearly defined groups into which humans are categorized based on physical phenotype

D  a set of distinct physical characteristics that are the basis for a scientific classification of human beings

A  Robert K. Merton

B  George Herbert Mead

C  Émile Durkheim

D  Anthony Giddens

A  rationalization

B  social construction

C  social structure

D  socialization

A  the random events or actions that occur within a building or concrete structure

B  any building constructed by more than one person

C  the mental state or personality of an individual

D  a regularity or pattern in people’s behavior and relationships

A  sociology should be considered a philosophy rather than a science

B  sociology is not concerned with empirical verification of theories

C  sociology attempts to connect individual experiences to a conception of a larger social structure

D  sociologists are primarily interested in predicting the future

A  Sex refers to aggressive behavior, while gender refers to expressive behavior.

B  Sex is a verb, while gender is a noun.

C  Sex refers to men, while gender refers to women.

D  Sex refers to biological traits, while gender refers to social traits.

A  a conflict

B  an exchange of functions

C  an exchange of symbols

D  a rational choice

A  double consciousness

B  dialectical materialism

C  organic solidarity

D  rationalization

A  Emily Dickinson

B  Émile Durkheim

C  Jean Baudrillard

D  Harriet Martineau

A  an introductory sociology class

B  the Beta chapter of Delta Gamma sorority

C  a block party in celebration of Independence Day

D  the college or university you attend

A  the influence of cultural ideas and values on social change and individual behavior

B  the superiority of Western culture

C  the sense of aimlessness provoked by modern social life

D  class struggles

A  socialism

B  capitalism

C  communism

D  Marxism

A  argued for a social physics and scientific understanding

B  argued that social change is caused by economic influences as opposed to values and ideas

C  concentrated on postindustrial society as opposed to industrial society

D  argued that social change causes anomie

A  Max Weber

B  Karl Marx

C  Harriet Martineau

D  Émile Durkheim

A  when the institutions of society function together as a whole

B  how society operates naturally

C  when people disagree on basic values and customs but work together anyway

D  a source of social conflict in society

A  a need to convince women to have more sex in order to avoid rape

B  a willingness on the part of men to use pressure, threats, coercion, and force to obtain sex

C  a culturally established overt pressure for women not to participate in any type of sex

D  the question of how to uniformly apply the definition of sexual harassment

A  sex desegregation

B  minimum wage laws

C  comparable worth policies

D  human capital policies

A  fact that women are mothers from 3:00 P.M., when school is over, to 9:00 P.M., when the children go to sleep, followed by being a wife from 9:00 P.M. until the morning

B  shift of women workers from industrial jobs to service jobs

C  burden of housework that awaits a woman when she returns home from work

D  fact that most women found it more acceptable to work from 5:00 P.M. to 1:00 A.M. rather than the first shift from 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M.

A  gender typing

B  misogynistic attitude

C  sexual harassment

D  misogynistic attitude

A  oppression

B  gender typing

C  patriarchy

D  masculinization

A  in which men dominate economic and political institutions

B  that is dominated by radical feminists

C  that respects the traditional role of the male in society

D  in which chivalrous behavior from men is rewarded

A  black and liberal

B  radical and liberal

C  postmodern and black

D  postmodern and radical

A  a belief that the roots of gender inequality are biological

B  a rejection of the idea that gender has an influence on social life

C  that there is one feminist school of thought

D  that women have an unequal position in society

A  expressive role

B  sex role

C  instrumental role

D  gender role

A  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in women

B  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in men

C  both men and women engage in aggressive behavior

D  aggressive behavior is not tolerated in either men or women

A  social scientists are unable to understand gender roles in other societies

B  gender roles are biologically determined

C  gender roles are culturally determined

D  gender roles are essentially the same everywhere with only minor variations

A  sex

B  gender

C  sexuality

D  socialization

A  the decline of cultural values

B  a reproductive strategy

C  biological instinct

D  genetic hegemony

A  cultural identity

B  cultural relativism

C  culture shock

D  ethnocentrism

A  assimilation

B  multiculturalism

C  subcultures

D  cultural relativism

A  subcultures

B  nonconformists

C  individualistic

D  multiculturalists

A  postindustrial

B  agrarian

C  hunting and gathering

D  industrial

A  industrialization

B  agriculture

C  civilization

D  pastoralism

A  hunting and gathering

B  agrarian

C  horticultural and pastoral

D  industrial

A  length of time in which a family resided with the community

B  gender and age of the community members

C  size of the family

D  amount and type of food gathered during the growing season

A  hunting and gathering

B  agrarian

C  industrial

D  horticultural and pastoral

A  language shapes our perceptions and ways of thinking

B  children learn their gender roles in American society

C  world languages develop over time

D  family members play a critical role in personality development

A  cultural universal

B  value

C  material good

D  norm

A  an enduring system of interrelationships that connects individuals

B  guidelines of behavior for interacting with people from different cultures

C  a set of concrete rules of behavior

D  an abstract ideal about what is good and bad

A  laws that a society creates

B  modes of behavior shared by all human cultures

C  abstract ideals about what is good and bad

D  concrete rules of behavior